Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020505 (hyperphagia)
 6,116 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty patients were selected for a prospective study according to two criteria: (i) an irresistible urge to overeat (bulimia nervosa), followed by self-induced vomiting or purging; (ii) a morbid fear of becoming fat. The majority of the patients had a previous history of true or cryptic anorexia nervosa. Self-induced vomiting and purging are secondary devices used by the patients to counteract the effects of overeating and prevent a gain in weight. These devices are dangerous for they are habit-forming and lead to potassium loss and other physical complications. In common with true anorexia nervosa, the patients were determined to keep their weight below a self-imposed threshold. Its level was set below the patient's healthy weight, defined as the weight reached before the onset of the eating disorder. In contrast with true anorexia nervosa, the patients tended to be heavier, more active sexually, and more likely to menstruate regularly and remain fertile. Depressive symptoms were often severe and distressing and led to a high risk of suicide. A theoretical model is described to emphasize the interdependence of the various symptoms and the role of self-perpetuating mechanisms in the maintenance of the disorder. The main aims of treatment are (i) to interrupt the vicious circle of overeating and self-induced vomiting (or purging), (ii) to persuade the patients to accept a higher weight. Prognosis appears less favourable than in uncomplicated anorexia nervosa.
 ...
PMID:Bulimia nervosa: an ominous variant of anorexia nervosa. 48 66

A general population sample of 100 primigravid women was studied prospectively to describe the changes in eating that occur in pregnancy with particular reference to cravings and aversions and the behavior and attitudes characteristic of clinical eating disorders. Assessment was by standardized interview. Dietary cravings and aversions were found to be common and largely confined to early pregnancy. Eating disorder features decreased in severity early in pregnancy but increased later on. Dietary cravings rarely resulted in episodes of overeating like those seen in patients with eating disorders. In this study of a general population sample, no evidence was found of a relationship between pregnancy outcome and the severity of eating disorder features prior to pregnancy.
 ...
PMID:Eating habits and eating disorders during pregnancy. 145 60

Persons who contacted the Anorexia/Bulimia Association of Norway for information and stated that they had an eating disorder were asked to participate in this questionnaire study. The answers from the 32 women who fulfilled the DSM-III-R criteria for bulimia nervosa are presented. Usually the women's eating problems had started in the teens after a period of voluntary dieting. The mean duration of bulimia nervosa was six years. 31% had a history of anorexia nervosa. At the time of the study almost all had normal body weight, but nevertheless felt overweight. 78% practised self-induced vomiting, 22% used laxatives and 16% used diuretics to reduce weight. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were common in connection with the overeating episodes, but also more generally, which interfered with everyday life. Somatic symptoms (abdominal pain, diarrhoea, constipation, dyspepsia, headache, dry mouth and eyes, parotid gland swelling, muscular symptoms, fatigue, and oligomenorrhoea) were also common.
 ...
PMID:[Bulimia nervosa and self-reported symptoms. A questionnaire study among 32 women with bulimia nervosa]. 147 Nov 6

This study examined the relationship between alcohol abuse and disordered eating among university females. Alcohol abuse was assessed using the alcohol abuse scale of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory, and disordered eating was assessed using the Eating Disorder Inventory. Of the females who reported frequent episodes of uncontrollable overeating, those who frequently used alcohol were generally dissatisfied with themselves, and those who infrequently used alcohol were generally dissatisfied with others. Females who scored high on alcohol abuse differed from those who scored low by reporting behaviors similar to those identified among women who are substance abusers. Results indicate a possible relationship between alcohol use and disordered eating among university females.
 ...
PMID:Alcohol use among university females: relationship to eating disordered behavior. 272 54

Based on laboratory results, restrained eating has been linked to the development of binge eating and eating disorder syndromes such as bulimia nervosa. This study was designed to extend the scope of investigation of the concept of restrained eating beyond the laboratory. Eating behavior and biochemical indices of nutritional state were investigated in 60 young women, who were divided in restrained and unrestrained eaters by questionnaire. Seven-day records of food intake showed that the high-restraint group ate around 400 kcal a day fewer than the low-restraint group. Group differences in actual macronutrient intake and long-term food preferences pointed to a qualitatively altered eating pattern in restrained eaters. Actual protein portion was higher in restrained eaters. They tried to avoid calorie dense food items of high carbohydrate and fat content. Instead, they preferred food regarded as low-caloric and healthy. Plasma levels of triiodothyronine and glucose, which could be taken as indices of long-term adaptation to starvation, were not decreased in the high-restraint group. However, significantly higher levels of triglycerides in restrained eaters may reflect a biological state due to short-term starvation. The results indicate that the concept of dietary restraint predicts eating behavior not only under experimental conditions, but also in normal life. As a consequence of altered eating patterns, psychological and physiological deprivation can be hypothesized in restrained eaters, making them prone to the occurrence of overeating.
 ...
PMID:Behavioral and biological correlates of dietary restraint in normal life. 276 57

