Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020505 (hyperphagia)
 6,116 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We describe a case of ulcerative colitis (UC) where clinical symptoms began abruptly within a few weeks after colon resection. The patient, a 44-year-old woman, was first referred to our hospital for the treatment of colon cancer. During the past several years, she had not had any inflammatory bowel disease-like clinical symptoms, such as frequent diarrhea or abdominal discomfort. Before the operation, both macroscopic and microscopic examination revealed that no remarkable inflammatory change was associated with the cancer in any area of her colon. At 10 days after the operation, she started to complain of frequent watery diarrhea. Two weeks after the operation, she was readmitted to our hospital because of frequent bloody diarrhea, fever, and abdominal discomfort. Based on endoscopic and histological examinations, she was diagnosed as having severe UC and was treated with hyperalimentation, predonisolone, mesalazine, and granulocyte apheresis. However, she did not respond to this combination therapy. At 45 days after the first operation, owing to sudden onset hemorrhagic shock, she underwent a second colectomy. The resected specimen of the entire colon showed severe pancolitis, and histological examination revealed severe inflammatory changes in the lamina propria together with crypt distortion, all of which were consistent with UC.
 ...
PMID:Acute onset of ulcerative colitis following an operation for sigmoid colon cancer. 1650 61

Thyroid disease is common, and its effects on the gastrointestinal system are protean, affecting most hollow organs. Hashimoto disease, the most common cause of hypothyroidism, may be associated with an esophageal motility disorder presenting as dysphagia or heartburn. Dyspepsia, nausea, or vomiting may be due to delayed gastric emptying. Abdominal discomfort, flatulence, and bloating occur in those with bacterial overgrowth and improve with antibiotics. Reduced acid production may be due to autoimmune gastritis or low gastrin levels. Constipation may result from diminished motility, leading to an ileus, megacolon, or rarely pseudoobstruction. Ascites in myxedema is characterized by a high protein concentration. Graves' disease accounts for 60% to 80% of thyrotoxicosis. Hyperthyroidism is accompanied by normal gastric emptying with low acid production, partly due to an autoimmune gastritis with hypergastrinemia. Transit time from mouth to cecum is accelerated, resulting in diarrhea. Steatorrhea is due to hyperphagia and stimulation of the adrenergic system. Diarrhea in medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MCT) may be due to elevated calcitonin, prostaglandins, or 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid. Ileal or colonic function may be abnormal. The esophagus may be compressed by benign processes, but more often by malignancies. MRI and CT scans are the best diagnostic modalities. The gastrointestinal manifestations of thyroid disease are generally due to reduced motility in hypothyroidism, increased motility in hyperthyroidism, autoimmune gastritis, or esophageal compression by a thyroid process. Symptoms usually resolve with treatment of the thyroid disease.
 ...
PMID:The thyroid and the gut. 2035 69

Memantine hydrochloride is an uncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist for treatment of moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease. Several studies have shown that memantine can significantly correct the binge-like eating behavior in human and animal models. People with overeating behavior are more likely to be obese. Therefore, we suppose that memantine would be a good candidate for the treatment of obesity. In this study, memantine was shown to increase weight loss in obese mice induced by high fat diet. Memantine was shown to decrease food intake without inducing abdominal discomfort and anxiety, suggesting that this compound would be a good candidate drug for obesity control.
 ...
PMID:Long-Term NMDAR Antagonism Correlates Weight Loss With Less Eating. 3080 78