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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. In order to study lipoprotein (LP) abnormalities in asymptomatic subjects with hyperlipidaemia, serum cholesterol and triglycerides (TG) were determined in about 20 000 active professional men and women attending a health control linked to their employment. 2. Quantitative LP analysis with preparative ultracentrifugation, separating very low (VLDL), low (LDL) and high (HDL) density LP was subsequently performed on the sera of 314 asymptomatic subjects, who at the screening had serum cholesterol larger than or equal to 350 mg/100 ml and/or TG larger than or equal to 3.5 mmol/l. Cholesterol and TG concentrations were serum and on the top and bottom fractions after separation in the ultracentrifuge at d=1.006. Typing of hyperlipoproteinaemia (HLP) was based on the concentration of VLDL TG and LDL cholesterol and in addition, in the case of type III and V HLP, the presence of a "floating beta" LP and fasting chylomicronaemia, respectively. 3. To illustrate the lipid values in the screened total population distributions of serum cholesterol and TG are given in the age range 41-45 years. In this age range mean serum cholesterol in fasting/non-fasting state was 239+/-2/238+/-1 mg/100 ml in males and 232+/-2/239+/-2 mg/100 ml in females.
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PMID:Studies in asymptomatic primary hyperlipidaemia. I. Types of hyperlipoproteinaemias and serum lipoprotein concentrations, compositions and interrelations. 17 Jul 99

Plasma cholesterol and triglycerides have been measured in 1202 residents of Milton, a rural town in New Zealand. Cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in the serum lipoprotein classes of a random subgroup of the population are also reported. Mean plasma triglycerides and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were higher for men, but mean high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration was higher in women. Urban-rural differences in plasma cholesterol are suggested since mean plasma cholesterol concentration in men reached a maximum in the 50-59 decade in the rural town (Milton) but the maximum for a nearby urban community was in the 40-49 decade. An evaluation of hyperlipidaemia by using arbitrary cut-off values for plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations showed a prevalence of hypertriglyceridaemia in men, resulting in approximately three times as many men as women in some of the categories of hyperlipidaemia. Further, 26% of the 35-59 age group in the population had lipid risk factors for coronary heart disease.
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PMID:Blood lipids and lipoproteins in a rural New Zealand population. 26 68

The Cholesterol Index of foods expresses the relative effect of individual portions of foods on the serum cholesterol of an average individual. It is calculated from food cholesterol content and fatty acid composition. The total Cholesterol Index for the day has a value of 100 for a 2,400-kcal, prudent diet and a value of slightly above 200 for an equicaloric average American diet. The Cholesterol Index for a recipe prepared at home is the sum of the Index values for its ingredients. The Index can be adapted to individual dietary prescriptions fo patients with hyperlipidemia. After publication of Cholesterol Index tables, the Index could be used by dietitians or by individuals who wish to alter their present food pattern to a more prudent diet.
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PMID:Cholesterol Index of foods. Teaching tool for fat-modified diets. 43 53

Because several recent reports have indicated a high incidence of hyperlipidemia in insulin-dependent juvenile diabetes, the plasma lipid levels were measured in a population of insulin-dependent diabetic patients to determine if hyperlipidemia is necessarily associated with diabetes. Only one patient had an elevated cholesterol concentration (greater than 220 mg. per deciliter) and two patients had an elevated triglyceride concentration (greater than 140 mg. per deciliter), giving an incidence of 6.4 per cent. A normal control group had an incidence of hyperlipidemia of 5.7 per cent. The mean cholesterol level (164 "/- 38 mg. per deciliter) of the diabetic population was significantly less than that of the normal control group (183 +/- 38 mg. per deciliter). The diabetic patients were divided into groups on the basis of 24-hour urinary glucose excretion and records of glycosuria. The serum triglyceride of the patients in group 4 (highest urinary glucose content and spills) was significantly elevated above three other groups with less glucosuria. Dietary history revealed that group 4 patients consumed a significantly higher percentage of fat. Cholesterol levels did not correlate with parameters of regulation of the diabetes.
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PMID:Plasma lipid levels in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 55 67

