Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We evaluated the performance of the Du Pont aca ammonia procedure with regard to (a) linearity, (b) precision, (c) interferences, and (d) effect of anticoagulants. Linearity extends to 2,000 mumol/L. The SD of the method was essentially constant (2 to 3 mumol/L) and independent of the NH3 concentration. Hemoglobin, bilirubin, and lipemia do not interfere. Either EDTA or heparin is suitable as anticoagulant. Recovery of NH3 added to plasma samples averaged 102% (range: 97--107%). We established normal values by measuring NH3 in 188 plasma samples from apparently healthy individuals. The 95% confidence range is from 10 to 35 mumol/L. The aca ammonia method compares very well with that of Kingsley and Tager but correlates less strongly with that of Reinhold and Chung. We describe a protein-based solution with stable NH3 concentration that is suitable as a control material.
 ...
PMID:Performance of the Du Pont aca ammonia method. 76 61

We assessed the Hitachi 736-30 as a possible replacement for the SMAC I and as a laboratory cost-saving measure. For 24 analytes, both intra- and interassay precisions were acceptable; they also had good measuring ranges. Essentially no interference from lipemia was observed, while minimal interference from bilirubin was demonstrated. Hemoglobin interfered in the measurement of 12 of the analytes. Correlation with the SMAC I, Demand, Astra-8, ACA, and Varian Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer was found to be acceptable, except for chloride which showed poor correlation with SMAC I and Astra-8 (Hitachi = 0.888 [SMAC] + 11.102, r = 0.9652; Hitachi = 0.885 [Astra] + 10.264, r = 0.9136). The Hitachi 736-30 offers reagent and method flexibility, high volume capability, and "walk-away" operation.
 ...
PMID:Clinical assessment of the Hitachi 736-30 chemistry analyzer. 210 91

Blood is drawn into capillary tubes containing saponin and the tubes placed into the reagent packs. Hemoglobin is denatured by mixing the hemosylate with a reagent containing lithium hydroxide and a non-ionic detergent. The absorbance is measured bichromatically at wavelengths of 577 and 633 nm. The calibration curve is stable and can be stored for at least 30 days. There are no interferences from fetal hemoglobin, glycosylated hemoglobin (20 percent), hemoglobin S, samples with hematocrits up to 0.55, paraproteins, and lipemia. Specimens with rouleau formation, nucleated and fragmented red blood cells, target cells, ovalocytes, teardrop cells, spherocytes, leukocyte counts of 29 X 10(9) per L and reticulocyte counts of 0.32; Howell-Jolly bodies did not interfere with the assay. The within run and between run precision gave average coefficient or variations of 2.3 and 1.9 percent, respectively. Comparison of the hemoglobin results obtained in 149 samples with the Vision (y) and Coulter Counter System (x) gave r = 0.987, Y = 1.01X - 1.89 g per L.
 ...
PMID:Quantitation of hemoglobin with the Vision Analyzer by use of the alkaline hematin reaction. 338 58

This optimized two-point kinetic assay for serum angiotensin-converting enzyme is based on the colorimetric determination of hippurate with cyanuric chloride/dioxan reagent. The hippurate is released from hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine by angiotensin-converting enzyme in the presence of chloride ion. CVs for the method (within-run and between-run) ranged from 2.1 to 3.2%. Linearity extends up to 200 U/L. Results are unaffected by lipemia and icterus. Hemoglobin in concentrations greater than 1.5 g/L causes a slight negative interference. Reference intervals for men and women are 22-82 U/L and 25-69 U/L, respectively.
 ...
PMID:Optimized assay for serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity. 627 13

We describe the performance of a commercial (Steranti/EIR) RIA reagent kit for measuring 17 beta-estradiol directly in serum. Day-to-day precision data for control sera were as follows: mean = 102.8 ng/L, CV = 6.8%, n = 20; mean = 231.1 ng/L, CV = 5.3%, n = 21; mean = 747.7 ng/L, CV = 9.4%, n = 21. Analytical recovery of added estradiol from seven different serum pools from men, to which three different concentrations of estradiol had been added, was (mean +/- SD): 98.6 +/- 7.0% at 107.5 ng/L added; 98.8 +/- 4.7% at 322.5 ng/L added; 108.2 +/- 4.8% at 645 ng/L added. Overall recovery of estradiol in these experiments (mean +/- SD for 21 determinations) averaged 101.9 +/- 7.0%. Assay of 32 serum specimens from women by both the direct (y) and an extraction method (x) gave the following linear regression statistics: y = 1.12x - 1.3, r = 0.998, Sy/x = 30.2 ng/L, mean y = 438.2 ng/L, mean x = 391.4 ng/L. Hemoglobin, bilirubin, and moderate lipemia do not interfere. Sensitivity of the direct assay was 2.6 ng/L. Compared with the extraction assay, the direct estradiol assay has advantages of speed and simplicity.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of a radioimmunoassay for estradiol in unextracted serum. 662 35

