Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Since dietary calcium had been reported to reduce plasma lipids, the effects of calcium carbonate (CaCO3, 2 g/day) and the calcium salt of p-chlorphenozyisobutyrate (Ca-CPIB, 2 g/day), both singly and in combination, were studied in outpatients with primary hyperlipidaemia. Three groups of five patients were followed in a double-blind cross-over study, in which placebo and the drugs were given alternately during four-week periods. The main results were: 1) CaCO3 alone did not produce any significant changes in plasma lipids. 2) Ca-CPIB reduced LDL-cholesterol in patients with type IIa and IIb by an average of 29 and 21%, respectively. It also lowered VLDL-triglyceride by 50% in type IIb and by 48% in four out of five patients with type IV. 3) The combination of CaCO3 and Ca-CPIB reduced LDL-cholesterol by 31 and 25% in types IIa and IIb, respectively. It also lowered VLDL-triglyceride by 48-52% in types IIa and by 46% in four out of five patients with type IIb. 4) Three out of five patients with type IV had a rise of LDL-cholesterol while on Ca-CPIB alone; two of the patients had the rise while on the combination. 5) After treatment with Ca-CPIB, either singly or in combination, there was a statistically significant lowering of ESR and of plasma inorganic phosphate and alkaline phosphatase. No clinical side effects were noted.
 ...
PMID:Effect of calcium p-chlorphenoxyisobutyrate and calcium carbonate on plasma lipids and lipoproteins of patients with hyperlipoproteinaemia. 35 20

The investigations were carried out in 30 patients with primary hyperlipidaemia (hypercholesterolaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia and mixed form). The serum total cholesterol and triglycerides, and in the erythrocytes the levels of AMP, ADP, ATP, ATP complex with Fe, MP, HDP and DGP were determined. Twenty blood donors served as a control group. The obtained results showed a statistically highly significant rise in ADP concentration in all investigated subgroups of hyperlipidaemic subjects, and a non-significant quantitative shift of other determined phosphate compounds.
 ...
PMID:Certain phosphate compounds in the erythrocytes of patients with primary hyperlipidaemia. 50 54

The state of carbohydrate metabolism was studied under conditions of endogenous hyperlipemia induced by triton WR-1339. The data obtained testify to the fact that administration of triton WR-1339 to experimental animals intensifies lipogenesis from carbohydrates, that is confirmed by a decrease in the glycogen amount in the liver and by an activation of the pentose-phosphate pathway of carbohydrate oxidation which is important for cells intensely synthetizing fatty acids. Thus, there is a relation between disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism and development of hyperlipemia induced by the triton.
 ...
PMID:[Carbohydrate metabolism and endogenous hyperlipemia]. 72 96

A description of the extensive literature on the methodologies for the determination of serum phosphate has been reviewed. The evolution of the various phases of the analytical techniques developed in the last century leading to the simplified, sensitive and accurate procedures of the present have been presented in some detail. A procedure involving a simple direct reaction for the determination of inorganic phosphate in serum using ascorbic acid as a reducing agent and a citrate-arsenite mixture as a stabilizing-sensitizing reagent, all in a semi-aqueous medium containing dimethysulfoxide and the detergent Teepol 610 is recommended. Jaundice and mild hemolysis are noninterferencts and turbidity from severe lipemia is easily overcome by reversing the sequence in which reagents are added because citrate binds molybdate in preference to phosphate. Thus, the serum blank and the reacted serum are identical in makeup thereby yielding an idealized correction for irrelevant absorption. Reaction characteristics and potential errors are included in the discussion of the procedure.
 ...
PMID:Review of phosphate methodologies. 118 Apr 82

The glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase activity by the fatty tissue in patients with alimentary adiposity was studied. A well-marked fall of the activity by comparison with controls, especially in patients with hyperlipidemia, was revealed. Following treatment of the patients with reduction diets their falling body weight was paralleled by significantly rising activity of the fatty tissue G-6-P-D. Tests in vitro failed to show pyridozine and pyridoxal-6-phosphate to affect the activity of the enzyme.
 ...
PMID:[Influence of reducing diets on the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity of the fatty tissue in patients with metabolic-alimentary obesity]. 122 9

A direct mehtod [Clin. Chim. Acta 46, 113 (1973)] for determination of inorganic phosphate in serum was adapted for use with a centrifugal analyzer. Contamination is minimized and analysis rate maximized by doing the reaction in the reagent wells of the transfer disc and by utilizing the high-speed spectrophotometric and data-reduction capabilities of the centrifugal analyzer. Hemolysis, icterus, and moderate lipemia cause no interference. Grossly lipemic sera and sera from patients with plasma cell dyscrasias can be analyzed by incorporating appropriate blanking and dilution techniques. The method exhibits excellent sensitivity and precision and results correlate well with those from a continuous-flow procedure.
 ...
PMID:Improved method for measurement of inorganic phosphate in serum with a centrifugal analyzer. 124 30

