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Query: UMLS:C0020500 (hyperoxaluria)
 912 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Xydofon was applied to the treatment of 68 children suffering from different renal diseases associated with metabolic disorders. The latter ones involved oxaluria (28 children), uraturia (17 children), cystinuria (14 children), and phosphaturia (9 children). To appraise the action of xydofon, use was made of the indicators of membranolysis, cellular homeostasis of calcium, lipid peroxidation, and of the level of beta 2-microglobulin in urine. The results obtained indicate that xydofon can be used as an effective remedy for the treatment of children suffering from nephropathies associated with metabolic disorders.
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PMID:[Use of xidifon for prevention and treatment of nephropathies with metabolic disorders in children]. 234 37

The serum and 24 hour urinary excretion levels of various lithogenic and inhibitory substances were assessed in 24 male patients with calcium stone and no previous history of urolithiasis and in 19 age-matched controls. Two groups did not differ significantly (P < 0.01) except in the excretions of sodium, citric acid (being higher in normals) and inorganic phosphate (being higher in patients). Fifty percent patients had hyperphosphaturia, 29.2% hypocitraturia, 20.8% hyperoxaluria and 16.7% hypercalciuria. The present data suggests that hypocitraturia in association with phosphaturia might be one of the main risk factors responsible for calcium urolithiasis in this area.
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PMID:Is hypocitraturia associated with phosphaturia--a potential cause of calcium urolithiasis in first-time stone formers. 799 62

In order to better understand the role of diet in etiology of urolithiasis, 84 oxalo-phospho-calcic-lithiasic patients (52 men, 32 women) have been studied by a nutritional week-interview and by urinary and blood testing. Diet data were compared to an ideal standard. Total caloric intake was 2428 +/- 651 calories/d; this intake is high in 7% women and 40% men. 79% out of patients are fat. Protidic intake is 87 +/- 21 g/d higher than 1 g/kg/d in 84.5% of patients. Lipids are high in 38.9 +/- 7%, glucid are low in 45.3 +/- 7%. Calcium intake is 934 +/- 406 mg/d, sodium intake is 12.9 + 3 g/d. Water intake is 2305 +/- 759 ml/d. Different groups of patients are studied: a) 21 patients with mean age of 43 +/- 12 years have recurrent lithiasis (R). This group is compared to 48 patients with 37 +/- 44 years who have a single lithiasis. Half of (R) patients have hypercalciuria, hyperphosphaturia and hyperoxaluria. Diet study is no different between these two groups. b) Other groups are studied: 21 have hyperophosphaturia (HPU) without hypophosphoremia and they have hypercalciuria, hyperuraturia and high urinary urea; diet shows higher glucicid and potassium intake than group with normal phosphaturia; 23 have hypercalciuria (HCU) and high uraturia and phosphaturia: diet study shows no difference with a group with normal calciuria. 21 have hyperoxaluria (HOU): diet study of a normal oxaluric group shows higher lipid intake, lower glucidic and calcium intake; 22 have hyperuraturia (HAU) and higher urinary urea, sodium and potassium than normouraturia group: in this group potassium intake is higher.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Results of dietary evaluation during calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate lithiasis]. 814 88

Calcium, in the form of regular food supplementation, can improve bone metabolism, but it can also increase the risk for renal calcium stones, and may aggravate pre-existing calcium urolithiasis. To study the first of these two aspects, ten healthy volunteers were given a conventional test meal (breakfast; calcium content 28 mg) with or without two dosages of calcium (as calcium-sodium citrate, CSC 1, 680 mg; CSC 2 1,360 mg), taken after an overnight 12 h fast. To study the latter aspect, patients with idiopathic recurrent calcium urolithiasis (ICU) received a balanced test meal of fixed composition, containing 1,000 mg calcium either as CSC (Meal + CSC3; n = 6) or as calcium gluconate (Mcal; n = 8). In normals, CSC induced a dose-dependent increasing intestinal absorption of calcium, and a decrease in oxalate absorption; in serum, CSC increased calcitonin and suppressed parathyroid hormone, but left unchanged the markers of bone turnover, serum osteocalcin and bone alkaline phosphatase. In urine, CSC decreased bone resorption markers (collagen crosslinks) and phosphaturia increased citrate, created signs of metabolic alkalosis, and inhibited several parameters of CaOx crystallization. In ICU, the CSC3 load failed to promote the crystallization of CaOx and calcium phosphate. It was concluded that CSC supplementation of a meal: (1) is well tolerated by healthy subjects and ICU patients, renders calcium highly available to bone, and prevents post-prandial oxaluria from rising; and, (2) is followed by the inhibition of crystallization of renal stone forming calcium-containing substances. Long-term studies aimed at evaluating the usefulness of CSC in preserving healthy bone, and in the metaphylaxis of renal stones would appear justified.
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PMID:Acute effects of calcium sodium citrate supplementation of a test meal on mineral homeostasis, oxalate, and calcium oxalate crystallization in the urine of healthy humans--preliminary results in patients with idiopathic calcium urolithiasis. 1042 48

