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Query: UMLS:C0020505 (hyperphagia)
 6,116 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Obesity is a serious health problem among women across the life span. Although people can become obese at any age, there is a large proportion of older women who have been obese since childhood. The purpose of this study was to determine whether postmenopausal women with an early versus late onset of obesity manifested differences in body habitus, eating behaviors, and mood. One hundred thirty-five postmenopausal women with obesity responded to self-report questionnaires on weight history, weight loss and maintenance expectancy, eating behaviors, and mood. Women with an early onset of obesity had a significantly higher body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and highest attained adult body weight than women with a late onset of obesity. They had attempted a significantly larger number of diets and had lost more weight on any single diet. The groups also differed significantly on binge eating and overeating in response to negative affect. There was a tendency for women with an early onset to have more depressive and anxious symptoms. Postmenopausal women with an early onset of obesity differed physiologically and psychologically from those with a late onset. Tailoring dietary and behavioral interventions to profiles of postmenopausal women based on onset of obesity may improve the overall efficacy of weight loss programs.
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PMID:A profile of early versus late onset of obesity in postmenopausal women. 1110 1

Two patients are described in whom surgical removal of craniopharyngioma was followed by severe hyperphagia and morbid obesity. Similarities and differences are analysed, consequences for outcome of surgery and prognosis. Some biological ethiological factors implied in hyperphagia are commented and their relationship with bulimia are reviewed.
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PMID:[Craniopharyngioma and eating disorders: report of two cases]. 1133 33

The authors compared 3 methods for assessing the features of eating disorders in patients with binge eating disorder (BED). Participants were administered the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) interview and completed the EDE Questionnaire (EDE-Q) at baseline. Participants prospectively self-monitored their eating behaviors daily for 4 weeks and then completed another EDE-Q. The EDE and the EDE-Q were significantly correlated on frequencies of objective bulimic episodes (binge eating) and on the Dietary Restraint, Eating Concern, Weight Concern, and Shape Concern subscales. Mean differences in the EDE and EDE-Q frequencies of objective bulimic episodes were not significant, but scores on the 4 subscales differed significantly, with the EDE-Q yielding higher scores. At 4 weeks, the EDE-Q retrospective 28-day assessment was significantly correlated with the prospective daily self-monitoring records for frequency of objective bulimic episodes, and the mean difference between methods was not significant. The EDE-Q and self-monitoring findings for subjective bulimic episodes and objective overeating differed significantly. Thus, in patients with BED, the 3 assessment methods showed some acceptable convergence, most notably for objective bulimic episodes.
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PMID:A comparison of different methods for assessing the features of eating disorders in patients with binge eating disorder. 1139 8

We studied a wide variety of medical publications to find out whether late-nineteenth-century nervous or hysterial vomiting was clinically consistent with modern bulima nervosa. Since modern diagnostic criteria of bulimia nervosa my be time- and culture-bound, we made use of adapted criteria, focusing on the more overt, physical and behavioural features of the syndrome. In retrospect, it became obvious that only some of these specific diagnostic requirements were met. Indeed, late-nineteenth-century nervous or hysterical vomiters most likely have been non-organically-ill neurotics. However, their disorder was more closely associated with food abstinence in general and anorexia nervosa in particular than with overeating. Only in a few cases doctors made mention of recurrent episodes of binge eating, but there was no convincing evidence of any concern for body shape and weight. Obviously, late-nineteenth-century nervous or hysterial vomiting was still located at the crossing between classic hysteria, the 'new' clinical entity of anorexia nervosa, and forms of psychogenic vomiting.
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PMID:Was late-nineteenth-century nervous vomiting an early variant of bulimia nervosa? 1163 51

Effects of the 5-HT2C2/2B receptor agonist m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) on hyperphagia elicited by 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) were investigated in rats. mCPP apparently reduced 2-DG-induced hyperphagia. Suppressive effects of mCPP on hyperphagia induced by 2-DG were inhibited by the 5-HT2A/2B/2C receptor antagonist, ritanserin, although the 5-HT2, receptor antagonist ketanserin was without effect. Thus, inhibitory effects of mCPP on 2-DG-induced hyperphagia are mediated by the 5-HT2C/2B receptor. Our results demonstrate that mCPP can inhibit the bulimia model, 2-DG-induced hyperphagia.
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PMID:The 5-HT2C/2B receptor agonist m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) inhibits 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG)-induced hyperphagia in rats. 1176 17

Matching behavioral treatment programs to different types of obese clients is a rarely studied strategy, thus guidelines for identifying who might benefit most from which program remain elusive. This study categorized the weight control self-efficacy beliefs of obese, postmenopausal women, and determined the effects of self-efficacy targeted versus non-targeted (control) treatment on weight loss outcomes (body habitus, physical conditioning, affect, and eating behaviors). Obese (BMI 33 +/- 5), postmenopausal (60 +/- 6 years old) women (n = 59) participated in a 6-month weight loss program. The 37 women categorized by Q methodology as Assured (self-confident, independent) were randomized to Assured (AT) or Non-Targeted (NT) treatment; the 22 Disbelievers (doubtful, wavering) were randomized to Disbeliever (DT) or NT treatment. At baseline, the Assureds had significantly smaller body girths and reported significantly greater self-esteem, fewer symptoms of binge eating, and less negative affect overeating than the Disbelievers. Improvement in these variables with weight loss erased significant differences between the groups and was a desired outcome. Treatment delivery type may have influenced attrition rate, since significantly more Assureds dropped from NT than AT and significantly more Disbelievers dropped from DT than NT. Thus, the self-efficacy type may serve as a means to identify different types of treatment needs (flexible vs. rigid) to sustain women's adherence and success in the program. The significant weight loss outcomes for women in all groups argues for the incorporation of strategies to enhance self-efficacy but not the need for specific treatments that directly target self-efficacy types.
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PMID:Self-efficacy targeted treatments for weight loss in postmenopausal women. 1187 84

