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Query: UMLS:C0020505 (hyperphagia)
 6,116 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A premature baby with gastroschisis, ileal atresia and secondary short gut syndrome was sustained with the use of peripheral hyperalimentation consisting of 2 per cent Amigen, 12 per cent glucose and 10 per cent Intralipid at an average rate of 140 to 160 milliliters per kilogram per day or 100 to 111 kilocalories per kilogram per day. The weight of the child increased during the first four months to approximately 14 grams per day, with body length increasing by about 6 millimeters per week. Six reliable measurements of the total body water of the child during the four month period were obtained using deuterium oxide dilution followed by double vacuum distillation and falling drop analysis in a constant temperature chamber. Measurements obtained showed a gradual decrease of total body water from 77.13 per cent of body weight to 60.50 per cent during the study period, with values consistently on the lower end of the spectrum of known normal controls, even during periods of increased growth rates of as much as 35 grams per day. These data on total body water, coupled with the observed gains in body weight and length, support tissue accretion rather than fluid retention as the mechanism of weight gain in long term, high volume peripheral hyperalimentation.
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PMID:Total body water changes during high volume peripheral hyperalimentation. 10 14

Home hyperalimentation is now recognized as a technique which allows patients with severe short bowel syndrome or inflammatory bowel disease to return to a near normal life style. The success of this program is dependent on the longterm use of a catheter through which intravenous fluids are infused. In the past 20 months, we have inserted 32 catheters into 22 patients for purposes of home parenteral nutrition. In a 1 to 20-month follow-up, the average duration of catheter insertion was 6 months, the longest has been 19 months in 2 patients. One patient with superior vena cava thrombosis has had a catheter inserted via a femoral vein which has been functioning well for 5 months. Thirteen catheters have been removed: 3 for obstruction, 2 for sepsis, 1 due to breakage of the catheter, 4 for slippage (3 were pulled out by the patient, and 1 was removed because of inability to psychologically accept the presence of the catheter). The removal of 6 of these 13 catheters was necessitated by breaks in the proper techniques of catheter care, which include daily dressing changes and heparinization of the catheter at least once daily. Techniques of catheter insertion and catheter care will be presented
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PMID:Exerience with the Broviac catheter for prolonged parenteral alimentation. 11 Sep 52

Zinc is an essential trace element whose malabsorption in early childhood may result in a skin disorder known as acrodermatitis enteropathica. Cutaneous lesions typical of acrodermatitis enteropathica have been described during total parenteral nutrition on zinc-deficient intravenous solutions in both adults and children. This condition has been named the "acute zinc depletion syndrome." A case is described in which a patient, despite a zinc intake of double the daily requirement, manifested the acute zinc depletion syndrome during therapy with combined liquid diet plus parenteral hyperalimentation. Predisposing factors in this individual included a short bowel syndrome and a large oral load of calcium lactate. Zinc metabolism is reviewed with attention to alterations in disease and during hyperalimentation. The clinical manifestations, predisposing factors, therapy and prevention of the acute zinc depletion syndrome are discussed.
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PMID:Acute zinc depletion syndrome during parenteral hyperalimentation. 11 98

Intestinal bypass is a reversible procedure which has been used with success in the surgical treatment of morbid obesity. Nine patients with intestinal bypass were forced to undergo reconstitution of the gastrointestinal tract due to severe symptoms of short gut syndrome. Meticulous attention to detail must be exercised in the preoperative preparation of this type of patient. Parenteral hyperalimentation may be necessary to return the patient to adequate nutrition. No attempt at revision should be made until the patient is nutritionally and metabolically reconstituted.
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PMID:Metabolic considerations in reconstitution of the small intestine after jejunoileal bypass. 81 11

This report concerns 59 infants and children with short bowel syndrome, most commonly caused by necrotizing enterocolitis in this study. Resection of atretic or gangrenous bowel was performed in 53 patients, tapering enteroplasty and primary anastomosis was performed in 13 patients, and temporary enterostomies were performed in 40 patients. Second-look laparotomy was useful in two of four cases of questionable bowel viability. The ileocecal valve was resected in 32 patients and remained intact in 27. The mean length of the remaining bowel was 58.4 cm. All patients received total parenteral nutrition and early enteral feedings. Home hyperalimentation was attempted when 50 per cent of the calorie intake was enteral. Intestinal adaptation required from 3 to 14 months. Frequent setbacks were related to catheter sepsis, rotavirus infection, carbohydrate intolerance, and liver dysfunction. The overall survival rate was 80 per cent with mortality due to sepsis associated with total parenteral nutrition and liver failure.
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PMID:Morbidity and mortality of short bowel syndrome in infancy and childhood. 174 58