A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of d-fenfluramine in bulimia nervosa was undertaken in order to assess its efficacy in controlling bulimic behavior and relieving more general symptoms. A high proportion of the patients evaluated were reluctant to enter the drug trial in spite of the offer of additional supportive psychotherapy and counselling on dietary control. Moreover, 17 out of the 42 enrolled patients withdrew halfway through the 12 week trial. Were it not for this high rate of defaulting, there might be clearer support for the efficacy of d-fenfluramine in reducing the frequency of overeating and self-induced vomiting in these bulimic patients. An unexpected finding was that among the noncompleters, those on d-fenfluramine had experienced relief of their bulimic symptoms. The persistence of depressive symptoms and features of the eating disorder probably contributed to the noncompleters leaving the trial. Reassuring findings were the absence of weight loss and serious unwanted effects from d-fenfluramine. By itself, d-fenfluramine did not benefit some of the patients with severe bulimia nervosa, but it may yet prove a useful adjunct to psychological treatments.
 ...
PMID:A controlled trial of d-fenfluramine in bulimia nervosa. 305 13

Bulimia is an eating disorder characterized by episodic, uncontrollable overeating and frequently by purging after binges. It appears to afflict approximately 5 percent of female college students in the United States. Most sufferers are high-achieving but passive and unassertive young women from similarly high-achieving but disorganized families. Confusion over social roles for women is common in bulimic patients. Bulimia shows a strong association with affective disorders; depression is common in both bulimic patients and their close family members. Bulimic patients seem to have a pronounced affective vulnerability to rejection, loss, and failure. Bulimia presents a special diagnostic challenge to the primary care physician because of the paucity of clues provided by a typical review of systems and a physical examination, even a very thorough one. Making the diagnosis requires persistent and thorough history-gathering and is best accomplished through special attention to the psychosocial history (particularly history of depression and substance abuse, family dynamics, and recent stressors) as well as pointed questioning regarding eating behavior. Because of the severe, potentially lethal complications that may attend bulimia (including fluid and electrolyte imbalance, cardiac conduction abnormalities, gastric rupture, pneumonia), diagnosis and appropriate referral by the primary care physician may have a critical impact on the patient's life and health.
 ...
PMID:Bulimia: diagnosis and management in the primary care setting. 354

A young adolescent girl (13.5 years old) with a compulsive eating disorder and gross obesity was treated with a combination of behavior therapy and fenfluramine (Ponderax). The behavior modification program used was adapted from Reiss's program, an approach that had proven effective in individuals with hyperphagia and overweight who had no additional emotional problems or brain damage. In our patient the problem was complicated by the presence of autism, with compulsive eating being particularly ingrained as a form of stereotyped behavior. We therefore decided to administer fenfluramine concurrently because it is known to have both an appetite-depressing effect and a positive effect on behavioral disturbances characteristic of autistic individuals. During inpatient treatment the girl lost weight and showed changes in behavior. The changed eating behavior was still being maintained many months after discharge and after fenfluramine had been discontinued. We assume that drug treatment provided an important kind of support for the behavioral treatment program. Further, we attribute the emotional stabilization in this autistic girl to fenfluramine. We now plan to extend this treatment approach to other subjects with similar problems.
 ...
PMID:[Treatment of compulsive eating disorders in an autistic girl by combining behavior therapy and pharmacotherapy. Case report]. 376 95

The first 95 patients admitted to an inpatient Eating Disorders Program and diagnosed as having bulimia (binge eating only), bulimarexia (binging and purging), and anorexia nervosa (food restriction only) were evaluated for depression, suicidality, and family history. Major depression was found in 80% of patients; 20% had made suicide attempts in their life; and 40% of those attempting suicide made potentially lethal attempts. Patients with anorexia and bulimarexia tended to be younger, single, and Protestant. Patients with bulimarexia had overeating, oversleeping, more preoccupation with suicide, and more depression in their mothers. Patients with anorexia had more relatives with anorexia and bulimarexia, and patients with bulimia had more relatives with obesity. These findings suggest that eating disorders are unique disorders and not variants of affective disorder or alcoholism.
 ...
PMID:Depression and suicidality in eating disorders. 385 65

Bulimia is an episodic compulsive urge to overeat often followed by recurrent attempts to lose weight by self-induced vomiting. Seven young women with this eating disorder and associated benign bilateral painless parotid enlargement are described. The glandular swelling was generally intermittent, with parotid enlargement usually developing 2 to 6 days after a binge overeating episode had stopped. Several had hypokalemic alkalosis and a moderate elevation in serum amylase levels. None had clinical evidence of pancreatitis, and a parotid gland biopsy in one patient was normal. The clinician should be alerted to the association of benign parotid enlargement with this syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Benign parotid enlargement in bulimia. 616 Jul 96


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>