Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020505 (hyperphagia)
 6,116 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Atypical depression, with features of hypersomnia, hyperphagia, anergia, and rejection sensitivity, is a common presentation of major depressive disorder. There are few available effective therapies for this disorder. We test modafinil, a novel wake-promoting agent, as monotherapy for atypical depression in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, relapse prevention trial after open-label treatment. We found that modafinil significantly improved atypical depression symptoms during 12 weeks of open-label treatment (mean +/- SD Hamilton Depression Scale (29-item version) score changed from 34 +/- 8.2 at baseline to 9.7 +/- 9.3, P < 0.0001), and that benefits were maintained alike in both the continuation and placebo arms during the double-blind treatment phase (P = 0.92). Modafinil was well tolerated and the drug was associated with significant weight loss compared with placebo (P = 0.01).
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PMID:Modafinil for atypical depression: effects of open-label and double-blind discontinuation treatment. 1685 54

Kleine-Levine Syndrome (KLS) is a disorder characterized by a triad of periodic hypersomnia, hyperphagia, and hypersexuality. KLS, although more common in young males, it has also been seen in females. Treatment options available for its management include mood stabilisers like lithium, stimulants like amphetamines, antidepressants and other options including electroconvulsive therapy. Modafinil is one of the new stimulant medications approved for narcolepsy. Herein, we report a young female with KLS and showing favorable response to modafinil. More data is required to establish the effectiveness of modafinil in this syndrome.
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PMID:Kleine-Levine syndrome in an adolescent female and response to modafinil. 2165 7

Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS) is a rare sleep disorder, predominantly affecting adolescent males, which presents as recurrent episodes of hypersomnia, behavioral and cognitive disturbances, hyperphagia and sometimes hypersexuality (Lisk, "Kleine-Levin syndrome." Pract Neurol 2009;9:42-45). Modafinil has been reported to show an effect in shortening the duration of symptomatic periods, but does not affect the recurrence rate (Huang et al., "Kleine-Levin syndrome: current status." Med Clin N Am 2010;94:557-562). However, no single drug therapy has been consistently successful, despite various psychotropic agents, including lithium, anticonvulsants and antidepressants, having been systematically tried (Arnulf et al., "Kleine-Levin syndrome: a systematic study of 108 patients." Ann Neurol 2008;63:482-492). This study reports a male adolescent with KLS who received several courses of drug therapy, providing a chance to compare differential drug effects over time.
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PMID:Effects of various drug therapies on Kleine-Levin syndrome: a case report. 2252 Jul 17

Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS) is a rare sleep disorder characterized by periodic hypersomnia and various degrees of cognitive and behavioral disturbance, hyperphagia, and hypersexuality. Effective treatment is challenging. Stimulants marginally address sleepiness, but may increase irritability and do not improve cognitive and behavioral disturbances. Modafinil may shorten the symptomatic period but not the recurrence rate. Lithium and carbamazepine are beneficial in some cases, possibly related to similarities between KLS and affective disorders. Currently, no single medication is consistently successful in treating the syndrome. Here we report the short-term effect of clarithromycin in a patient with KLS.
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PMID:Kleine-levin syndrome treated with clarithromycin. 2473 95

Eugeroics are a relatively new class of wakefulness-promoting agents. Thegroup includes adrafinil, modafinil and armodafinil. Modafinil is the most widely used and the best studied agent. Indications for the use of modafinil include the treatment of narcolepsy, shift-work sleep disorders and excessive daytime sleepiness associated with obstructive sleep apnea. Many studies show the utility of modafinil and armodafinil in the treatment of depression - both in monotherapy andas potentiation therapy if needed. Modafinil has proven to be effective in the treatment of residual symptoms of unipolar and bipolar depression such as fatigue, excessive sleepiness and some cognitive impairment. Research on armodafinil points to its effectiveness mainly in augmentation therapy of depression in the course of bipolar disorder. There are also reports on the effectiveness of eugeroics in special cases - seasonal depression, atypical depression with hyperphagia, apathy in the course of depression or as an isolated symptom, cancer-related fatigue in patients receiving chemotherapy, fatigue and excessive sleepiness in neurological diseases. Eugeroics due to their high selectivity of action in the CNS have a low addictive potential compared with other stimulants. The risk of manic switch is comparable to placebo. In general, they are well-tolerated and safe. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on the use of eugeroics in the treatment of affective disorders.
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PMID:The role of eugeroics in the treatment of affective disorders. 3244 54