Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. Human erythrocyte membrane cholesterol, fluidity and basal and calmodulin-stimulated calcium pump (Ca(2+)-Mg(2+)-ATPase) activities were compared in 24 patients with primary combined hyperlipidaemia and 20 age-matched normolipidaemic control subjects. 2. There was no correlation between serum and membrane cholesterol. Despite the differences in serum cholesterol levels between the two groups, membrane cholesterol levels were similar. 3. 1,6-Diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene anisotropy was lower in the hyperlipidaemic group, suggesting increased fluidity in the hydrocarbon core of the phospholipid membrane bilayer. 4. Basal calcium pump activity was lower in the hyperlipidaemic group with increased membrane fluidity. 5. These results suggest that membrane adaptive mechanisms can maintain membrane cholesterol within a narrow range, that serum triacylglycerol is more important than serum cholesterol in determining membrane fluidity and that increased membrane fluidity reduces basal calcium pump activity.
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PMID:Human erythrocyte membrane fluidity and calcium pump activity in primary combined hyperlipidaemia. 773 99

Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for the premature development of coronary heart disease and it has been shown to increase the incidence of myocardial ischemia and cardiac events. Pentacyclic triterpenes possess antiatherosclerotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects. To study the effect of plant derived triterpene, lupeol and its ester lupeol linoleate, on lipid status and biochemical changes on heart tissue, male albino Wistar rats were fed high-cholesterol diet (normal rat chow supplemented with 4% cholesterol and 1% cholic acid; HCD) for 30 days. There was a significant (p<0.001) increase in the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids along with augmented activities of lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase in the heart tissue. Triterpenes treatment reduced the above alterations produced in hypercholesterolemic rats. The transmembrane enzymes, namely Na(+), K(+)-ATPase, Ca(2+)-ATPase and Mg(2+)-ATPase showed a decrease in their activities. Triterpenes treatment reversed these levels, prevented the hypertrophic cardiac histology and restored the normal ultrastructural architecture. In conclusion, lupeol and lupeol linoleate intervention minimized the lipid abnormalities and abnormal biochemical changes induced by HCD fed rats. This shows that triterpenes possess cardioprotective effects which will be beneficial in hypercholesterolemic condition. Out of these two triterpenes tested, lupeol linoleate appeared to be even more effective than lupeol.
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PMID:Protective effect of lupeol and its ester on cardiac abnormalities in experimental hypercholesterolemia. 1733 64

Plasma levels of lipids, lipoproteins and lipid peroxides and erythrocyte Na(+)-K(+) ATPase, Mg(2+)ATPase and antioxidant enzymes were measured in type-2 diabetic patients. A significant decrease in Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity was observed in diabetic patients which was negatively correlated with blood glucose and lipid peroxides, while the Mg(2+)-ATPase activity was increased. In the diabetic subjects the plasma concentrations of Na(+) and K(+) were increased where as erythrocyte levels of Na(+) were increased and K(+) were decreased. Hyperlipidaemia and increased levels of lipid peroxides were observed in the diabetic subjects. There was a significant increase in erythrocyte catalase activity in diabetics which positively correlated with their lipid peroxides. There was no change in GPx activities between controls and diabetics.
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PMID:Hyperlipidemia, increased lipid peroxidation and changes in antioxidant enzymes, Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase in erythrocytes of type 2 diabetic patients in andhra pradesh. 2310 15