This study evaluated the performance of the HCG STAT Elecsys assay in 8 European laboratories using the Elecsys 2010 system. Analytical sensitivity was < 0.5 mlU/mL. The analysis of concentration series prepared by mixing serum pools with high and low HCG concentrations proved linearity up to 10.000 mIU/mL. A high-dose hook effect was not seen up to HCG concentrations of 430.000 mIU/mL. The medians of the within-run CVs (n = 21, 3 series) were 3.0% (2.1-5.8% CV; 10.4-14.4 mIU/mL), 2.4% (1.7-6.1% CV; 35.6-88.6 mIU/mL) and 2.3% (1.7-6.1% CV; 282.3-643.8 mIU/mL). The medians of the between-day imprecisions (n = 10-21) were 7.0% CV (5.2-12.0% CV; 4.0-14.0 mIU/mL), 5.5% CV (3.1-7.2% CV; 35.4-92.7% mIU/mL) and 4.1% CV (2.8-5.1% CV; 270.8-658.0 mIU/mL). The median recovery of two external quality control samples with assigned values of 9.39 and 10.40 mIU/mL) were 101.2 and 104.3% (ranges: 94.8-116.1%, 98.6-117.8%, n = 10). The assay was compared with five non-isotopic automated routine immunoassay systems (x). Slopes ranged from 0.87 to 1.15 and intercepts from-0.53 to 12.50 mIU/mL. The coefficients of correlation were with one exception (0.898) > or = 0.960. The distribution of HCG in samples from non-pregnant women and healthy men was very similar to that observed with other automated routine methods. The HCG Elecsys assay is very specific for the intact holo-hormone. Nicked HCG dimer, nicked and non-nicked beta-subunits are weakly recognised or not detected. Hemoglobin, bilirubin and lipemia (tested up to: Hb, 3.7 g/L; bilirubin, 500 mumol/L; triglyceride, 37.6 mmol/L) did not interfere the assay. The HCG Elecsys assay is well suited for the early and fast diagnosis of normal pregnancy and the detection of tubal pregnancy.
 ...
PMID:Results of the multicentre evaluation of an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay for HCG on Elecsys 2010. 967 73

The role of obesity in diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, colon cancer, sudden death and other cardiovascular diseases has confirmed in many recent research studies. In present study, it is hypothesized that obesity can serve as an independent risk factor for the decreased activities of cytoprotective antioxidants in humans and for the associated systemic oxidative stress. 150 age matched, female subjects with no history of smoking or biochemical evidence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, renal or liver disease or cancer were included in the study and were divided into different grades of obesity according to their body mass index (BMI). Hemoglobin and erythrocyte glutathione (GSH) concentrations were measured for each subject. The study suggests that increase BMI was found to be associated with a significant decrease in erythrocyte glutathione concentration. From these observations it is concluded that obesity even in the absence of smoking, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, renal or liver diseases can decrease the activities of body's protective antioxidants, and can enhance the systemic oxidative stress and should therefore receive the same attention as obesity with complications.
 ...
PMID:Obesity: an independent risk factor for systemic oxidative stress. 1663 56

