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Query: UMLS:C0020500 (hyperoxaluria)
 912 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. Vitamin D seems to play an essential role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic hypercalciuria at least in part via intestinal hyperabsorption of calcium. Hyperabsorption of calcium, in turn, might enhance the intestinal uptake of free oxalate, thus leading to hyperoxaluria. To verify this hypothesis we studied 75 calcium-stone-formers subdivided as follows: group 1 (15 patients) with isolated hyperoxaluria; group 2 (25 patients) with hyperoxaluria and hypercalciuria; group 3 (22 patients) with isolated hypercalciuria; group 4 (12 patients) with no metabolic abnormalities. 2. As expected, urinary calcium excretion differed in the various groups (P < 0.001), being highest in groups 2 and 3; urinary oxalate excretion, by definition highest in groups 1 and 2, was even more pronounced in group 2 than in group 1 (P < 0.05). Although in the normal range, the serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentration was higher (P < 0.001) in the two hypercalciuric groups (2 and 3), showing peak levels in group 2. 3. When the data from the 75 stone-formers were pooled, there was a positive correlation between the serum concentration of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and urinary calcium excretion (P < 0.001) and urinary oxalate excretion (P < 0.003), the latter relationship also being present when only the two hypercalciuric groups (groups 2 and 3) were considered together (P < 0.05). 4. Our data seem to confirm a relevant role for the vitamin D system in the pathogenesis of calcium nephrolithiasis due to increased intestinal calcium absorption, but also because this in turn induces a greater intestinal absorption of oxalate, thus leading to the occurrence or exacerbation of hyperoxaluria.
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PMID:Possible link between vitamin D and hyperoxaluria in patients with renal stone disease. 838 34

Nephrocalcinosis (NC) is defined as deposition of calcium crystals in the renal parenchyma and tubules. This is a retrospective review of all the data of 63 children presented to Pediatric Nephrology Clinic at King Hussein Medical Center (KHMC) over a 15-year period with bilateral NC. We determine their causes, clinical presentation and evaluate their growth and renal function during their follow-up. Thirty-five (55.5%) cases were males and 28 (44.5%) were females. The median (range) age at presentation was four (2-192) months. The most common leading cause to NC was hereditary tubulopathy in 48% followed by hyperoxaluria in 35%. The cause of NC remained unknown in 3% and Vitamin D excess accounts for 5% of the cases. The most presenting symptom was a failure to thrive (68%) and the second most common symptom was abdominal pain and recurrent urinary tract infection was found in 40%, polyuria and polydipsia were found in 32% of cases, and 16% of cases were diagnosed incidentally. At a median follow-up of 38 (14-200) months, estimated glomerular filtration rate had decreased from 84.0 (42-110) mL/min per 1.73 m2 body surface area to 68.2 (10-110) mL/min/1.73 m2 body surface (P = 0.001). This study illustrated the need for a national registry of rare renal diseases to help understand the causes of these conditions in our populations and provide support to affected patients and their families.
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PMID:Nephrocalcinosis among children at king hussein medical center: Causes and outcome. 2893 64