Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020505 (hyperphagia)
 6,116 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

136 psychiatrists recruited 752 depressed outpatients considered to be a good indication for chemotherapy. Psychiatrists were trained both to diagnosis and to rating scales evaluation. The main features of the depressed syndrome was considered to be anxious in 21%, hostile in 14%, retarded in 12%, agitated in 12%, retarded and anxious in 41%. The symptomatology was present for more than six months in 2/3 of the patients. Among the psychological traits including some difficulties independently from the episode the existence of an aggressivity and/or hyperemotion were the more common (greater than 50%). 60% of the patients also qualified for Generalized Anxiety Disorder. This population was treated by Amoxapine 200 mg/day. Improvement on the MADRS was of 65% after a month of treatment. Tolerance was very good for a tricyclic. Hostility and impulsivity predicted poor response while the existence of a retardation and/or of anxiety or hyperphagia predicted a good response.
Encephale 1991 Dec
PMID:[Therapeutic effect of amoxapine. A pragmatic study]. 180 70

Two experiments were conducted in order to see if dopamine satiety receptors in the lateral hypothalamus or satiety mechanisms in the ventromedial hypothalamus were involved in the hyperphagia and body weight increase induced by systemic sulpiride. In the first experiment, it was shown that systemic sulpiride (20 mg/kg) does not block the anorexia caused by intraperifornical injections of amphetamine. In the second experiment, sulpiride (20 mg/kg during 18 days) did not produce an additional increase in body weight in previously VMH-lesioned female rats. This last fact cannot be explained by a ceiling effect since insulin (5 U/day during 7 days) increased body weight in the same VMH rats in which sulpiride was not effective. These results do not support the hypothesis that systemic sulpiride reaches the perifornical dopamine D2 receptors to disinhibit feeding, but suggest instead an involvement of the ventromedial hypothalamus. This last suggestion is more in agreement with the hypothesis that sulpiride alters feeding and body weight gain through the induction of a functional gonadectomy.
Physiol Behav 1991 Dec
PMID:Ventromedial hypothalamus vs. lateral hypothalamic D2 satiety receptors in the body weight increase induced by systemic sulpiride. 183 76

The effects of the 5-HT1A agonist, 8-hydroxy-2-9(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) on eating behavior and on rectal temperature were examined in adult male rats and in diestrous, proestrous, and estrous female rats. The 5-HT1A agonist produced evidence of hyperphagia at some dose (0.125, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg) in all groups examined. However, hyperphagia was most evident in diestrous females and least evident in proestrous and estrous rats. These findings are interpreted as an estrous cycle modulation of somatodendritic 5-HT1A autoreceptors. The hypothermic response to 8-OH-DPAT was present in all females and at all doses of 8-OH-DPAT (0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 mg/kg). These findings suggest that postsynaptic 5-HT1A sites involved in 8-OH-DPAT-induced hypothermia do not vary during the estrous cycle. However, males showed less hypothermia following 8-OH-DPAT than did females. The gender difference was evidenced primarily as a slower onset of hypothermia in males treated with the lower doses of the drug.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1991 Dec
PMID:Gender and estrous cycle differences in the response to the 5-HT1A agonist 8-OH-DPAT. 184 83

Diabetes is characterized by hyperphagia, polydipsia, polyuria, and elevations in blood and urinary glucose. It has also been documented that beta-adrenergic responsiveness is reduced in diabetes. The intestinal glucosidase inhibitor, acarbose (BAY G 5421), decreases postprandial glycemia by delaying carbohydrate absorption. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of chronic acarbose treatment (20 and 40 mg/100 g of diet) on the metabolic and adrenergic parameters altered in streptozotocin (STZ) (50 mg/kg, intravenously [IV] )-induced diabetes. Metabolic parameters were measured daily for 8 weeks. Diabetic rats were hyperphagic, polydipsic, and polyuric within 1 week of STZ treatment. Acarbose treatment did not consistently effect the food intake but did reduce water intake, urinary output, blood glucose, and the urinary loss of glucose associated with STZ-induced diabetes. Adrenergic responses were assessed by monitoring the increase in tail skin temperature (TST) associated with administration of isoproterenol. Diabetic rats were less responsive than controls and acarbose treatment restored responses toward that of the controls. Additionally, 3H-NE release from the tail artery was elevated in the diabetic rat and restored to normal in the acarbose-treated animals. Collectively these data suggest that acarbose treatment is effective in reducing the severity of metabolic and autonomic complications associated with STZ-induced diabetes.
Metabolism 1991 Dec
PMID:Beneficial effects of dietary acarbose in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. 196 Nov 20

Previous observations from this laboratory indicate that, during growth, the hyperphagia of the male genetically obese Zucker rat reaches a peak or "breakpoint" and then declines. To examine the effect of dietary macronutrient content on the course of hyperphagia, groups of male lean and obese rats were maintained from 5-28 weeks of age on powdered chow, or isocaloric diets (3.6 kcal/g) containing 72% of calories as corn oil, dextrose, or soy isolate protein (n = 5 lean and obese rats/diet). On chow, hyperphagia was maintained at a level of 7-8 g above lean control intake until a "breakpoint" was reached at 17 weeks, and obese intake declined to lean control level. On the fat diet, hyperphagia was increased to 10 g/day when a breakpoint was reached at 8 weeks. On the dextrose and protein diets, hyperphagia at a level of 3-4 g/day reached breakpoints at weeks 18 and 16, respectively. On all diets, the intakes of obese rats were precisely equal to the intakes of lean control rats by weeks 19-20. These data show that the magnitude and duration of hyperphagia in the developing obese rat are influenced by diet composition. Previously, we have proposed that the obese rat's hyperphagia arises from rapid adipocyte filling. Since high-fat diets facilitate adipocyte enlargement, the early "breakpoint" of hyperphagia seen with the high-fat diet may indicate that this feeding stimulation decreases as the fat cells of the obese rat approach maximal size.
Physiol Behav 1990 Dec
PMID:Diet composition determines course of hyperphagia in developing Zucker obese rats. 208 11

