Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020505 (hyperphagia)
 6,116 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The frequency of severe reactions to allopurinol has probably been underestimated. A retrospective study encompassing a five-year period has yielded 20 patients with severe hypersensitivity reactions to allopurinol. Patients with preexisting renal impairment or who were receiving concomitant thiazide diuretics appeared to be especially predisposed. Cutaneous reaction patterns included maculopapular eruptions, exfoliative dermatitis, and toxic epidermal necrolysis. eosinophilia was uncommon. Forty percent of the patients developed hepatic involvement and 45% had renal involvement. Hepatic and renal changes usually were reversible and were not unique to any one cutaneous reaction pattern. Three patients with renal involvement required prolonged administration of systemic steroids. Complications included sepsis, decubitus ulcers, and thromboembolism. Two patients required hyperalimentation. Sequelae included dry eyes, pigmentary disturbances, and keloids. Three patients died as a result of their reaction. It is concluded that allopurinol should be used only in select patients, and the dosage should be modified if renal disease exists.
 ...
PMID:Severe hypersensitivity reactions to allopurinol. 15 91

In the early 1980's methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was reported as a major pathogenic organism of geriatric hospital infection in Japan. At the same time in the A geriatric hospital MRSA infection was prevalent. To decrease nosocomial infections some active preventive measures against hospital infection were taken since Oct. 1991. About a year before introduction of prevention of hospital infection in the geriatric ward (190 beds) of A hospital 193 episodes of nosocomial bacteremia were observed. However a year after introduction of preventive measures episodes of nosocomial bacteremia were decreased to less than a half (45.6%) in comparison to the number before introduction of prevention. As a causative organism gram-positive bacteria including MRSA were markedly decreased. Major portals of entry of bacteremia (74.9%) were urinary-tract system, intravenous hyperalimentation (IVH) catheter, and pressure sores. MRSA-positive pressure sores were decreased to 20.4% of those before prevention. On the other hand 87 episodes of nosocomial pneumonia were observed before prevention. However a year after introduction of preventive measures episodes of nosocomial pneumonia were decreased to less than a half (44.8%) in comparison to the number before introduction of prevention. After prevention MRSA and mixed infection of P. aeruginosa and MRSA were markedly decreased. The decrease of bacteremia and nosocomial pneumonia were caused by cleaning hands, the preventive measures for decrease and improvement of pressure sores, cleaning the upper respiratory tract for prevention of lower respiratory-tract infection cleaning floors and education of the staff, etc.
 ...
PMID:[Decrease of nosocomial bacteremia and nosocomial pneumonia after introduction of preventive measures of hospital infection]. 775 46

The mechanism of nosocomial respiratory infections caused by MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) in geriatric patients was investigated. Seriously ill patients (SIP) undergoing naso-gastric tube feeding or intravenous hyperalimentation and moderately ill patients (MIP) who were orally fed, were examined for their colonization and infection by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in the respiratory tract. Colonization of MRSA in the upper respiratory tract in SIP was from six to ten times higher than that in MIP and was associated with a high incidence of MRSA pulmonary infections. In vitro S. aureus adherence to nasal or oropharyngeal cells demonstrated that bacteria binding to nasal cells was higher, which probably can be interpreted as an elevated occurrence of S. aureus colonization in the nasal cavity than in the throat. The binding activity of MRSA was not superior to that of MSSA (methicillin-sensitive S. aureus). Though MRSA binding to the nasal cells from SIP was not higher than those from MIP, MRSA colonization in the upper respiratory tract was more frequently seen in SIP (P < 0.01). A higher incidence of total infectious episodes (P < 0.02-0.001) and more frequent use of antibiotics (P < 0.02-0.001), which were potent against MSSA might be the basis for selection of MRSA in these patients. In fact, the rate of MRSA colonization on the skin (pressure sores) was also higher in SIP (P < 0.01). A low nutritional state in SIP (P < 0.01-0.02) might also be associated with MRSA colonization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:The role of MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) adherence and colonization in the upper respiratory tract of geriatric patients in nosocomial pulmonary infections. 779 33

A 51-year-old man with poliomyelitis was admitted to emergency because of a severe decubitus ulcer on his right hip that was associated with infection. His general condition deteriorated and he was malnourished and dehydrated. Despite adequate hyperalimentation and antibiotic administration, laboratory data indicated pancytopenia 4 days later. He was diagnosed as having secondary hemophagocytosis (HPS) associated with methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus sepsis due to decubitus inflammation based on bone marrow aspiration and a blood culture. Although granulocyte colony stimulating factor, packed red blood cell transfusions, platelet transfusions, and antibiotics gradually improved the pancytopenia, the patient died of massive gastrointestinal tract bleeding.
 ...
PMID:Secondary hemophagocytic syndrome in a patient with methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus Aureus bacteremia due to severe decubitus ulcer. 1659 99