We describe the unique clinical and histopathologic features of a child with biochemical and immunocytochemical features of Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC). Clinically, she was found to have multiple xanthomas of the upper aerodigestive tract with dysphagia and expressive language delay, splenomegaly, bony infarcts, and type IIb hyperlipidemia. Neurologic examination was otherwise normal. Microscopy revealed foam cells in her bone marrow, liver, tongue, tonsils, glottis, and in normal-appearing peritonsillar mucosa. Lipid analysis of a liver biopsy specimen showed a small increase in phospholipids, a twofold increase in sphingomyelin, a fivefold increase in cholesterol, and a marked (25-fold) increase in bis(monoacylglycerol) phosphate. Lysosomal acid hydrolase activities in cultured skin fibroblasts were nondiagnostic. Biochemical and immunocytochemical studies of cultured fibroblasts demonstrated lysosomal accumulation of unesterified LDL-derived cholesterol as well as delayed induction of homeostatic responses to endogenous cholesterol consistent with a diagnosis of NPC. Based upon these observations, we speculate that this patient could have a new phenotypic expression of NPC or represents a new cholesterol lipidosis biochemically resembling NPC. The chance occurrence of two separate lipid disorders seems less likely.
 ...
PMID:Clinical, pathologic, and biochemical features of a cholesterol lipidosis accompanied by hyperlipidemia and xanthomas. 151 68

We developed an assay for serum magnesium (Mg) by coupling phosphoglucomutase (EC 2.7.5.1) with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49). The kinetic generation of NADPH by the action of the above two enzymes upon glucose-1-phosphate (G-1-P) and glucose-1,6-diphosphate (G-1,6-P) was proportional to the concentration of Mg in serum, and was monitored at 340 nm. The average within-run and day-to-day imprecision (% CVs), as determined from 10 replicate analyses for three sera with different Mg concentrations, were 0.8 to 2.1% and 1.9 to 2.7%, respectively. For 60 clinical samples, including several with lipemia and hemolysis, our method showed good agreement with atomic absorption spectrophotometry and the Xylidyl Blue method. We also present data showing that the method is highly sensitive, rapid, relatively free of interference, and amenable to automation.
 ...
PMID:Development of an enzymatic method for the assay of serum magnesium using phosphoglucomutase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. 183 12

Functional and metabolic parameters of thoracic aorta from Watanabe heritable hyperlipemic (WHHL) rabbits (aged 11-14 months) were investigated in vitro. The aortic preparations, normally responsive to noradrenaline, showed a diminished response to the endothelium-dependent agent, acetylcholine, in comparison with control preparations from age-matched New Zealand rabbits (maximal relaxation: 33 +/- 4% in WHHL vs. 52 +/- 2% in controls: P less than 0.005). ATP relaxant effect (only partially endothelium-dependent) was unimpaired in WHHL aorta, and it was much higher than in controls (maximal response: 63 +/- 6% vs. 37 +/- 3%, respectively; P less than 0.005). The response to NaNO2, an endothelium-independent relaxant, was unchanged in WHHL aortas. Acetylcholine-induced response was found to be inversely related to the degree of total cholesterol infiltration in aorta (r = -0.62, P less than 0.05). No correlation was observed between either total serum cholesterol or triglycerides and ACh-induced response. Furthermore, the concentration of adenine nucleotides and nucleosides in the aortic tissue of WHHL rabbits was lower than in controls, indicating a loss of energy balance. The results indicate a functional damage induced by genetic hyperlipidemia on endothelium-dependent relaxation and an impairment of energy-rich phosphate metabolism of the aortic wall. The relationship between functional and metabolic parameters is not yet clarified.
 ...
PMID:Endothelium-dependent relaxation, cholesterol content and high energy metabolite balance in Watanabe hyperlipemic rabbit aorta. 261 Jul 24

Various endocrine and metabolic disturbances associated with long standing uremia persist after kidney transplantation or arise from the use of immunosuppressive drugs. Hyperlipidemia for long time being implicated as the cause of corticosteroids is also observed in renal transplant recipients treated with cyclosporin A monotherapy. After conversion from cyclosporin to azathioprine serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentration fall, and elevation of LDL-cholesterol may also be reversed. There is a tendency for higher HDL-cholesterol in azathioprine and prednisolone treated transplant patients. Those patients who are at risk for clinically significant cholesterol elevations can be predicted by their pretransplant lipid levels, specifically the LDL-fraction. Risk-benefit ratio of conversion and of treatment with lipid-lowering drugs, especially with lovastatin, should be carefully examined, also in view of glucose intolerance. Higher incidence of diabetes mellitus requiring insulin therapy in cyclosporin treated transplant recipients has been reported. Cyclosporin may cause toxic effects on pancreatic beta-cells resulting in inhibition of insulin secretion. High doses of cyclosporin induce inhibition of glycogen synthesis in rat liver. Glucose intolerance is reversible after reduction of cyclosporin dose or conversion to azathioprine. Therefore glucose metabolism in kidney transplant recipients treated with cyclosporin should be carefully followed. Immunosuppressive therapy may affect reproductive function, arachidonate metabolism and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system as well as posttransplant calcium and phosphate metabolism. Endocrine and metabolic abnormalities are associated with long standing uremia. After successful kidney transplantation several observations are normalized but further complications arise from the use of immunosuppressive drugs. The present paper reviews various endocrine and metabolic disturbances described following renal transplantation.
 ...
PMID:Endocrine and metabolic abnormalities following kidney transplantation. 268 69


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>