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Query: UMLS:C0020505 (hyperphagia)
 6,116 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hypophosphatemia with or without phosphorus depletion can be observed in various diseases--particularly diabetic ketoacidosis, respiratory alkalosis, alcoholism, parenteral nutrition and hyperalimentation--and may cause serious neurologic, muscular, and hematologic disorders. This review summarizes the knowledges about hypophosphatemia--etiological mechanisms, pathophysiology and therapeutic modalities--and suggests that some place be reserved for serum phosphate in systematic and emergency panels of blood tests.
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PMID:[Hypophosphatemia. A review (author's transl)]. 11 83

Diseases due to faulty behavior patterns injurious to health-- overeating, alcoholism and nicotine abuse -- are increasing ominously in our consumer society. Those with labile attitudes gather together in courses of treatment and in hospitals where they are usually treated symptomatically and perhaps also given more or less basic information on risk factors. A behavior-therapy effect is, however, only attainable in many cases through the additional longterm experience guidance in self-experienced groups. An appropriate motivation should be attempted by psychotherapeutic methods in the internist hospital treatment which so often comes first and by the occupational therapy institutions in the not frequent criminal offence. Prophylactically we need a medical pedagogic health education from infancy onwards.
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PMID:[Health education and personal therapy in self-provoked diseases (author's transl)]. 40 54

Two alcoholic patients were supported with hyperalimentation therapy during the management of complicated surgical problems. Folate deficiency was documented after ten and two weeks of intravenous feeding. One patient developed severe pancytopenia. Folic acid treatment resulted in hematologic recovery in both cases. Early development of folate deficiency in these patients seems to be related to multiple factors, viz., poor folate stores related to chronic alcoholism, poor dietary intake before and during the hospitalization, infection, prolonged gastric suction, and lack of folate in the intravenous hyperalimentation fluids. Rationale for the supplementation of folates in such patients is discussed.
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PMID:Folate deficiency during intravenous hyperalimentation. 41 1

Hypophosphatemia is common in hospitalized patients and occurs under a variety of circumstances other than parathyroid hormone excess. Charts of 100 inpatients with hypophosphatemia were reviewed and the patients divided into five groups on the basis of serum phosphate level: 18, 2.1 to 2.4 mg/dL; 49, 1.6 to 2.0 mg/dL; 20, 1.1 to 1.5 mg/dL; 12, 0.6 to 1.0 mg/dL; 1, 0.1 to 0.5 mg/dL. The effect of glucose ingestion on serum phosphate level was shown in one normal patient. Whenever carbohydrate was administered intravenously (45 cases), this was considered the primary cause of the hypophosphatemia. Other causes were as follows: diuretics, hyperalimentation, alcoholism, respiratory alkalosis, dialysis, insulin, corticosteroids, diabetic ketoacidosis, vomiting, phosphate-binding antacid, Gram-negative sepsis, primary hyperparathyroidism, saline, epinephrine, gastrointestinal malabsorption, and unknown. Hypophosphatemia in hospitalized patients may have multiple causes.
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PMID:Hypophosphatemia in hospitalized patients. 44 90

There exist certain pathological eating behaviors (they deviate from the usual eating pattern in a given environment; ex.: hyperphagia, alcoholism, bulimia, nibbling sweets, etc.): there also exist certain pathogenic, though not pathological, eating behaviors (a "normal" behavior may induce an affection in given subjects; ex.: obesity in subjects with a normal caloric intake, hypercholesterolemia in subjects with a normal lipid intake, etc.). In the perspective of Public Health, the field of pathological behavior calls for specialized individual interventions, which can sometimes serve as research models; but the field of pathogenic behavior is now such a widespread social phenomenon (50% of the female population wishes to reduce, 50% of the male population dies from alimentary-linked cardiovascular diseases) that it must be systematically investigated. Such investigations would require: 1. A typology assessing the effectiveness of all the techniques aimed at a modification of eating behavior, whether preventive or therapeutic (through information, pressure, learning); 2. A typology of the resistance to change, whether physiological, psychological or psychosocial. A study of both typologies is necessary since until now all the attempts to induce a population as a whole to renounce food plethora have been unsuccessful, except when imposed by economic or political motivations. Moreover, in a society oriented toward consuming, a change in eating behaviors must be "consumable", that is, at once adequate and gratifying, in order to be accepted.
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PMID:[Resistance to modification of dietary behavior]. 80 Jul 13

