Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020500 (hyperoxaluria)
 912 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Recently a technique to measure intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), i.e. the biologically active hormone, has been available. The aim of the present study was to apply this method to evaluate the parathyroid function in a material of recurrent renal stone formers (n = 324). Intact PTH was found to be inversely related to both urinary calcium (r = -0.15; p less than 0.01) and serum calcium (p less than 0.02) indicating that in the majority of the patients with hypercalciuria this was accounted for by intestinal hyperabsorption and not by high serum PTH. Hyperabsorption was also the likely explanation for the finding of a positive relationship between the urinary calcium and oxalate excretions (r = 0.22; p less than 0.001) in medication-free patients without intestinal disorders, i.e. without enteric hyperoxaluria. Altogether 25 patients (7%) had elevated serum PTH concentrations. They were followed up with fasting serum and urinary electrolytes and an oral calcium loading test (1 g of calcium) in order to evaluate the importance of renal and intestinal factors responsible for the elevated serum PTH concentrations. The investigation was carried out on a free diet and on low and high calcium intakes, respectively. The incidence of intestinal malfunction, which was sometimes present without clinical symptoms, was found to be approximately the same as that of impaired renal conservation of calcium. The findings in the patients with intestinal malfunction were a reduced intestinal absorption of calcium and an enhanced tubular reabsorption of calcium (TRCa), with greater reabsorption of calcium for higher PTH values. In patients with impaired renal conservation of calcium despite the raised PTH there was no correlation between PTH and TRCa. When PTH was suppressed during the oral calcium load the TRCa was found to be inappropriately low and the renal defect obvious. The intestinal calcium absorption was secondarily increased to compensate for the renal losses.
 ...
PMID:Parathyroid function in relation to intestinal function and renal calcium reabsorption in patients with nephrolithiasis. 163 8

Administration of ascorbic acid, at 150 mg/100 ml of water intake, for one month, induced hyperoxaluria in the rats (P less than 0.001) and decreased citraturia (P less than 0.001) magnesuria (P less than 0.001) and pyrophosphaturia (P less than 0.01). The same disorders were observed when the dose administered was 300 mg/100 ml, excepted that oxaluria was considerably enhanced in this group. Despite these variations, renal deposits were not observed, even in the animals receiving 300 mg of ascorbate/100 ml of water intake. This protection was due to decreased calcium excretion (P less than 0.01 in two groups) and probably to acidification of the urine.
 ...
PMID:[The effects of high-dose ascorbic acid administration on the factors of lithogenesis in the rat]. 166 24

The addition of sucrose to drinking water of rats at the rate of 2.5 or 5 grams per 100 ml, for one month, induced hypercalciuria which appeared to be dependent on the degree of supplementation. In spite of these disorders, calcium deposits were not observed in treated animals. This protection against renal calculi was probably due to high urinary excretions of magnesium, phosphorus, zinc and copper. These lithogenesis inhibitors varied, like oxaluria and calciuria, in parallel with dietary sucrose intake.
 ...
PMID:[Is sucrose a risk factor in calculus formation?]. 174 29

The presence of mild hyperoxaluria in recurrent calcium oxalate stone formers is controversial. The aim of this study was to identify recurrent stone formers with mild hyperoxaluria and to classify them further by assessing their response to a low oxalate diet. In addition, the prevalence of other risk factors for stone formation in this group of patients was investigated. A total of 207 consecutive patients with recurrent renal calculi were screened and 40 (19%) were found to have mild hyperoxaluria. Of these, 18 (45%) responded to dietary oxalate restriction by normalising their urinary oxalate. The remaining 22 patients were classified as having idiopathic hyperoxaluria and were subdivided into those in whom urinary oxalate excretion was consistently elevated in all specimens measured and those in whom the elevation was intermittent in nature. Dietary oxalate restriction had a partially beneficial effect in lowering oxalate excretion in the patients with persistent hyperoxaluria. No difference in urinary oxalate excretion was found after dietary restriction in the patients with intermittent hyperoxaluria. Other risk factors, including dietary, absorptive and renal hypercalciuria and hypocitraturia, were documented, the prevalence of which (65%) was not significantly different from that (62.5%) found in 40 age- and sex-matched calcium stone formers without hyperoxaluria. The prevalence of hyperuricosuria was significantly greater in patients with hyperoxaluria when compared with stone controls. Further studies are required to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of hyperoxaluria in recurrent stone formers.
 ...
PMID:Hyperoxaluria in patients with recurrent calcium oxalate calculi: dietary and other risk factors. 174 16