Quantitative measurement of the liver fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) in human gastrointestinal tract was carried out by the single radial immunodiffusion method, and its tissue distribution was also determined. L-FABP existed only in the epithelial absorptive cells of duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon, but not in esophagus and stomach. Jejunum showed the highest content of L-FABP at the level of 1.5% of the cytosolic protein. These findings support the concept that FABP has a role in the fatty acid absorption and transport. Intestinal L-FABP content revealed no difference between patients given ordinary diet and intravenous hyperalimentation, although earlier report by experimental animal showed that oral high fat loading increased the L-FABP concentration. L-FABP concentration had no correlation with the duration of IVH, but was well correlated with serum triglyceride and total-cholesterol levels. The colon of normal controls showed similar level of L-FABP concentration to that of distal intestine. L-FABP content in the colorectal cancer tissues and that in the specimen of the ulcerative colitis was also assayed, the former showed similar level to, and the latter showed significantly lower level than that in normal controls.
Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 1990 Dec
PMID:[Quantitative measurement of liver fatty acid binding protein in human gastrointestinal tract]. 212 10

The influences of time and hyperphagia on cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose and insulin levels were compared in the obese Zucker rat and compared to its lean litter-mates. Following a 28 day acclimation period in a 12 hr light/dark cycle (08-20-08) animal facility, blood samples were obtained every 2 hr in both obese and lean rats over a 24 hr period (N = 48; Dec 1988); serum was measured enzymatically for cholesterol, triglyceride and glucose and by radioimmunoassay for insulin and cortisol levels. Synchronization with other animal studies was established by endogenous serum cortisol measurements (acrophase 18-20 HALO in both groups). Cholesterol, triglyceride, insulin and glucose concentrations were significantly greater per time interval in obese vs. lean rats. No circadian pattern was observed in glucose concentrations in either rat group. Insulin levels peaked in both rat groups during the dark cycle; however, glucose and insulin levels were not correlated. Cholesterol concentrations were unchanged over time in obese as well as lean rats. Although triglyceride levels showed an acrophase at 13 HALO in lean rats, no circadian pattern was found in obese rats. Triglyceride levels remained elevated throughout the 24 hour period in obese rats whereas significant increases were observed in lean rats during the dark cycle. The present results suggest that triglyceride levels, and not insulin and cholesterol levels, are most likely dependent on feeding and activity patterns.
 ...
PMID:Impact of time and feeding habits on lipid levels in Zucker obese rats. 221 11

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is characterized by the existence of a unique mitochondrial protein (uncoupling protein or UCP) that uncouples oxidative phosphorylation and thus allows heat production. Its role in thermogenesis has been emphasized in recent years in response to cold stress (nonshivering thermogenesis, NST) as well as to hyperphagia (diet-induced thermogenesis, DIT). The present work was a first attempt to determine whether varying nutritional conditions could affect UCP gene expression. Total RNA was isolated from interscapular BAT and hybridized with a cDNA probe for UCP. Changes in UCP mRNA level were studied in rats fasted and refed for various periods at 23 or 28 degrees C. A 2 d fast at 23 degrees C reduced UCP mRNA level, whereas refeeding increased it. A prolonged starvation (53 h) induced an unexpected rise in UCP mRNA, which was associated with a fall in body temperature. Increasing the ambient temperature to thermoneutrality (28 degrees C) suppressed the fall in body temperature as well as the rise in UCP mRNA, which could then be characterized as a cold-induced response. Under the same environmental conditions (28 degrees C), refeeding still triggered a sharp, though transient, increase in UCP mRNA, showing that DIT was dissociated from NST.
J Nutr 1990 Dec
PMID:Effects of fasting and refeeding on the level of uncoupling protein mRNA in rat brown adipose tissue: evidence for diet-induced and cold-induced responses. 226 17

A case is presented of 14 year old female with hypothalamic obesity due to hydrocephalus caused by aqueductal stenosis. Evidence of hypothalamic obesity included 1) acute hyperphagia and weight gain, 2) neuroradiology showed hydrocephalus with focal enlargement of the third ventricle, 3) endocrinological studies revealed hyperinsulinaemia and impaired growth hormone (GH) response to arginine, but normal GH response to growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) and 4) Torkildsen's ventriculo-cisternal shunting resulted in improvement in hyperphagia and obesity.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1990 Dec
PMID:Hypothalamic obesity due to hydrocephalus caused by aqueductal stenosis. 229 5

Glutamine has been demonstrated to be an important source of fuel for the gut. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of glutamine-supplemented hyperalimentation on gut immune function. Thirty-six female Fischer rats were randomized into three groups: group 1 (chow) was fed rat chow and water ad libitum, group 2 (total parenteral nutrition) received a standard hyperalimentation formula, and group 3 (total parenteral nutrition-glutamine) received a hyperalimentation solution that contained 2% glutamine. Animals were maintained on their respective diets for 2 weeks and then killed. Mesenteric lymph nodes were harvested for culture, bile was assayed for secretory IgA, and bowel was excised to assay bacterial adherence. Results indicated that glutamine-supplemented total parenteral nutrition protects against bacterial translocation from the gut seen with standard formulas. This effect may be mediated by the secretory IgA immune system.
Arch Surg 1989 Dec
PMID:Glutamine-supplemented total parenteral nutrition improves gut immune function. 251 19


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