The influence of interference by hemolysis, icterus and lipemia on the results of routine chemistries may lead to wrong interpretations. On Synchron LX-20 instruments (Beckman Coulter) serum or plasma indices can be used as reliable semi-quantitative measures of the magnitude of such interference. In an article recently published in this journal, we presented the results of a multicenter study carried out in Dutch hospitals in which we determined cutoff indices for analytes above which analytically significant interference exists. Clinically significant interference cutoff indices were also derived for these analytes. In this article, we describe the handling of patient samples with clinically significant interference by hemolysis, icterus or lipemia. We investigated several possible approaches for correction of the result: dilution of the interference; mathematical correction in the case of hemolysis; treatment with ferrocyanide to destroy bilirubin; and removal of lipids in lipemic patient samples. We concluded, that mathematical correction of potassium or lactate dehydrogenase results in hemolytic samples can only be carried out if intravascular hemolysis is ruled out. Hemoglobin quantification in serial patient samples, combined with measurement of haptoglobin, represents a useful tool to rule out in vivo hemolysis. We derived an algorithm for this situation. We do not simply recommend mathematical correction, unless it is clinically acceptable. We present formulas for potassium and lactate dehydrogenase: corrected potassium=measured potassium-(hemolytic index increment x 0.14); corrected lactate dehydrogenase=measured lactate dehydrogenase-(hemolytic index increment x 75). The dilution studies indicated that dilution is only applicable for bilirubin, C-reactive protein and iron. The results of treatment with ferrocyanide were poor, and we do not recommend this method. Removal of lipids using high-speed centrifugation or LipoClear (StatSpin Inc.), a non-toxic and non-ionic polymer, is a very effective approach, although C-reactive protein, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and cholesterol cannot be removed using LipoClear. For all interferants (hemoglobin, bilirubin, lipids), relatively simple algorithms are derived that can easily be implemented in the clinical laboratory.
 ...
PMID:Correction of patient results for Beckman Coulter LX-20 assays affected by interference due to hemoglobin, bilirubin or lipids: a practical approach. 1724 28

Hemoglobin-vesicles (HbV) or liposome-encapsulated Hb are artificial oxygen carriers. Our previous studies of the bolus infusion of HbV into Wistar rats showed that HbV was captured by the reticuloendothelial system from the blood stream and degraded completely with no deteriorative effect for 2 weeks. However, one authority on artificial organs research suggested conducting a one-year observation because he experienced, with one lipid-emulsified perfluorocarbon (PFC), that rats died within one year from a pulmonary abnormality after receiving the PFC emulsion due to the unstable dispersion state (personal communication). We thought this would never happen for HbV because the dispersion state of HbV is stable with PEG-modification. To confirm this, we made one-year observations after HbV infusion as suggested. Five male Wistar rats intravenously received 20 ml/kg HbV suspended in saline ([Hb] = 10 g/dL). They were housed in separated cages and provided with food and water ad libitum. All rats survived one year, and were apparently healthy. Their body weights (821+/-75 g) reflected obesity from their confinement in small cages. No histopathological abnormality was found in the lung. Plasma biochemical analyses showed overall normal organ functions. In our previous report, plasma lipid levels increased transiently at 1 or 2 days; then they reverted to the control level at 7 days. One year later, the rats showed much higher plasma lipid levels, a symptom of hyperlipidemia that is attributable to obesity and aging. It seemed the transient increases at the early days had no impact compared with the levels of hyperlipemia of the old rats.
 ...
PMID:One-year observation of Wistar rats after intravenous infusion of hemoglobin-vesicles (artificial oxygen carriers). 1736 73

Cellulomonas has been shown to be a good source of cholesterol oxidase in addition to Streptomyces for serum cholesterol determination by the endpoint method, inexpensive in cost, and showing excellent performance. For clinical use, we have assessed the reliability of Cellulomonas reagent for cholesterol determination. We constructed the user-defined endpoint methods on three automated analyzers. The analytical performances (linearity, precision, recovery, interference, stability, and comparison with the standardized method) of Cellulomonas cholesterol reagents were evaluated and compared to those of Streptomyces reagents. Linearity (18.1-23.3 mmol/L) and stability of reagents (6-11 weeks) depended on the analyzers being used. The average within-run and between-day % coefficients of variation (CVs) ranged from 1.44 to 2.45 and 1.98 to 2.99, respectively, and were within National Cholesterol Education Program analytical criteria (<or=3%). All assays using both reagents compared favorably with the commercial method and appeared accurate near the clinical decision cut-points. Hemoglobin concentration at 7.5 g/L only affected the assay using single wavelength measurement. Bilirubin decreased in serum cholesterol recovery while lipemia generated a positive interference with all methods. Cellulomonas enzyme is analytically reliable when used for serum cholesterol determination by the endpoint method. Its analytical performance is equivalent to Streptomyces enzymes and meets the analytical goals. It has an advantage over the other enzymes in that it does not ship in the frozen state.
 ...
PMID:Implementation of cellulomonas cholesterol oxidase for total serum cholesterol determination by the endpoint method. 1820 May 84


1 2 Next >>