Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We developed an assay for serum magnesium (Mg) by coupling phosphoglucomutase (EC 2.7.5.1) with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49). The kinetic generation of NADPH by the action of the above two enzymes upon glucose-1-phosphate (G-1-P) and glucose-1,6-diphosphate (G-1,6-P) was proportional to the concentration of Mg in serum, and was monitored at 340 nm. The average within-run and day-to-day imprecision (% CVs), as determined from 10 replicate analyses for three sera with different Mg concentrations, were 0.8 to 2.1% and 1.9 to 2.7%, respectively. For 60 clinical samples, including several with lipemia and hemolysis, our method showed good agreement with atomic absorption spectrophotometry and the Xylidyl Blue method. We also present data showing that the method is highly sensitive, rapid, relatively free of interference, and amenable to automation.
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PMID:Development of an enzymatic method for the assay of serum magnesium using phosphoglucomutase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. 183 12

Diabetic dyslipidemia with elevated postprandial triglyceride (TG) responses is characteristic in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Diet and meal timing can modify postprandial lipemia (PPL). The impact of a pre-meal of whey proteins (WP) on lipid metabolism is unidentified. We determined whether a WP pre-meal prior to a fat-rich meal influences TG and apolipoprotein B-48 (ApoB-48) responses differentially in patients with and without T2D. Two matched groups of 12 subjects with and without T2D accomplished an acute, randomized, cross-over trial. A pre-meal of WP (20 g) or water (control) was consumed 15 min before a fat-rich meal (supplemented with 20 g WP in case of water pre-meal). Postprandial responses were examined during a 360-min period. A WP pre-meal significantly increased postprandial concentrations of insulin (P < 0.0001), glucagon (P < 0.0001) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) (P < 0.0001) in subjects with and without T2D. We detected no effects of the WP pre-meal on TG, ApoB-48, or non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) responses to the fat-rich meal in either group. Paracetamol absorption i.e. gastric emptying was delayed by the WP pre-meal (P = 0.039). In conclusion, the WP pre-meal induced similar hormone and lipid responses in subjects with and without T2D. Thus, the WP pre-meal enhanced insulin, glucagon and GIP responses but did not influence lipid or glucose responses. In addition, we demonstrated that a WP pre-meal reduced gastric emptying in both groups.
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PMID:Pre-Meal Effect of Whey Proteins on Metabolic Parameters in Subjects with and without Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Crossover Trial. 2937 Jan 44

Oxidative stress is an important pathological mechanism in various liver diseases. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (PM) can be used for the treatment of diseases associated with aging, hyperlipidemia, and oxidative stress in traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, we examined the hepatoprotective effects of the ethanolic extract of PM (PME) in in vitro and in vivo models. The PME induced expression of antioxidant-response-element- (ARE-) related genes in HepG2 cells showed a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment of HepG2 cell with PME suppressed H2O2- and acetaminophen- (APAP-) induced cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and cytotoxicity. In APAP-induced mouse liver injury, pretreatment with PME also showed ability to increase the survival rate and reduce the severity of liver injury. Treatment with PME attenuated bile duct ligation-induced extrahepatic cholestatic liver injury and further increased multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4) and reduced organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) expression. Furthermore, increased nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was observed after treatment with PME in both in vivo models. In conclusion, the current study showed the hepatoprotective activity of PME by regulating the redox state in liver injury through Nrf2 activation and controlling hepatic bile acid homeostasis in obstructive cholestasis, through bile acid transporter expression modulation.
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PMID:Hepatoprotective Activity of the Ethanolic Extract of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. against Oxidative Stress-Induced Liver Injury. 3041 31