Ten adult ambulatory patients with the nonactive digestive disease short bowel syndrome were prospectively studied to quantitatively assess their free oral intake and their net digestive absorption of total calories, fat, protein, and carbohydrate during a 3-day period at least 6 months after a resection. The remaining portions of small bowel had a mean length of 75 cm (range, 0-200 cm); the remaining colon lengths had a mean of 67% of normal (range, 0%-100%). The experimental diets were formulated according to a home dietary inquiry. During the study period, pooled intakes and digestive losses were measured for total calories, fat, and protein using the bomb calorimetry, Van de Kamer, and Kjeldahl techniques, respectively. The ingested diet provided 58 +/- 14 kcal.kg-1.day-1 (mean +/- SD) and consisted of 46% carbohydrate, 31% fat, and 23% protein. Net digestive absorption was 67% +/- 12% for total calories, 79% +/- 15% for carbohydrate, 52% +/- 16% for fat, and 61% +/- 19% for protein. The larger net digestive absorption of carbohydrate (P less than or equal to 0.004) compared with fat and protein suggests salvage of colonic cholesterol in short bowel syndrome patients. It is concluded that these patients with the short bowel syndrome adapted to a hypercaloric, hyperprotein diet to compensate for increased fecal losses and that this hyperphagia does not seem to have impaired their net digestive absorption.
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PMID:Intestinal absorption of free oral hyperalimentation in the very short bowel syndrome. 185 Mar 71

Intravenous lipid emulsions are an efficient source of calories, and their use prevents essential fatty acid deficiency. Their use has resulted in prolonged survival in patients with short bowel syndrome and other causes of malnutrition. Serious adverse effects have been rare with the newer lipid emulsions. A case of multiple, partially organized pulmonary lipid-fibrin emboli associated with chronic hyperalimentation is reported.
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PMID:Pulmonary lipid emboli in association with long-term hyperalimentation. 308 Mar 66

This report concerns 60 infants and children with short bowel syndrome, most commonly caused by necrotizing enterocolitis in this study. Resection of atretic or gangrenous bowel was performed in 53 patients, tapering enteroplasty and primary anastomosis was performed in 13 patients, and temporary enterostomies were performed in 40 patients. Second-look laparotomy was useful in two of four cases of questionable bowel viability. The ileocecal valve was resected in 33 patients and remained intact in 27. The mean length of remaining bowel was 58.4 cm (range 13 to 150 cm). Seven patients with total aganglionosis and mid to proximal small bowel extension were managed with an initial enterostomy, whereas three had a pull-through procedure with an aganglionic patch enteroplasty. All patients received total parenteral nutrition and early enteral feedings. Home hyperalimentation was attempted when 50 percent of the calorie intake was enteral. Intestinal adaptation required from 3 to 14 months. Frequent setbacks were related to catheter sepsis, rotavirus infection, carbohydrate intolerance, and liver dysfunction. The overall survival rate was 85 percent, with mortality due to liver failure and sepsis associated with total parenteral nutrition.
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PMID:Short bowel syndrome in infancy and childhood. Analysis of survival in 60 patients. 308 Sep 21

This is a report of the successful therapy of a case of Candida lusitaniae septicemia in a patient with short bowel syndrome who had been on home intravenous hyperalimentation for approximately 3 months when the infection developed. C. lusitaniae was isolated from multiple blood cultures taken over the course of 2 days.
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PMID:Candida lusitaniae septicemia in a patient on extended home intravenous hyperalimentation. 310 13

In order to evaluate the effects of an unrestricted, compensatory, enteral hyperalimentation in patients with short bowel syndrome, we retrospectively selected from 128 consecutive patients with extensive small bowel resection a group of 25 who developed under this regimen a massive protracted diarrhea (fecal weight 2005-6188 g/day). All the patients but one were weaned from parenteral nutrition by the eighth day after admission. Although fecal weight increased in relation to the increase of the enteral intake, there was a significant gain of body weight, serum-albumin, and creatinine-height index and an improved fluid and electrolyte balance through the period of hospitalization. By contrast, 18 of the 25 patients developed hypocalcemia and/or hypomagnesemia. After discharge (median follow-up, three years), most patients resumed normal social activity. It is concluded that exclusively enteral hyperalimentation can stabilize most patients with severe short bowel syndrome even in the case of massive fecal losses.
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PMID:Compensatory enteral hyperalimentation for management of patients with severe short bowel syndrome. 392 12


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