Although abdominal candidiasis in critically ill surgical patients is becoming increasingly common, optimal management has not been defined. We treated 16 patients with abdominal candidiasis over a 36 month period. Violation of the gastrointestinal tract mucosa was the most common precipitating event (13 patients). Predisposing factors included: CVP catheters, broad spectrum antibiotics, and parenteral hyperalimentation in all patients, H2-blockers/antacids in 14 patients, as well as malnutrition (7 patients), DM (3 patients), alcoholism (3 patients), and steroids/chemotherapy (3 patients). Candida was isolated from an abscess in seven patients, peritoneal fluid in six patients and both in three patients. In four patients abdominal candidiasis was preceded by positive cultures from blood or two peripheral sites which had not been treated. All patients were treated with amphotericin B (146-4000 mg) without any major adverse effects. Fungal infection was eradicated in ten patients; three patients succumbed to candidiasis. Patients treated within seven days required less Amphotericin B and appeared to have a better outcome than those having delayed treatment. The authors conclude that abdominal candidiasis is a potentially lethal infection in critically ill surgical patients that should be aggressively treated. Amphotericin B can be safely administered and concurrent antibiotics need not be stopped.
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PMID:Abdominal candidiasis in surgical patients. 291 8

The utility of bipolar type II affective disorder subgrouping is discussed. There is low diagnostic agreement among clinicians for this putative condition. However, the clustering of cases in families and the poor response to standard treatments suggest that it is a distinct subgroup. The clinical features of the depressive phase of this condition including chronicity, intermittency, hyperphagia, hypersomnia, and reactivity relate it to the constructs of "hysteroid dysphoria," atypical depression, and seasonal affective disorder. Its association to several abnormal motivated behaviors such as alcoholism and eating disorders allows the speculation that a distinct morbid mechanism involving serotonin may underlie it and that new serotonin reuptake blocking drugs may be useful in treating it. Finally, the genetic identity of this subgroup in all likelihood will be established or rejected by genetic linkage studies utilizing the restriction fragment length polymorphism map of the genome.
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PMID:Therapeutic and genetic prospects of an atypical affective disorder. 332 66

The development of direct serotonin agonists, selective inhibitors of serotonin uptake, serotonin receptor antagonists, and other drugs affecting serotonergic function has aided the study of physiologic functions of brain serotonin neurons in laboratory animals and the recognition and classification of serotonin receptor subtypes. Agents of these types are real or potential drugs for the treatment of psychiatric disorders (e.g., depression) and other disorders such as overeating, alcoholism, myoclonus, and chronic pain. In addition, the agents may permit assessment of the functional state of brain serotonin receptors in humans.
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PMID:Pharmacologic modification of serotonergic function: drugs for the study and treatment of psychiatric and other disorders. 351 85

The first 95 patients admitted to an inpatient Eating Disorders Program and diagnosed as having bulimia (binge eating only), bulimarexia (binging and purging), and anorexia nervosa (food restriction only) were evaluated for depression, suicidality, and family history. Major depression was found in 80% of patients; 20% had made suicide attempts in their life; and 40% of those attempting suicide made potentially lethal attempts. Patients with anorexia and bulimarexia tended to be younger, single, and Protestant. Patients with bulimarexia had overeating, oversleeping, more preoccupation with suicide, and more depression in their mothers. Patients with anorexia had more relatives with anorexia and bulimarexia, and patients with bulimia had more relatives with obesity. These findings suggest that eating disorders are unique disorders and not variants of affective disorder or alcoholism.
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PMID:Depression and suicidality in eating disorders. 385 65

Physical activity may indirectly influence health behaviors such as overeating, smoking, substance abuse, stress management, risk taking, and others. Substantial evidence indicates that physical activity is positively associated with weight control and caloric intake. The data weakly support the hypothesis that physical activity and smoking are negatively associated. Few data are available to evaluate the association between activity and alcohol consumption, alcoholism, substance abuse, stress management, preventive health behaviors, and risk-taking behavior.
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PMID:Relationships between exercise or physical activity and other health behaviors. 392 Jul 15


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