Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020505 (hyperphagia)
 6,116 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Urinary outputs of amino acids in nine patients receiving intravenous hyperalimentation were estimated for evaluating adequacy of dosage and composition of the infusage for the maintenance of normal metabolism of tissue proteins in the subjects. The daily outputs of the methylated amino acids (3-methylhistidine, epsilon-N-methylated lysines and guanidino-N-methylated arginines), which are thought to be derived from tissue proteins, remained in the normal ranges, suggesting that the normal metabolism of tissue proteins was sustained during intravenous hyperalimentation. Relatively large urinary excretion of threonine, serine and glycine might reflect the large dosage of glucose in the infusate and disuse of these amino acids during the treatment, especially in the patients with hepatic dysfunction. Diurnal rhythms in urinary outputs of amino acids in patients receiving intravenous hyperalimentation were not observed, except for the outputs of threonine, serine and glycine, which were large during the 3.00-9.00 h and 15.00-21.00 h periods. The absence of daily fluctuations of the methylated amino acids in urine suggested that there were no diurnal rhythms in the metabolism of tissue proteins in the subjects.
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PMID:Urinary excretion of amino acids in patients receiving intravenous hyperalimentation. 41 73

Previous reports have suggested that insulin may not regulate the breakdown of myofibrillar proteins in skeletal muscle. To further test the role of insulin, insulinopenia was produced by treating rats with streptozocin. After treatment, protein breakdown in skeletal muscle was evaluated with the isolated perfused rat hindquarter preparation. After the inhibition of protein synthesis with cycloheximide, total and myofibrillar protein breakdown were assessed by measuring the release of tyrosine and 3-methylhistidine, respectively, in the perfused hindquarters of diabetic and age-matched control rats. Streptozocin-induced (65 mg/kg) diabetes (3- to 28-day duration) resulted in hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia, hyperphagia, increased plasma lipid levels, arrested body and muscle growth, and increased urea and 3-methylhistidine excretion. Despite this, protein breakdown in skeletal muscle diminished. The release of 3-methylhistidine by the perfused hindquarters of diabetic rats decreased, whereas the release of tyrosine remained unchanged, suggesting that the breakdown of myofibrillar proteins was affected specifically. 3-Methylhistidine (unbound) levels in skeletal muscle of unperfused diabetic rats as well as in skin decreased, whereas they increased twofold in the gastrointestinal tract. More severe diabetes (125 mg/kg streptozocin), which resulted in ketoacidosis, augmented protein breakdown in muscle; however, this response was due to a marked fall in food consumption (it was also evident when control rats were pair fed). These data reinforce previous conclusions that insulin does not play a major role in the regulation of myofibrillar protein breakdown in skeletal muscle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Myofibrillar protein breakdown in skeletal muscle is diminished in rats with chronic streptozocin-induced diabetes. 309 8

Management of protein-calorie malnutrition found in 32 patients with severe liver diseases such as fulminant hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver was carried out using 2 types of synthetic amino acid solution (Hep-OU and Fischer solution) for intravenous and enteral alimentations with rapid monitoring of serum aminogram. Intravenous hyperalimentation of these cases resulted in maintenance of nutritional status with improvement of nitrogen balance and normalization of impaired serum aminogram. During this study, however, nutritional support was initiated only when intractable ascites, upper gastrointestinal bleeding and hepatic encephalopathy were observed. In 2 cases of fulminant hepatitis with sepsis and 3 hepatoma patients with ascites, elemental diet containing maltose and amino acids was used to supply sufficient amounts of nutrients in a minimum volume of water. These techniques with simultaneous monitoring of urinary excretion of 3-methylhistidine and creatinine height index as nutritional parameters make nutritional management easy for patients with liver disease.
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PMID:Nutritional management of patients with severe liver disease by using intravenous hyperalimentation and elemental diet. 676 41