Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020505 (hyperphagia)
 6,116 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Prognostic significance of postoperative changes in serum albumin and urea concentrations as well as their ratio was statistically evaluated in 73 patients with suture line leakage of the abdominal alimentary tract. Increase in serum urea was associated with poor prognosis regardless of the site of leakage. Although the serum albumin concentration was poorly correlated to prognosis, its ratio to serum urea was of more prognostic significance than the urea value alone. When the ratio of the serum albumin nitrogen to the urea nitrogen fell below 10, there was a sharp rise in mortality as well as in morbidity, associated with poor local defense reaction, high incidence of spreading peritonitis, severe systemic complications, and decreased tolerance to tube feeding as well as parenteral hyperalimentation. A special therapeutic policy was suggested for the management of leakage in patients with critically low albumin/urea ratios.
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PMID:Prognostic significance of serum albumin urea ratio in suture line leakage of the alimentary tract. 445 83

In carcinoma of the esophagus, response to in vivo sensitization with recall antigens and DNCB was markedly depressed with 13% and 16% positivity respectively. Similarly, the number of T-cells was found to be significantly low (24 +/- 14) as compared to normal control (61 +/- 23). Blastogenesis index with PHA was only 1.75 +/- 1.04 in contrast to normal of 6.79 +/- 2.57. This depression was independent of serum albumin level and body weight. Cell-mediated immunity was further depressed following radiotherapy and did not improve following enteral alimentation for 3 weeks. In untreated patients, there was a significant rise in levels of IgA (298 +/- 184 mg/100 ml) as compared to normal (154 +/- 54 mg/100 ml). Levels of IgA did show a downward trend following enteral hyperalimentation. Circulating immune complexes and serum CEA level were elevated in almost 50% of patients. These data confirm the influence of tumor-related impairment of cell-mediated immunity while nutrition appears to affect IgA levels.
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PMID:Immunity in esophageal carcinoma. 641 76

A nutritional support team was used in the assessment and management of patients on a general urological service. Indications for nutritional evaluation included history of weight loss, anorexia, significant infection, chronic neoplastic disease, trauma or major surgery. The fat and protein status of the patient was assessed by anthropomorphic and laboratory determinations. The patient then was categorized as having mild, moderate or severe degrees of nutritional depletion. Deficiencies in vitamins, trace elements or essential fatty acids were not noted. Caloric and protein needs were calculated by multiplication of the basal energy expenditure by a metabolic activity factor, which was derived from the degree of illness or stress. Nutritional support was provided by enteral feedings via oral, nasogastric or jejunal feeding tubes and/or intravenous hyperalimentation via peripheral or central venous nutrient lines. During a 6-month interval nutritional consultation was requested for 50 patients, who represented 7 per cent of the urological admissions. Nutritional support was provided for patients who had obstructive uropathy with or without neoplasms, radiation cystitis, sepsis, urinary fistulas, mental depression, end stage renal disease or neurological dysfunction. In patients in whom urological treatment controlled the disease nutritional support maintained the weight, and stabilized serum albumin and lymphocyte counts. We concluded that a nutritional support program has a significant and, often, unappreciated role in the management of urological patients.
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PMID:Nutritional support in a general urological service. 642 56

The value of immediate postoperative enteral hyperalimentation with an elemental diet (high nitrogen Vivonex, full strength) at 125 cc per hour for 4 days was assessed in patients after radical urological surgery. Of 32 patients studied 21 received an elemental diet using a Vivonex Moss tube, which is a 3-lumen tube with esophagogastric decompression and simultaneous duodenal feeding, and the remaining 11 had a nasogastric tube only without nutritional support. We have used a selected group of parameters, including serum albumin, serum transferrin, creatinine height index, weight loss, total lymphocyte count, nitrogen balance and plasma fibronectin. All patients in the Moss tube group approached or achieved positive nitrogen balance by 4 days postoperatively, whereas the nasogastric tube group remained in negative nitrogen balance. Postoperative paralytic ileus was prevented in the majority of patients in the Moss tube group while receiving full nutritional support. We have found that the use of the Moss tube is a reasonable approach for postoperative alimentation. The tube is relatively easy to insert and well tolerated, and its use is a less expensive alternative to parenteral hyperalimentation.
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PMID:Immediate postoperative feeding in urological surgery. 642 79

The effect of intravenous hyperalimentation on the nutritional status of 84 cancer patients treated at the Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, has been evaluated. The body weight increased in 78% of patients, mid upper arm circumferance in 93%, triceps skinfold in 73%, mid upper arm-muscle circumference in 73%, creatinine/height index in 30%, serum albumin in 32%, transferrin in 35%, total peripheral lymphocytes in 38%. Lymphocyte blastogenesis increased in 74% of the patients examined and skin tests were converted from negative to positive in about 20% of patients. In addition 8 our of 18 patients responsive to IVH benefited from chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy indicating that the nutritional repletion of the host did not significantly affect the growth of the tumor. These findings support the opinion that neoplastic cachexia may depend partially on malnutrition and can be often reversed by IVH. Moreover, IVH might have an adjunctive role as potentiator of chemotherapy which however must be confirmed by clinical trials.
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PMID:Effect of supportive intravenous hyperalimentation on the nutritional status of cancer patients. 677 22

