Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020505 (hyperphagia)
 6,116 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A prospective randomized trial was conducted comparing the addition of iv hyperalimentation (IVH) to Corynebacterium parvum, isophosphamide, and adriamycin (CIA) chemoimmunotherapy in 26 patients with extensive squamous cell lung cancer. Thirteen patients were entered in each treatment arm of the study and IVH was administered before and after the first course of CIA for a total of 31 days. The major dose-limiting toxic effect of CIA was leukopenia. Less myelosuppression was observed for the patients receiving IVH. The difference in the lowest recorded leukocyte and neutrophil counts between the two groups was significant (P = 0.03 and 0.01, respectively). Also, a significant decrease (P = 0.06) in nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy administration was found for the IVH gorup. The differences in toxic effects between each group were not maintained over subsequent courses of therapy when both groups received CIA alone. The prevention of the toxic effects of chemotherapy by IVH suggests a means of giving higher chemotherapy doses with the intent of increasing tumor response and patient survival.
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PMID:Protection against chemotherapy toxicity by IV hyperalimentation. 9 35

Changes in serum zinc and copper levels were studied in 19 tumor bearing patients undergoing parenteral nutrition (TPN) for five to 42 days. Before initiation of intravenous feeding mean serum zinc and copper concentrations were within normal limits but during TPN levels decreased significantly below those measured prior to parenteral nutrition. During TPN nitrogen, zinc, and copper intake, urinary output and serum levels were studied prospectively in nine of these patients. These nine patients exhibited positive nitrogen retention based upon urinary nitrogen excretion, but elevated urinary zinc and copper excretion and lowered serum zinc and copper concentrations. Neither blood administration nor limited oral intake was consistently able to maintain normal serum levels of zinc or copper. Zinc and copper supplementation of hyperalimentation fluids in four patients studied for five to 16 days was successful in increasing serum zinc and copper levels in only two. The data obtained suggest that patients undergoing parenteral nutrition may require supplementation of zinc and copper to prevent deficiencies of these elements.
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PMID:Abnormalities of zinc and copper during total parenteral nutrition. 10 6

In over 1000 cancer patients treated with intravenous hyperalimentation (IVH), tumor growth has not been identified and catheter-related sepsis has been minimal. Studies in rats demonstrated that the host benefits more than the tumor during nutritional repletion, and any stimulation of tumor growth in the rat-tumor model could be manipulated with DNA specific drugs to benefit the host. A study of 65 malnourished cancer patients undergoing oncologic therapy and treated with IVH indicated that much of the immune suppression in these patients was the result of malnutrition coincident with or secondary to oncologic treatment. Conclusions reached in this study were that nutritional repletion resulted in a return of skin test reactivity, proper wound healing in the surgical patient, and possibly an increase in response to chemotherapy. Certainly, the use of IVH allowed specific oncologic therapy to be administered to a group of malnourished patients who otherwise might not have been acceptable candidates for intensive antineoplastic therapy.
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PMID:Nutrition, cancer, and intravenous hyperalimentation. 10 87

Head and neck cancer patients present with special problems in nutritional homoeostasis because of local phayngeal discomfort and obstruction and difficulty with deglutition due to either the neoplasm or the surgical alterations in the upper aerodigestive tract. Pretreatment malnutrition and vitamin deficiency are only compounded by the nutritional stress imposed by radiation and surgery. Reduced wound complications occur if the patients are nutritionally replenished before treatment. While nasogastric feedings will suffice in many patients, rapid nutritional restoration by this method is limited, and positive nitrogen balance may be difficult to achieve in the severely malnourished patient. Intravenous hyperalimentation offers a rapid and efficacious alternative in selected cases. The case histories of two patients are presented to illustrate these concepts.
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PMID:Enteral and parenteral nutrition in patients with head and neck cancer. 11 4

Young BUF rats of similar ages were inoculated with the transplantable Morris hepatoma No. 7777. At 4 weeks after inoculation, 1 group was given total iv (parenteral) feeding at high caloric and nutritional levels for 2 weeks. Such total iv feeding (hyperalimentation) of rats stimulated a more rapid tumor growth in the host. In addition, the tumors from rats fed parenterally for 2 weeks had higher mitotic activity and larger areas of necrosis, which indicate that iv feeding caused the tumor to undergo faster cell turnover with greater cell production and cell loss. Analysis of organ weights showed that parenteral feeding caused atrophy of the intestines, whereas spleen weights of the hepatoma-bearing rats fed iv were greater than those of the orally fed hepatoma-bearing rats.
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PMID:Stimulation of growth of a transplantable hepatoma in rats by parenteral nutrition. 17 98

