Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020505 (hyperphagia)
 6,116 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Kleine-Levin syndrome is a rare and probably underdiagnosed syndrome. It is characterized by periodic attacks of the triad: hypersomnia, vegative disturbances such as hyperphagia and hypersexuality, psychopathological changes in the level of consciousness and control of emotions. Boys and young men in the age group 10-20 years are most commonly affected. Spontaneous remission with a tendency to remission is observed and the disease "burns out" after a prolonged period of years. The etiology and pathogenesis are unknown. Theories have been propounded suggesting dysfunction of the hypothalamus. No pathognomonic findings have been observed in the early phase of sleep during the daylight hours. Central stimulating drugs have been reported to have some effect on the hypersomnia. The diagnosis is based on the clinical picture. Frequently, a long period can elapse before the diagnosis is established and some cases are never diagnosed. The literature is reviewed and is illustrated by two case reports.
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PMID:[Kleine-Levin syndrome]. 146 86

A 17-year-old adolescent had a recurrent episode of somnolence and morbid hunger (Kleine-Levin syndrome) three years after a first attack, from which he had spontaneously recovered. He was treated with 50 mg daily of clomipramine for the somnolence accompanied by disturbance of attention and memory. Under this treatment he developed thymoleptic symptoms with polyphagia, logorrhea and hyperactivity. Placed on a trial dose of at first 600 mg, then 400 mg carbamazepine daily the abnormal findings disappeared within a few days, and there has been no recurrence after some months. It is postulated, based on the observations of this case, that the Kleine-Levin syndrome, presumably a functional hypothalamic disorder, is closely related to the endogenous psychoses.
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PMID:[Kleine-Levin syndrome. The provocation of manic symptoms by an antidepressant and a therapeutic trial of carbamazepine]. 279 6

A Chinese man with Kleine-Levin syndrome showed evidence of hypothalamic disturbance and damage to the limbic system. He has been free from symptoms of hypersomnia and hyperphagia for 15 years, but now suffers from ejaculatory impotence which is discussed in the light of aetiological theories of this puzzling disorder.
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PMID:Kleine-Levin syndrome 15 years later. 280 55

A 9 1/2-year-old Taiwanese boy with Prader-Willi syndrome had the following characteristics: difficulties with sucking, feeding and hypotonia during infancy, a dysmorphic face (triangular mouth, high arched palate, almond-shaped eyes and large head circumference with a relatively narrow bifrontal diameter), borderline intelligence, hypogonadism, hyperphagia, skin picking and truncal obesity. The boy experienced two hypersomnia episodes, at age 8 and 9 years, with both episodes lasting for 10 days. During the two episodes, he was found to have an exacerbated case of hyperphagia, pica, poor emotional control, stereotyped speech and agitated behavior upon awakening. After each episode, the boy had complete remission. Our findings show that the two episodes are compatible with Kleine-Levin syndrome. The relationship between the two syndromes, the Prader-Willi syndrome and the Kleine-Levin syndrome, deserves further study.
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PMID:Kleine-Levin syndrome in a boy with Prader-Willi syndrome. 865 Apr 57

A case of Kleine-Levin syndrome, with chronic severe periodic hypersomnia is described in a 17-year-old female. The first episode started when she was 15 years old. The episodes were characterized by periodic hypersomnia accompanied by hyperphagia, lasting 5 days, and repeating at 28 to 60 day intervals. The severity of hypersomnia prevented her from attending school activities. Outside the hypersomnia periods, she was asymptomatic. EEG, brain computerized tomography and brain nuclear magnetic resonance were normal; all-night polysomnography, Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) were within normal limits. During the period of hypersomnolence, polysomnography showed short sleep latency and short REM latency. MSLT mean sleep latency was 1.8 min; and REM period was present in one subtest; the ESS was markedly elevated.
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PMID:Kleine-Levin syndrome. Clinical course, polysomnography and multiple sleep latency test. Case report. 985 Jul 64

