Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Practically all types of diabetes mellitus (DM) result from complex interactions of genetic and environmental factors. Multifactorial and polygenic Type 1 DM is strongly influenced by genes controlling the immune system, mainly HLA-DQ and DR. In addition to this, many other predisposition loci, interacting with each other, have some influence on susceptibility to DM. Heterogeneous Type 2 DM, accounting for about 85% of all diabetic patients, is supposed to be induced by multiple genes defects involved in insulin action and/or insulin secretion. Other genetically influenced traits like obesity and hyperlipidemia are strongly associated with the Type 2. The group called Other specific types of DM include monogenic forms MODY 1-5 and many various subtypes of the disease, where the specific gene mutations have been identified. Both genetic and intrauterine environmental influences are likely to contribute to the abnormalities defined as Gestational DM.
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PMID:Genetic aspects of diabetes mellitus. 1136 89

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is no longer a disease only of adults. In some American locations and populations, incidence and prevalence of T2D are much higher than those of type 1 diabetes, because of increased calorie and fat intake, and decreased exercise. The increasing prevalence of T2D in the United States has closely paralleled the increase in childhood obesity noted there, but now across the Western world. Besides obesity, the other youth risk factors for T2D are: ethnicity, family history, puberty, female, metabolic syndrome, acanthosis nigricans and polycystic ovary syndrome. Any feature or condition associated with insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia should alert to screen youth at increased risk for (pre)T2D. T2D should be differenciated from monogenic diabetes (Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young or MODY). Treatment goals are to decrease weight and increase exercise, to normalize insulinemia, glycemia and HbA1c, to control hypertension and hyperlipidemia. The aim of the pharmacological therapy is to decrease insulin resistance, namely by metformin. Sometimes, insulin therapy is necessary.
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PMID:[(Pre)type 2 diabetes and MODY: pediatric diabetology future]. 2181 23