The effects of glucose, sorbitol and xylitol ingestion on calciuria, oxaluria and phosphaturia in healthy black and white males on a standardized diet were investigated. After ingestion, they collected urine hourly for 3 h. Glucose decreased phosphaturia in blacks. Sorbitol decreased phosphaturia in both groups and increased oxaluria in whites. Xylitol increased oxaluria in blacks. Decreases in phosphaturia are attributed to penetration by phosphate into cells leading to decreases in phosphatemia and the renal filtered load. We suggest that this mechanism is more sensitive in blacks. We speculate that the increase in oxaluria after sorbitol ingestion occurs via its conversion to glyoxylate and that this pathway may be blocked in blacks. For the increase in oxaluria after xylitol ingestion, it is hypothesized that ketohexokinase and aldolase may be more active in blacks. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, a urinary effect due to sorbitol ingestion and an ethnic dependency of these and other effects.
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PMID:Calciuria, oxaluria and phosphaturia after ingestion of glucose, xylitol and sorbitol in two population groups with different stone-risk profiles. 1930 Sep 89

Urolithiasis is one of the commonest problems in pediatric nephrology. Prevalence of urolithiasis in pediatric patients is increasing. The purpose was to properly diagnose and treat with the special attention to the risk factors. This study is case-series and was performed on 100 pediatric patients for evaluation of clinical manifestation and etiology of renal stone in Qom. Hundred Children, fewer than 14 years old with mean age of 3.32 years, were included (54% male). Etiology of urolithiasis in 5% was unclear. Metabolic disorders found in patients were mainly: Hypocitraturia in 54, hyperoxaluria in 14, hyperuricosuria in 25, cystinuria in 6, hypercalciuria in 28 and phosphaturia in 8 patients. The main clinical presentation was fever, pain, irritability, dysuria and hematuria. Family history of urolithiasis was found in 23% of patients and 54% presented with urinary tract infection (UTI). We conclude that majority of patients were symptomatic and hypocitraturia was the commenest risk factor among others.
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PMID:Clinical manifestations and etiology of renal stones in children less than 14 years age. 2006 21

Hyperuricosuria is common among stone formers, but its significance is uncertain. To progress our understanding and target treatment, we need to identify and characterise patients with uniform underlying pathology. We aimed to identify hyperuricosuric patients with a primary defect in renal urate reabsorption (renal hyperuricosuria) and to look for associated risk factors for stones. We undertook a retrospective cross-sectional database study of 666 male stone formers attending the Southampton stone clinic. We estimated filtered urate from plasma urate and 24-h creatinine clearance, and the net percentage reabsorbed. 153 men had hyperuricosuria (urine urate >4.80 mmol/24 h); 513 had normouricosuria. Hyperuricosuric men filtered more urate (median 68.1 and 52.5 mmol/24 h) but the ranges overlapped. Thirty hyperuricosuric men with filtered urate below the median for normouricosuria were selected as the renal hyperuricosuria group. Their normal plasma urate and high urate clearance substantiated this classification. In comparison with 60 normouricosuric stone formers matched for filtration, they had a higher incidence of hypercalciuria (67 versus 40%), but similar, high, frequencies of hyperoxaluria (25 and 11%) and phosphaturia (40 and 27%).There were no differences in age at first stone, incidence of stone recurrence or positive family history (20 and 25%). The findings demonstrate multiple risk factors for stones in this subgroup. In comparison, the 30 hyperuricosuric men with the highest filtration had a higher incidence of hyperoxaluria (58%) but fewer (7%) had a positive family history. Creatinine clearance was raised in 73%. An excessive protein intake might be a major correctable factor underlying these abnormalities.
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PMID:Characterisation of risk factors for stones in hyperuricosuric men attending a stone clinic. 2489 16