Diurnal excretion of oxalates and urates with urine was examined in 31 children with nephrotic chronic glomerulonephritis. Active glomerulonephritis was demonstrated to be attended by hyperuraturia. Hyperuraturia and hyperoxaluria occurred in the treatment with immunosuppressants, diuretics and correlated with the impairment of other tubular functions of the kidneys.
 ...
PMID:[Urinary excretion of oxalates and urates in a nephrotic form of glomerulonephritis in children]. 175 22

Hyperoxaluria type I (HPI) is a metabolic disorder secondary to liver alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase deficiency. Renal failure occurs due to the excessive production and precipitation of oxalate in the kidney. Combined liver-renal transplantation is the correct treatment for this condition when end-stage renal failure occurs as with renal transplantation alone the risk of recurrence of the same pathology in the transplanted kidney would be high. We report the case of a 4 year-old child with HPI suffering from terminal renal failure in whom a hepato-renal transplantation was performed: six months later, creatinine clearance was 62 ml/min/1.73 m2 and liver function tests were normal.
 ...
PMID:[Hepatic and renal transplantation in the treatment of type I hyperoxaluria]. 176 34

Plasma pyridoxine metabolites in plasma and 4-pyridoxic acid excretions in urine were measured in normal subjects, in 7 patients with type-1 hyperoxaluria and in 8 patients with mild metabolic hyperoxaluria, while receiving various doses of pyridoxine. Compliance with ingestion of pyridoxine was verified by measuring urinary 4-pyridoxic acid. In the normal subjects the maximum level of pyridoxal phosphate was obtained after only 10 mg/day of pyridoxine. The patients were divided into nonresponders, good responders and poor responders to pyridoxine according to the fall in urinary oxalate and glycollate excretions. In patients taking pyridoxine, the plasma pyridoxal phosphate levels were as for normal subjects in primary hyperoxaluria, lower than for normal subjects in mild metabolic hyperoxaluria (p less than 0.01), and in the latter group lower in partial responders than in good responders (p = 0.04). Hence in mild metabolic hyperoxaluria there may be difficulty in converting pyridoxine to pyridoxal phosphate.
 ...
PMID:Metabolism of pyridoxine in mild metabolic hyperoxaluria and primary hyperoxaluria (type 1). 177 98

We report a retrospective study of 51 children who presented urolithiasis between 1980 and 1989 in our Hospital. Mean age was 7 years and the male:female ratio was 2. 1:1. A positive family history was found in 60% of cases. It was done metabolic evaluation in every case: hypercalciuria was found in 34% of cases. In 6% of cases there were hyperuricosuria. None of our patients presented hyperoxaluria, cystinuria or hypocitraturia. Abdominal echography was the most sensible an specific imaging technique of diagnosis. In 16 cases it was necessary a surgical procedure although most cases received only medical management. Four patients were treated with extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy. We emphasize the importance of metabolic evaluation. We report our own protocol of study and results.
 ...
PMID:[Urolithiasis in childhood]. 177 65

The main risk factors for calcium urolithiasis that are clinically detectable are low diuresis, hypercalciuria, hyperruricuria, alkaline urinary pH, hyperoxaluria, hypomagnesuria, hypocitraturia. They should be evaluated, all the more precisely that the disease is active, under both the urological and metabolic points of view, using 24 hour urine collection made at home on a free diet with a dietary record. In the majority of the cases the calcic urolithiasis is idiopathic, i.e. not related to a cause of secondary hypercalciuria like primary hyperparathyroidism, or to a hyperroxaluria either primary or of digestive or toxic origin. Its treatment if mainly dietary with high fluid intake (diuresis greater than 2 1/24 h), normoclacic diet (800-1000h mh/24 h) with meat but not dairy product restriction, oxalate salts, carbohydrate and alcohol restriction. These dietary recommendations should be controlled by measuring the above cited parameters in the 24 hour urine samples and by measuring urea excretion which should not exceed 0.33 g/kg of body weight. When diet fails, drugs may be added mainly allopurinol, thiazides and potassium citrate.
 ...
PMID:[Physiopathology, exploration and treatment of calcium lithiasis]. 178 95

A woman had suffered from vulvar vestibulitis (vulvodynia) for four years. Pain from the disorder had disrupted her ability to function at work and home as well as sexually. An initial full range of treatments, including multiple operations, had produced no relief. Examination of the urine for evidence of excess oxalate, which has been shown to cause epithelial reactions similar to those found in vulvodynia, showed periodic hyperoxaluria and pH elevations related to the symptoms. Calcium citrate was given to modify the oxalate crystalluria. The symptoms were significantly reduced in three months, and the patient was pain free after one year. She was able to resume normal work, family, sexual and recreational activities. Withdrawal of the calcium citrate resulted in a return of the symptoms; reinstitution alleviated them. These findings suggest that further study of individualized metabolic factors that may underlie vulvodynia is warranted.
 ...
PMID:Calcium citrate for vulvar vestibulitis. A case report. 181


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>