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Query: UMLS:C0020505 (hyperphagia)
 6,116 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Malnutrition is one of the risk factors for bone loss in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). To clarify the effects of nutritional status on bone metabolism, we examined the relationship between serum levels of nutritional indicators [insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2), and IGFBP-3] and markers for bone metabolism [serum osteocalcin and urinary excretion of C-terminal telopeptide of collagen type I (CrossLaps)] in 45 AN out-patients, including 8 severely malnourished patients who required hospitalization and iv hyperalimentation (IVH). Compared to healthy subjects, serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were lower, whereas IGFBP-2 was higher in out-patients who had a body mass index (BMI) less than 16.5 kg/m2. In these patients, urinary excretion of CrossLaps, a marker of bone resorption, was higher, whereas serum osteocalcin, a marker of bone formation, was lower than those in control subjects. All of these parameters were normal in patients whose BMI ranged from 16.5-18.5 kg/m2. Serum levels of osteocalcin correlated positively with BMI (r = 0.512; P<0.0001), IGF-I (r = 0.558; P<0.0001), and IGFBP-3 (r = 0.369; P<0.001) in AN out-patients. In the 8 severely malnourished AN patients, serum levels of IGF-I and osteocalcin significantly increased 3 and 7 days, respectively, after the start of a 5-week IVH therapy regimen and reached normal levels within 5 weeks, accompanied by still elevated urinary excretion of CrossLaps. The present study demonstrates that an improvement in nutritional status in AN patients during IVH therapy rapidly increases the serum IGF-I levels, followed by a progressive increase in osteocalcin, suggesting immediate start of bone formation. However, increased bone resorption appears to continue for at least 5 weeks.
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PMID:The relationship between bone turnover and body weight, serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I, and serum IGF-binding protein levels in patients with anorexia nervosa. 1063 87

The osteoblast-specific secreted molecule osteocalcin behaves as a hormone regulating glucose metabolism and fat mass in two mutant mouse strains. Here, we ask two questions: is the action of osteocalcin on beta cells and adipocytes elicited by the same concentrations of the molecule, and more importantly, does osteocalcin regulate energy metabolism in WT mice? Cell-based assays using isolated pancreatic islets, a beta cell line, and primary adipocytes showed that picomolar amounts of osteocalcin are sufficient to regulate the expression of the insulin genes and beta cell proliferation markers, whereas nanomolar amounts affect adiponectin and Pgc1alpha expression in white and brown adipocytes, respectively. In vivo the same difference exists in osteocalcin's ability to regulate glucose metabolism on the one hand and affect insulin sensitivity and fat mass on the other hand. Furthermore, we show that long-term treatment of WT mice with osteocalcin can significantly weaken the deleterious effect on body mass and glucose metabolism of gold thioglucose-induced hyperphagia and high-fat diet. These results establish in WT mice the importance of this novel molecular player in the regulation of glucose metabolism and fat mass and suggest that osteocalcin may be of value in the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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PMID:Osteocalcin differentially regulates beta cell and adipocyte gene expression and affects the development of metabolic diseases in wild-type mice. 1836 59

Childhood obesity is growing in prevalence. Obesity and bone dysfunctions may be related disorders, and therefore our aim was to study the impact of the early overfeeding (EO) in offspring bone health since weaning up to adulthood. To induce EO during lactation, litter size was adjusted to 3 male rats per litter (SL). Litter containing 10 pups per mother was the control (NL). Bone tissue was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, computed tomography, microcomputed tomography, biomechanical tests, and serum analyses. SL offspring presented higher body weight, fat mass, lean mass from 21 up to 180 days, hyperphagia, and higher visceral fat mass. Bone analysis showed that SL offspring presented higher total bone mineral density (BMD) only at 180 days, and higher total bone mineral content and higher bone area from 21 until 180 days. At 180 days, SL offspring presented higher femur BMD and fourth lumbar vertebra (LV4) BMD, higher femoral head radiodensity and LV4 vertebral body radiodensity, lower trabecular pattern factor and trabecular separation, however with higher trabecular number, higher maximal load, resilience, stiffness and break load, and lower break deformation. SL group had, at 180 days, higher osteocalcin and lower C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX I). We have shown that the excess of fat mass contributed to an increased bone mass, and hypothesized that this increase could be mediated by the hypothyroidism and previous higher thyroid hormone action and hyperleptinemia at weaning. Furthermore, the increased biomechanical loading due to increased body weight probably help us to understand the protective effects obesity exerts upon bone health.
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PMID:Bone structure and strength are enhanced in rats programmed by early overfeeding. 2462 1