Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A hyperlipidemia-and-atherosclerosis-prone (LAP) quail model was developed by dietary cholesterol feeding through genetic selection of commercially available (CA) Japanese quail. The response of serum lipids and the aortic wall to dietary cholesterol feeding was compared in CA and LAP quails. Ten groups were fed a combination diet with different levels of cholesterol and corn oil for 12 weeks. In CA quail, dietary feeding of cholesterol only failed to induce significant hypercholesterolemia or atherosclerotic lesion. The respective optimal dietary levels of cholesterol and corn oil to induce hyperlipidemia and atherosclerotic lesion, were 2% and 15%, respectively. Ad-libitum feeding of only 0.5% cholesterol without corn oil induced significant hypercholesterolemia and aortic atherosclerosis in LAP quail. The main proliferating cellular component of the aortic atherosclerotic lesion was phenotypically transformed fibroblasts from medial fibroblasts. These results suggest that the LAP quail is a useful animal model for the study of atherosclerosis.
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PMID:The response of serum and hepatic lipids and the aortic wall to different levels of dietary cholesterol: a comparative study between hyperlipidemia-and- atherosclerosis-prone quail and commercially available quail. 761 Apr 56

Apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) has an important role in the transport of cholesterol. This study describes the complete nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence for apo A-I of LAP quail. A full length apo A-I cDNA clone for hyperlipidemia atherosclerosis prone (LAP) quail was isolated from a lambda gt10 liver cDNA library. The DNA sequence of LAP apo A-I cDNA was similar to that of normal Japanese quail. The deduced amino acid sequence of LAP apo A-I was hence identical to that of normal Japanese quail. LAP apo A-I mRNA is about 1.4 kilobases in length and expressed in a variety of tissues including small intestine, liver, lung, breast muscle, testis, and heart. Although the tissue distribution of apo A-I was similar between strains, LAP quail expressed more apo A-I mRNA than normal Japanese quail in all tissues examined. This tendency was pronounced with the small intestine. Although the concentration of serum apo A-I did not correlate with the tissue expression of mRNA, the observation may suggest that the increased apo A-I expression in LAP strain had some relevance to the susceptibility of this strain to the experimental atherosclerosis.
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PMID:Apolipoprotein A-I of hyperlipidemia atherosclerosis prone (LAP) quail: cDNA sequence and tissue expression. 1005 18

The low molecular weight (LMW) apolipoprotein of apo C plays an important role in the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. This study aimed at a characterization of the major LMW apolipoproteins from normal quail strain, and also from LAP (hyperlipidemia atherosclerosis-prone) strain to identify its genetic disorder. The major LMW apoprotein cDNA clone from normal quail comprised of approximately 500 bp, and encoded polypeptide of 78 amino acid residues containing 57 amino acids as a mature apolipoprotein. Although the quail LMW apoprotein showed a low homology to either apo C-I, C-II, or C-III of other animals, it retained a well-developed amphipathic alpha-helix structure. There was no difference in the deduced primary structure of the quail LMW apoprotein between LAP and normal strain. An analysis of the mRNA expression showed that the quail LMW apoprotein was only expressed in the liver of both LAP and normal Japanese quail. No difference was noted in the hepatic expression of the quail LMW apoprotein mRNA between normal and LAP strains with neither normal nor atherogenic dietary conditions. The structure and expression of the major LMW apoprotein thus had no relevance to higher susceptibility of LAP strain to the experimental atherosclerosis.
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PMID:The major low molecular weight apolipoprotein from normal and hyperlipidemia atherosclerosis-prone (LAP) Japanese quail. 1066 66

The present study describes the cholesterol absorption by hyperlipidemia atherosclerosis prone (LAP) Japanese quail to address their high susceptibility to experimental atherosclerosis. The apparent cholesterol absorption rate of LAP quail was compared with that of commercially available (CA) Japanese quail. After 14 d of cholesterol feeding by gavage, it was found that the cholesterol excretion of LAP quail was significantly lower than that of CA quail. The fecal excretion of bile acid and fat showed a similar tendency to that as shown with the case of cholesterol. The cholesterol feeding only increased the serum cholesterol level of LAP quail, and this trend holds true for the liver lipid concentration. The expression level of liver cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase mRNA showed no difference between LAP and CA strains under the conditions of cholesterol loading. These results showed that the cholesterol absorption by LAP quail is significantly higher than that by CA quail, which may reasonably explain the higher susceptibility of this strain to experimental atherosclerosis.
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PMID:Increased cholesterol absorption by hyperlipidemia atherosclerosis prone (LAP) Japanese quail. 1123 16

The effects of taurine supplementation on the serum cholesterol levels and the progression of atherosclerosis were investigated in the hyperlipidemia- and atherosclerosis-prone Japanese (LAP) quail. The ingestion of a high-cholesterol diet containing 1% cholesterol by LAP quails for 60 days resulted in a marked elevation in serum non-HDL cholesterol and triglyceride, as well as severe aortic lesions with lipid droplets. An immunohistochemical study showed that the lesion consisted of mainly lipid-rich macrophages and T cells. Sixty-day taurine supplementation (1% in drinking tap water) to LAP quails fed high-cholesterol diet containing 1% cholesterol significantly reduced serum non-HDL cholesterol from 4,549 to 2,350 mg/dl. The serum triglyceride level also decreased after taurine supplementation from 703 to 392 mg/dl. Although the HDL cholesterol level significantly decreased due to the high-cholesterol diet, it recovered to the control level fed a regular diet in response to taurine. Bile acid production was stimulated and hepatic cholesterol was reduced by taurine supplementation. A quantitative analysis using aortic cross-sections showed that areas of oil-red O positive lipid accumulation significantly decreased by 74% after taurine supplementation. These results demonstrated the lipid-lowering and anti-atherosclerotic effects of taurine in a diet-induced hyperlipidemic LAP quail model. The prevention of atherosclerosis by taurine is mainly attributed to an improvement in the serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels, which may be related to changes in the hepatic cholesterol metabolism.
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PMID:Prevention of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in the hyperlipidemia- and atherosclerosis-prone Japanese (LAP) quail by taurine supplementation. 1922 88

Lentinus edodes is the first medicinal macrofungus to enter the realm of modern biotechnology. It is the second most popular edible mushroom in the global market which is attributed not only to its nutritional value but also to possible potential for therapeutic applications. Lentinus edodes is used medicinally for diseases involving depressed immune function (including AIDS), cancer, environmental allergies, fungal infection, frequent flu and colds, bronchial inflammation, heart disease, hyperlipidemia (including high blood cholesterol), hypertension, infectious disease, diabetes, hepatitis and regulating urinary inconsistencies. It is the source of several well-studied preparations with proven pharmacological properties, especially the polysaccharide lentinan, eritadenine, shiitake mushroom mycelium, and culture media extracts (LEM, LAP and KS-2). Antibiotic, anti-carcinogenic and antiviral compounds have been isolated intracellularly (fruiting body and mycelia) and extracellularly (culture media). Some of these substances were lentinan, lectins and eritadenine. The aim of this review is to discuss the therapeutic applications of this macrofungus. The potential of this macrofungus is unquestionable in the most important areas of applied biotechnology.
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PMID:Lentinus edodes: a macrofungus with pharmacological activities. 2049 36