Dieting and stress are important in the etiology and maintenance of eating disorders, and dieting strongly predicts stress-induced overeating in humans. We hypothesized that caloric restriction and stress interact in a unique manner to promote binge eating. To test this hypothesis, a group of young female rats were cycled through a restriction period (4 days of 66% of control food intake) followed by 6 days of free feeding prior to being stressed by acute foot shock. After three of these cycles, the food intake of rats exposed only to restriction (R), or only to stress (S), did not differ from controls. However, R+S rats that were restricted and refed, despite normal body weight and food intake after free feeding, engaged in a powerful bout of hyperphagia when stressed (Experiment 1). The R + S effect was replicated in an older group of rats (Experiment 2). The hyperphagia was characteristically binge-like, it constituted a 40% selective increase in highly palatable (HP) food (P < .001) over a discrete period of time (within 24 h post-stress), and reflected feeding for reward (higher HP:chow ratio) over metabolic need as occurred after restriction (higher chow:HP ratio). Subsequent experiments revealed that binge eating did not occur if only chow was available (Experiment 3) or if restriction-refeeding (R-R) did not proximally precede stress (Experiment 4). Experiment 5 revealed that a history of R-R cycles followed by only one stress episode was sufficient to increase intake to 53% above controls as early as 2 h after stress (P < .001). This animal model of binge eating should facilitate investigations into the neurochemical changes induced by dieting and environmental stress to produce disordered eating and provide a preclinical tool to test preventive strategies and treatments more relevant to bulimia nervosa, multiple cases of binge eating disorder (BED) and binge-purge type anorexia nervosa.
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PMID:A new animal model of binge eating: key synergistic role of past caloric restriction and stress. 1221 1

As science and medicine enter the new millennium, the influences of genetics and neurochemistry as high-risk determinants in the etiology and development of eating disorders are increasingly manifest in professional literature. Eating disorders are now recognized as major medical and psychiatric problems affecting millions throughout the world. Psychoeducational, cognitive, behavioral, and psychopharmacologic treatments form the basis of most interventions which, for the most part, tend to view the eating disorder as a symptom of underlying psychopathology. The Israel Counseling and Treatment Center of the North has been treating eating disorders as addictive disease by applying the twelve step program of the Anonymous Fellowships as an adjunct to counseling and treatment for those who suffer from compulsive overeating and bulimia. Following the ongoing program of interventions with adults, a counseling group for adolescent females was co-facilitated under the supervision of the author. A co-therapist, in recovery from bulimia and comulsive overeating, uses the twelve step philosophy and served as a role model in this group intervention. Another sample of adolescent females was offered individual counseling adhering to the same addiction treatment approach. Success rates were operationally defined and measured by weight loss in the obese population and the cessation of purging behaviors among bulimic subjects for a six-month period. The two adolescent treatment samples had success rates of 62% and 33% respectively. A higher success rate of 71% was observed with adult bulimic females who participated in group counseling. A mean weight loss of 3.9 kg for the small sample of adolescents and a 9.7 kg. mean weight loss for obese adults in treatment was reported. The theoretical basis of the addiction treatment paradigm for eating disorders is presented. Results and problems encountered specific to treating the adolescent population are discussed.
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PMID:The treatment of eating disorders as addiction among adolescent females. 1261 9

The diagnostic concept of binge eating disorder (BED) was introduced in response to the clinical observation of Stunkard (1959) that some people with obesity have recurrent episodes of binge eating. We suggest that the DSM-IV concept of BED has resulted in the recruitment of heterogeneous research samples, amongst which are some people with BED, as described by Stunkard, some with bulimia nervosa, some with other types of eating disorder, and some with no eating disorder. We consider the difficulties distinguishing BED from other forms of overeating, especially in patients with obesity, and from nonpurging bulimia nervosa. We propose revised diagnostic criteria for BED and bulimia nervosa that are designed to minimize these problems.
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PMID:Refining the definition of binge eating disorder and nonpurging bulimia nervosa. 1290 Sep 89

This study examined eating-disordered pathology in relation to psychopathology and adiposity in 162 non-treatment-seeking overweight (OW) and normal weight (NW) children, ages 6-13 years. Participants experienced objective or subjective binge eating (S/OBE; loss-of-control eating), objective overeating (OO), or no episodes (NE). OW children experienced significantly higher eating-disordered cognitions and behaviors than NW children and more behavior problems than NW children: 9.3% endorsed S/OBEs, 20.4% reported OOs, and 70.4% reported NEs. OW children reported S/OBEs more frequently than did NW children (p =.01), but similar percentages endorsed OOs. S/OBE children experienced greater eating-disordered cognitions (ps from <.05 to <.01) and had higher body fat (p <.05) than OOs or NEs. OOs are common in childhood, but S/OBEs are more prevalent in OW children and associated with increased adiposity and eating-disordered cognitions.
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PMID:Eating-disordered behaviors, body fat, and psychopathology in overweight and normal-weight children. 1475 14


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