A chromophobic pituitary adenoma induced on BD IX-rats has been grafted on animals of the same strain. The transplanted tumour takes in 90-100%; it grows at a slow rate (in 7 months after grafting a weight of 7-20 g is attained). Tumour-bearing animals display gigantism and hypertrophy of adrenals; moreover, in 33% of cases, diabetes is observed. With non-diabetic animals, splenomegaly and marked leukocytosis are observed; immature white and red cells are present in the peripheral blood. Spontaneous regression of the tumour never occurs. After surgical removal, tumour regrowth and the formation of metastases are observed. Diabetes is characterised by pronounced hyperglycaemia, glucosuria, polyphagia and polydipsia. Histochemically, insulin cannot be detected in pancreas. Splenomegaly is never observed in diabetic animals. Transplanted adenoma frequently tends to stop growing. No recurrence is observable after extirpation. Spontaneous regression of the tumour sometimes occurs. Gigantism, hypertrophy of adrenals and diabetes are considered as consequences of growth hormone- and ACTH-secretion of the transplanted adenoma. At present the tumour is running in the 8th passage. It did not change its characteristics over a period of 5 years.
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PMID:Transplantable, STH-producing and diabetogenic pituitary adenoma of the BD IX-strain of rats. 17 13

Radiation therapy may induce anorexia with resultant weight loss and inanition that can limit the dose of radiation therapy administered. The purpose of this study was to evaluate 39 nutritionally-depleted patients who had a variety of malignant diseases treated with radiation therapy and concomitant nutritional support with intravenous hyperalimentation (IVH). The average dose of radiation delivered was 3827 rads in an average of 3.5 weeks. Ninety-five percent of the patients completed their planned course of radiation therapy and improved symptomatically. Fifty-four percent of the patients responded with a greater than 50% reduction in tumor size. Responding patients gained an average weight of 13.0 +/- 6.5 lbs. during IVH (av. 36.2 days) and radiation therapy (av. 3832 rads), whereas non-responding patients gained only 4.9 +/- 8.8 lbs. (p less than 0.001) during IVH (av. 42.8 days) and radiation therapy (av. 3819 rads). Serum albumin concentrations rose from 3.12 +/- 0.49 gm/100 ml to 3.51 +/- 0.68 gm/100 ml (p less than 0.05) during treatment in responding patients but did not rise significantly from 3.09 +/- 0.48 gm/100 ml in non-responding patients. In conclusion, IVH allowed a planned course of radiation therapy to be delivered to a group of poor-risk, malnourished cancer patients, and a positive correlation between tumor response and nutritional status was identified. Moreover, IVH was a valuable adjunct in the treatment of six patients who had enteric fistulas that originated from radiated bowel.
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PMID:Intravenous hyperalimentation as an adjunct to radiation therapy. 40 85

If a patient is expected to respond optimally to one or more forms of oncologic therapy, he should simultaneously be in the best possible nutritional and metabolic condition. When the alimentary tract cannot be used effectively for feeding cancer patients, parenteral nutrition can be lifesaving. Moreover, patients who are poor candidates or noncandidates for any antineoplastic therapy because of their debility or cachexia can be converted to reasonable candidates following a course of i.v. hyperalimentation. This i.v. hyperalimentation can significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality of cancer patients without stimulating tumor growth when applied conscientiously according to the established principles and techniques and when integrated with specific tumor therapy. With the use of ambulatory or home hyperalimentation techniques, normal nutritional status can be restored or maintained during prolonged periods of antineoplastic therapy on a practical and relatively economical outpatient basis. It is anticipated that specific nutrient substrate formulas and parenteral therapy techniques will be developed to maintain optimal host nutrition while adversely affecting the neoplasm.
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PMID:Parenteral nutrition techniques in cancer patients. 40 99

Six patients who originally received radiotherapy for Hodgkin's disease or primary gastric lymphoma developed radiation injury of the stomach requiring surgical management. Only two of these patients had evidence of gastric neoplastic involvement at the time of treatment. Experience with these patients leads us to draw the following conclusions: (1) Symptoms of radiation injury mimic those of recurrent neoplastic disease. (2) The effects of radiation are progressive and may be resistant to medical management. (3) The indications for surgical management include perforation, hemorrhage, obstruction, intractable pain, fistula formation, and inability to rule out recurrence. (4) Parenteral hyperalimentation can be an important adjunct in preparing debilitated patients for operation. (5) Gastric resection with gastrojejunostomy is the preferred operation. (6) Frozen section examination can be useful in determining the proper level of resection.
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PMID:Gastric complications after radiotherapy for Hodgkin's disease and other lymphomas. 57 92

A 36 per cent response rate was obtained in fifty-eight nutritionally depleted patients with cancer who would otherwise have been denied adequate antitumor therapy because of the fear of complications from malnutrition and inanition. A positive correlation between the nutritional status of the patient and the chemotherapeutic tumor response was identified. Intravenous hyperalimentation can be a valuable adjunct to cancer chemotherapy by improving the nutritional status, increasing the total deliverable dose of anticancer agent per unit of time, and reducing the incidence and severity of the toxic gastrointestinal side effects without adversely stimulating malignant cell growth or producing septic complications.
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PMID:Intravenous hyperalimentation as an adjunct to cancer chemotherapy. 80 73


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