Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Macula densa cells have an important role in the regulation of glomerular blood flow and glomerular filtration by its regulation of afferent arteriolar vascular tone. Nitric oxide derived from neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in macula densa can dilate afferent arterioles. Macula densa nNOS is important for renin secretion, and its expression is regulated by dietary salt, renal angiotensin II, intracellular pH, and other factors. In salt-sensitive hypertension, nNOS is suppressed, whereas in SHR or in the early phase of diabetes, nNOS is increased in macula densa along with NADPH oxidase, which limits NO bioavailability. Renal damage induced by hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia could be prevented by enhancement of nNOS in macula densa with ACEI, dipyridamole, alpha(1)-receptor blocker, a low-salt diet, or sodium bicarbonate. Sodium bicarbonate is a safe and clinically available enhancer of nNOS in macula densa that increases glomerular blood flow and prevents the reduction of GFR in radiocontrast nephropathy and chronic renal failure. In conclusion, the enhancement of nNOS in the macula densa can be a promising strategy to prevent reduction of renal function.
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PMID:Role of macula densa neuronal nitric oxide synthase in renal diseases. 1657 7

This study is to observe preventive effect of (Z)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl) docos-13-enamide on hyperlipidemia and fatty liver of golden hamsters. Hyperlipidemic golden hamsters fed with high-fat diet was administered orally with (Z)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl) docos-13-enamide (10, 20 and 40 mg x kg(-1)) for 5 weeks. Levels of serum and hepatic lipid content, liver histology, hepatic MDA and SOD levels, serum ALT and AST levels were evaluated in golden hamsters. (Z)-N-(2-Hydroxyethyl) docos-13-enamide has a hypolipidemic effect, and could reduce hepatic lipid content, serum ALT and AST levels, hepatic MDA level, increase hepatic SOD activity. (Z)-N-(2-Hydroxyethyl) docos-13-enamide plays an important role in reducing serum lipid, restraining hepatic fatty deposition and protecting liver to get rid of peroxidation injury of hyperlipidemic golden hamsters. The exact lipid-lowering mechanism of (Z)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl) docos-13-enamide needs further investigation.
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PMID:[The hypolipidemic and liver protective effect of (Z)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl) docos-13-enamide on hyperlipidemic golden hamsters]. 2322 59

Hyperlipidemia treatment based on niacin requires gastrointestinal administration of relatively high doses. The recommended dietary allowance of niacin as vitamin B3 is 14 to 16 mg daily in adults, while the doses of niacin used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia are generally in the range of 1 to 3 g. Administration of such large doses requires a high concentration of the active compound in the tablet and proper control of the drug release. In this study, a hydrogel matrix based on poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and polyvinylpyrrolidone was investigated as delivery vehicle for controlled NA release into the gastrointestinal environment. The prepared hydrogel matrices varied in used monomer and crosslinker types and concentrations. The content of NA in tablets was between 65-80 %. The release profiles of NA from tablets were examined under three different pH values (1, 4.5 and 6.8) over the time period of 30 h. The effects of the monomer ratio, the crosslinking of the polymer network, and the solubility of niacin during drug release under various pH are discussed. The results showed that the release time period can be achieved in a relatively wide range of time and can be adjusted according to the medical requirements.
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PMID:The use of a hydrogel matrix for controlled delivery of niacin to the gastrointestinal tract for treatment of hyperlipidemia. 2644 95