Fasting lipid concentrations have been measured in fifty treated juvenile diabetics, their siblings and parents to determine which types of hyperlipoproteinaemia co-exist with juvenile diabetes and whether the abnormalities relate to diabetic control, or represent familial disorders. Lipid concentrations amongst the parents did not differ from adult control. Triglyceride concentrations were significantly higher in those diabetic children with fasting blood glucose concentrations greater than 10 mmol/l than those with concentrations less than 10 mmol/l. The latter group had similar triglyceride levels to non-diabetic siblings. Cholesterol concentrations were not related to fasting blood glucose and were similar in diabetic and sibling controls. Hyperlipoproteinaemia (types IIa, IIb and IV) was present in ten of the diabetic patients. Six of the nine diabetic patients with raised cholesterol had at least one parent with cholesterol in the highest quintile for the control population, whereas only six of the forty-one with lower levels had parents in this category. A similar trend for cholesterol was apparent amongst the non-diabetic siblings. However, no association was apparent between the triglyceride levels of diabetics (or their siblings) and parents. Thus although hyperlipidaemia associated with juvenile diabetes appears to be largely due to inadequate control, raised cholesterol concentrations frequently occur.
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PMID:Serum lipids in treated diabetic children and their families. 62 89

Purified rat lymph chylomicrons were incubated with chylomicron-free rat plasma and examined for changes in lipid and apoprotein constituents. Upon incubation there was a five-fold increase in the arginine rich apoprotein and a concomitant reduction in chylomicron Apo A-I to less than one-sixth its preincubation mass. These apoprotein changes were most faithfully reproduced when chylomicrons were incubated with the rat HDL fraction, although incubations of chylomicrons with rat lipoprotein-free plasma showed that arginine-rich apoprotein could readily associate with chylomicrons without concomitant changes in chylomicron lipid constituents. The gain in chylomicron apoprotein paralleled an increased affinity of the incubated chylomicron for heparin, when examined by heparin affinity chromatography. The apoprotein alterations were consistent in incubations in which the triglyceride concentrations varied from 330 mg/dl to 4200 mg/dl, and were not affected by inhibition of the Lecithin:Cholesterol Acyl Transferase (LCAT) reaction in the incubation mixture. The demonstration that in vivo alimentary lipemia chylomicrons have an apoprotein pattern identical to that of chylomicrons following in vitro plasma incubation suggests that these apoprotein alterations occur physiologically in alimentary lipemia.
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PMID:Chylomicron apoprotein alteration after plasma exposure. 66 31

Cholesterol, triglyceride, and lipoprotein levels were determined in serum from 40 children with diabetes and from controls. Mean cholesterol levels in the children with diabetes (205 +/- 78 mg/dl) were statisically higher than for controls (155 +/- 27 mg/dl), as were mean triglyceride levels (120 +/- 63 vs 85 +/- 23 mg/dl). Eight of the children with diabetes had hypercholesterolemia, five had hypertriglyceridemia, and nine had combined hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Low-density lipoprotein levels were statistically higher and high-density lipoprotein levels statistically lower for children with diabetes compared with control children. Increased urine glucose spillage was found to correlate with higher serum triglyceride levels, suggesting that the elevated triglyceride levels may have been related to diabetes control. With the known association between hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease (CHD) and between diabetes and CHD, the results of the present study indicate that all children with juvenile diabetes mellitus should have a serum lipid analysis annually.
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PMID:Juvenile diabetes mellitus and serum lipids and lipoprotein levels. 97 14