Hypothalamic disease often affects the patients' personality and this also applies to pituitary tumors with suprasellar extension. We report on a patient with a 12-year history of recurrent acromegaly, treated with three transphenoidal operations, single field radiation therapy and bromocriptine/octreotide administration. During the course of follow-up she presented with self-inflicted anemia and Kleine-Levin syndrome (hypersomnia, hyperphagia and hypersexuality). Furthermore, she developed post-radiation necrosis within the right temporal lobe. Whether her neurological and personality disorders result - at least partially - from the acromegaly or the temporal lobe necrosis remains unclear.
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PMID:Kleine-Levin and Munchausen syndromes in a patient with recurrent acromegaly. 1006 57

The Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS) is characterized by periodic, sudden-onset episodes of hypersomnia, compulsive hyperphagia, and behavioral-emotional disorders (typically indiscriminate hypersexuality, irritability, impulsive behaviors), lasting from a few days to a few weeks, with almost complete remission in the intercritical periods. Depression, confusion, and thought disorders are frequently associated with the critical symptomatology, and they may suggest other psychiatric diagnoses (schizophrenia, mood disorder, conversion disorder) or a substance abuse. A diencephalic-hypothalamic dysfunction is suspected, even if this composite symptomatology cannot easily be linked to a simple mechanism. The aim of this article is to illustrate problems in differential diagnosis, using a case approach. History, course, and therapeutic intervention in a 21-year-old patient with KLS, associated with a clear psychiatric symptomatology and a critical affective pattern, is reported. Psychiatric correlates of KLS are discussed, including the relationship with affective disorders and the possible emotional impact of the attacks. Implications regarding a combined psychological and pharmacological treatment are also discussed.
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PMID:The Kleine-Levin syndrome as a neuropsychiatric disorder: a case report. 1085 65

Kleine-Levin syndrome is characterized by periodic hypersomnia, hyperphagia, sexual disinhibitions and behavioral disturbances. The prognosis is generally benign, with normal cognitive and social functions after the episodes. We describe a typical case of Kleine-Levin syndrome associated with apparent academic decline, neuropsychological sequelae and personality alterations after the second episode of the illness. Further research in the natural history of Kleine-Levin syndrome is needed, for example, to determine whether early intervention would improve long-term prognosis.
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PMID:Neuropsychological sequelae in Kleine-Levin syndrome: case report. 1092 Apr 18

Kleine-Levin syndrome is a rare self-limited disorder which usually affects adolescent males and is characterized by episodic hypersomnia, increased appetite, and behavioral/psychiatric disturbances. Individuals are normal between the attacks. The case of an adolescent boy is presented who suffered from recurrent sleepiness, hyperphagia, and behavioral disturbances such as rocking, punching and pacing, and was originally misdiagnosed as suffering from encephalitis. Before the diagnosis of Kleine-Levin was given, the patient underwent unnecessary investigations and treatment which, in turn, complicated his clinical condition both physically as well as psychologically. In the course of five years he had four such episodes which appeared to have progressively milder manifestations. Between episodes he was normal. It is important that the diagnosis is suspected early, especially in adolescent males who present with recurrent episodes of somnolence, increased appetite, and abnormal behavior, since it most often represents a benign and self-limited entity and does not warrant extensive investigations or treatment. It is also important to distinguish this syndrome from more serious organic and psychiatric diseases with more serious prognoses. The differential diagnosis of this syndrome is discussed and a review of the literature is presented including evidence and hypotheses regarding its pathophysiology.
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PMID:The Kleine-Levin syndrome. Report of a case and review of the literature. 1095 6

A 19-year-old man developed the Kleine-Levin syndrome three weeks after the head trauma and subsequent neurosurgical evacuation of right-sided, fronto-temporal epidural hematoma. The expression of periodic episodes was observed for hypersomnolence and, to a lesser degree, for behavioral disturbances, while the hyperphagia was constantly present during a period of 1.5 years. These clinical features were associated with the focal, right-sided hypothalamic lesion and ipsilateral posttraumatic parenchymal temporal lobe damage on NMR imaging.
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PMID:A variant of the Kleine-Levin syndrome following head trauma. 1156 8


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