Twenty-three adult patients with protein-calorie malnutrition were referred for outpatient tube feeding. Initial nutritional support with hypercaloric supplemented diets did not prevent further catabolism and weight loss, as the mean protein intake was 35.2 g/24 hr and the mean calorie intake was 844 cal/24 hr. Outpatient tube feeding was then initiated in deliver a mean of 78.5 g protein/24 hr and 2248 cal/24 hr. Patients on tube feeding demonstrated an increase of serum albumin and total body weight compared to diet therapy alone. The patient and family members were instructed in the technique of outpatient enteral feeding, which included instructions in feeding tube intubation, formula aspiration, and monitoring methods to prevent gastric aspiration and pooling. No major complications were observed. Home tube feeding was concluded to be a safe, efficient, and relatively inexpensive method of hyperalimentation for selected patients.
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PMID:Home tube feeding for long-term nutritional support. 678 79

Serial anthropometrics, creatinine-height ratios. serum albumin levels, and elemental balances were compared for cachectic cancer and noncancer patients receiving hyperalimentation. Cancer patients compared unfavorably in all measurements except triceps skinfold increments, which were equal for both groups, suggesting that weight gain in cancer patients represented repletion of fat rather than restoration of normal lean body mass.
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PMID:Hyperalimentation in the undernourished cancer patient. 679 90

Available enteral hyperalimentation solutions used to treat undernourished cirrhotic, ascitic patients with protein intolerance are excessive in water, sodium, and in some cases protein. This study investigated the use of enteral formulae tailored to the water, sodium, and protein tolerance of 10 undernourished subjects with ascites due to alcoholic liver disease (n = 8) and postnecrotic cirrhosis (n = 2). During a 10- to 60-day (mean +/- 80 = 37 +/- 19) hyperalimentation period, three subjects were treated with a low Na (1g Na/2000 kcal), high caloric density formula (2 kcal/ml); previous encephalopathy in seven remaining subjects required infusion of a low Na, low protein (40 g/day) modular high caloric density formula. The high caloric density formula protein content in 6/7 subjects was increased to 80 to 143 g without adverse effect. Nine subjects tolerated the program well and showed improvement in the following indices: serum albumin, creatinine/height, and midarm muscle and fat areas. In selected cases, enteral hyperalimentation solutions with appropriate composition can be safely and effectively administered to cachectic cirrhotic subjects with ascites.
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PMID:Enteral hyperalimentation in undernourished patients with cirrhosis and ascites. 680 58

Protein calorie malnutrition is being recognized with greater frequency in the hospitalized patient. This report describes the clinical presentation and response to nutritional therapy in nine elderly malnourished patients ranging from 73 to 95 years. Clinical features of malnutrition include weight loss, confusion, hypoalbuminemia (mean 2.8 gm/dl), a low total iron binding capacity (TIBC) (mean 192 micrograms/dl), anergy, lymphocytopenia (mean 1 X 10(3) cells/microliter) and an anemia (mean 9.0 gm/dl). Our subjects were followed for 42 days. In two, hyperalimentation was achieved by voluntary food intake and polymeric dietary supplements. In seven, feeding for 21 days via nasogastric tube was required. After three weeks, weight gain, decreased confusion, improved appetite and mobility, and significant increases in serum albumin and TIBC were seen. At that time, no subject was anergic and lymphocyte counts increased significantly. Increase in the serum iron and percent saturation was noted, and by day 42, a significant elevation in the hemoglobin occurred. As a measure of stem cell function, the committed granulocyte/macrophage progenitor cell (CFU-C) was quantitated in four subjects prior to and following 21 days of nutritional support. A marked increase in CFU-C number from a mean of 0.1 X 10(7) cells/kg to a normal value of 0.85 X 10(7) cells/kg was seen. Thus in addition to correcting the nutritional deficit, hyperalimentation returned immune and hematopoietic abnormalities to near normal levels. While improvement could reflect recovery from an associated disease, it is just as likely that correction of malnutrition, a well-recognized cause of these immunologic and hematopoietic abnormalities, accounted for the response. These observations emphasize the importance of recognizing malnutrition in the elderly and highlight the need for a careful nutritional assessment prior to ascribing hematologic and immunologic abnormalities to the aging process.
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PMID:The correctability of the nutritional, immune, and hematopoietic manifestations of protein calorie malnutrition in the elderly. 682 Oct 77

The nutritional status of 24 patients of carcinoma oesophagus was assessed before and after central hyperalimentation with a liquid blenderized diet containing 3000-3500 cal and 100-120 g protein. The overall prevalence of malnutrition was found to be 70.8 per cent before the initiation of therapy. Of the various parameters used for assessment of nutritional status weight loss was the most common finding (91.6%) followed by alteration in midarm circumference, haemoglobin, triceps skin fold thickness, midarm muscle circumference and serum albumin. Enteral hyperalimentation for 10 days improved nutritional status by inducing significant gain in body weight (74.1%), triceps skin fold thickness (50%), midarm circumference (58%), midarm muscle circumference (62.5%) and serum albumin levels (91.6%). There was no significant change in haemoglobin levels.
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PMID:Role of enteral hyperalimentation in patients of carcinoma oesophagus. 826 76


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