The authors carried out experimental studies on four groups of experimental animals at various age and three groups of animals, fed with atherogenic diet according to O'Neal for a period of 4, 11 and 12 months. It was established that the level of serum lipids and lipoproteins underwent substantial changes in the period of sexual maturation. There was no difference between the adult and old animals. The sligh-test changes was found in cholesterol, but the level of triglycerides, esterified fatty acids and total lipids in old animals was even lower than of the adult animals. There was a tendency to an increase of all lipid fractions in the liver of old animals. Cholesterol and beta-lipoproteids were elevated in the aorta of the old animals. Feeding with atherogenic diet for 4 months induced an accumulation of liver lipids without hyperlipidemia and hyperlipoproteinemia, but continuous feeding with atherogenic diet induced also manifested hyperlipidemia and hyperlipoproteinemia besides an increase in liver lipids. Morphologically in these animals there was an infiltration of peripheral parts of liver lobules as well deposition of sudonophil substances in subendothelial space of the aortic wall. Stopping of ah tero genic diet 20 days before killing of the experimental animals was enough to reduce significantly the level of liver lipids, but not that in serum and aorta. The most lasting changes underwent triglycerides respectively esterified fatty acids. The studies show that the ah terogenic diet cause characteristic changes in lipid and lipoproteid metabolism, which, however, are different from the changes, which occur with aging of the organism.
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PMID:[Lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats on a normal and atherogenic diet]. 121 17

Report of a 10-year-old boy with congenital hypoplasia of the intrahepatic bile ducts, the socalled MacMahon-Thannhauser-Syndrome. The patient had been suffering from a varying degree of jaundice since his 2nd day of life and from pruritus since his 21st month of life. Furthermore, he had hepatomegaly, a systolic cardiac murmur, hypogenitalism, retarded growth, and finally hypertension. Transitory xanthomas existed between 1 3/4 and 2 3/4 years of age. Signs of persistent intrahepatic cholestasis was manifested by increased levels of bilirubin and bile acids in serum as well as raised activities of leucine aminopeptidase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and alkaline phosphatase. Pathological values of serum glutamic dehydrogenase pointed to a persistent destruction of liver cells. Without treatment, the activities of vitamin K dependent clotting factors were decreased. Cholesterol, phosphatides and triglycerides in serum were increased and lipoprotein-X was detectable. Aortography revealed stenosis of both renal arteries. An exploratory laparotomy and 5 liver biopsies led to the diagnosis of hypoplasia of the intrahepatic bile ducts. Therapeutic trials with steroids and the anion exchange resin "cholestyramine" were ineffective. Phenobarbital relieved the pruritus. Parenteral administration of fat soluble vitamins restored the activity of vitamin K dependent clotting factors to normal. The high blood pressure fell significantly due to treatment with adelphan. The etiology of hypoplasia of the intrahepatic bile ducts is unknown. It may be a malformation or an obliteration secondary to inflammation. In our patient, narrowing of the renal arteries, increase of plasma-renin activity and hypertension were probably secondary to hyperlipidemia. It has been suggested that hyperlipemia secondary to cholestasis may be due to a disturbance of lipoprotein metabolism. A review of reports on 118 patients suffering from intrahepatic bile ducts hypoplasia is included.
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PMID:[Hypertension and bilateral stenosis of the renal artery associated with congenital hypoplasia of the intrahepatic bile ducts (author's transl)]. 124 84

Cholesterol contents of 16 different tissues were determined in 12 normal roosters, 12 roosters with diet-induced, exogenous hypercholesteremia, 10 actively laying hens with minimal endogenous hypercholesteremia, and 12 nonlaying hens with hereditable extreme hyperlipidemia. The tissue cholesterol contents of the normal roosters were strikingly similar to that of the corresponding tissues of the mammals except for a low cholesterol content of the brain in chickens. The hypercholesteremia in the roosters fed a 2% cholesterol diet for 2 months was associated with an increase of cholesterol content in all tissues except the brain, muscle, and adipose tissue. The actively laying hens, on the other hand, had a decreased cholesterol content in most tissues, despite the persistence of a minimal hypercholesteremia for 18 months and significant aortic cholesterol accumulation with mild atherosclerosis. The nonlaying hens developed extreme hypercholesteremia and severe atherosclerosis but only a moderately expanded cholesterol pool in most tissues. The results indicated a remarkable difference in tissue response to diet-induced exogenous hypercholesteremia and endogenous hyperlipidemia associated with laying activity in chickens and the propensity of their aortas to accumulate excessive cholesterol in the presence of either endogenous or exogenous hyperlipidemia.
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PMID:Cholesterol contents of various tissues of chickens with exogenous or endogenous hypercholesteremia. 125 11


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