Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020505 (hyperphagia)
 6,116 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The synthesis of the prostaglandins (PG) I2 (measured as 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha), E2, E2 alpha) and thromboxane (TX) A2 (measured as TXB2) by the mucosal and muscular portions of the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, mesenteric vessels, hepatic portal vein and two arteries (carotid and aorta) was investigated in long term streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (DM; fed ad libitum and pair fed). In all regions of the gastrointestinal tract there were no changes in PG synthesis (per unit weight of tissue) in diabetic rats (pair fed or fed ad libitum) compared to controls. However, there were marked increases in PG synthesis (up to 3 fold) by the mesenteric vasculature and hepatic portal vein in diabetic animals fed ad libitum and in pair fed diabetic rats and decreases in the aorta and carotid artery. These data suggest that increases in PG synthesis by the splanchnic vasculature may constitute a specific adaptive response to DM. The similarity of the responses of pair fed rats to those of rats fed ad libitum indicates that DM and not hyperphagia is the likely determinant of these adaptive changes. Given that increased splanchnic blood flow enhances nutrient uptake (both known to occur in DM), the increase in splanchnic vascular PG synthesis, in particular of vasodilatory PGI2, may contribute to enhanced nutrient uptake.
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PMID:Differential changes of prostanoid synthesis by the gastrointestinal tract, mesenteric vasculature and hepatic portal vein of diabetic rats: comparison between pair and ad libitum feeding. 129 14

Ileal prostaglandin (PGs) biosynthesis was compared in female rats in normal mild hemorrhage (exposed to mild hypotension, reperfusion, and maintenance on hyperalimentation for 5 days) and control groups (instrumentation and hyperalimentation without hemorrhage). Tissue PG levels were analyzed by radiochromatographic analysis of microsomal membrane fractions prepared from the ileum in each group. Total cyclooxygenase activity in the normal and control groups was modest, with low levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, PGE2, PGF2 alpha, thromboxane B2, PGA2, and PGD2 being produced. Hemorrhage, reperfusion, and maintenance on hyperalimentation for 5 days markedly induced total cyclooxygenase activity in the female rat ileum. Ileal microsomal membrane fractions obtained from the mild hemorrhage group synthesized levels of individual PGs three- to seven-fold higher than the normal or control groups, with 6-keto- PGF1 alpha (breakdown product of prostacyclin), PGE2, and PGA2 demonstrating the highest levels of biosynthesis. These data suggest that the gastrointestinal tract could serve as a source for the elevated PGs known to occur in various shock models.
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PMID:Elevated PGI2 and PGE2 production in the rat ileum following mild hypotension. 313 63