Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have studied the effects of chronic treatment with cromakalim (75 ug kg(-1) per day) and glibenclamide (20 mg kg(-1) per day) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Injection of alloxan (60 mg kg(-1)/i.v., single dose) produced a significant increase in the blood pressure, bradycardia, hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia, hypothyroidism and depression in left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP). While glibenclamide significantly prevented alloxan-induced hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinaemia, it failed to alter hypertension, bradycardia, hypertriglyceridaemia and hypercholesterolemia. Treatment with cromakalim-prevented hypertension and bradycardia, but not the hyperglycemia or hypoinsulinaemia. Co-administration of cromakalim with glibenclamide antagonized the effect of glibenclamide on these parameters. Cromakalim treatment also prevented alloxan-induced hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridaemia. It also produced a significant increase in serum T(3) and T(4) levels. Glibenclamide did not significantly alter alloxan-induced hypothyroidism. In conclusion our data suggest that cromakalim and glibenclamide produce some metabolic effects that are either not related to K(ATP) channel modulation or may involve different sub-types of potassium channels. Further glibenclamide when combined with cromakalim may not be beneficial in a condition when diabetes mellitus and hypertension co-exits.
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PMID:Effects of chronic treatment with cromakalim and glibenclamide in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. 1222 Sep 47

It is currently unknown whether gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a prevalent obstetrical complication, compounds the changes in drug disposition that occur naturally in pregnancy. Hyperlipidemia occurs in GDM. Using a rat model of GDM, we determined whether excess lipids compete with drugs for plasma protein binding. Because lipids activate nuclear receptors that regulate drug transporters and metabolic enzymes, we used proteome analysis to determine whether hyperlipidemia indirectly leads to the dysregulation of these proteins in the liver. GDM was induced on gestational day 6 (GD6) via streptozotocin injection. Controls received either vehicle alone or streptozotocin with subsequent insulin treatment. Liver and plasma were collected on GD20. Glyburide and saquinavir protein binding was determined by ultrafiltration, and an established solvent method was used for plasma delipidation. Proteomics analysis was performed by using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation methodology with membrane-enriched hepatic protein samples. Relative to controls, GDM rat plasma contained more cholesterol and triglycerides. Plasma protein binding of glyburide and saquinavir was decreased in GDM. Delipidation normalized protein binding in GDM plasma. Proteins linked to lipid metabolism were strongly affected in the GDM proteomics data set, with prohyperlipidemic and antihyperlipidemic changes observed, and formed networks that implicated several nuclear receptors. Up-regulation of drug transporters and metabolic enzymes was observed (e.g., multidrug resistance 1/2, CYP2A1, CYP2B9, and CYP2D3). In this study, GDM-induced hyperlipidemia decreased protein binding and was associated with drug transporter and metabolic enzyme up-regulation in the liver. Both of these findings could change drug disposition in affected pregnancies, compounding changes associated with pregnancy itself.
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PMID:Impact of hyperlipidemia on plasma protein binding and hepatic drug transporter and metabolic enzyme regulation in a rat model of gestational diabetes. 2034 5

To investigate hypoglycaemic, hypolipidaemic and pancreatic beta cell regeneration activities of Momordica charantia L fruits(MC). Alloxan induced diabetic rabbits were treated with methanolic and ethanolic MC extract. Effects of plant extracts and the drug glibenclamide on serum glucose, lipid profile and pancreatic beta cell were determined after two weeks of treatment. Serum glucose and lipid profiles were assayed by kit methods. Pancreatic tissue histopathology was performed to study pancreatic beta cells regeneration. Momordica charantia extracts produced significant hypoglycaemic effects (p < 0.05). Hypolipidaemic activity of MC was negligible. Momordica charantia supplementations were unable to normalize glucose and lipid profiles. Glibenclamide, a standard drug, not only lowered the hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia but also restored the normal levels. Regeneration of pancreatic beta cells by MC extracts was minimal, with fractional improvement produced by glibenclamide. The most significant finding of the present study was a 28% reduction in hyperglycaemia by MC ethanol extracts. To determine reliable antidiabetic potentials of MC, identification of the relevant antidiabetic components and underlying mechanisms is warranted.
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PMID:Antidiabetic Evaluation of Momordica charantia L Fruit Extracts. 2542 71

We performed a network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy of 12 single-drug regimens (Glibenclamide, Glimepiride, Pioglitazone, Rosiglitazone, Repaglinide, Metformin, Sitaglitin, Exenatide, Liraglutide, Acarbose, Benfluorex, and Glipizide) in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Fifteen relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included; direct and indirect evidence from these studies was combined, and weighted mean difference (WMD) and surface under the cumulative ranking curves (SUCRAs) were examined to evaluate the monotherapies. Liraglutide was more effective than Glimepiride, Pioglitazone, Sitaglitin, Exenatide, and Glipizide at reducing glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. In contrast, Acarbose was less effective than Glibenclamide, Glimepiride, Pioglitazone, Rosiglitazone, Repaglinide, Metformin, and Liraglutide at decreasing HbA1c levels. Reductions in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels were similar after all treatments. Rosiglitazone was less effective than Glibenclamide and Repaglinide at reducing total cholesterol (TC) levels. High density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglyceride levels did not differ after treatment with any of the monotherapies. HbA1c and FPG SUCRA values were highest for Liraglutide, while HbA1c and FPG values were lowest for Acarbose, and TC and LDL values were lowest for Rosiglitazone. These results suggest that Liraglutide may be most effective, and Acarbose least effective, at reducing blood glucose levels, while Glibenclamide, Repaglinide, and Metformin may be most effective, and Rosiglitazone least effective, at reducing lipoidemia, in T2DM patients.
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PMID:Comparison of twelve single-drug regimens for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. 2906 19

Change in dietary pattern, sedentary life style and increasing stresses are contributing factors for high prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Diabetic complications often lead to cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and hyperlipidemia that are the leading cause death and disability all over the world. Apart from pharmacotherapy, use of antihyperglycemic medicinal food is a new aspect in diabetes management and prevention of its complications. Phoenix dactylifera (date palm) has been traditionally used for different diseases because of the presence of bioactive agents like anthocyanin, phenols, sterols, carotenoids, procyanidins and flavonoids however its potential as a medicinal food is still unclear. Native date fruit variety Aseel oral suspension was evaluated using 32 normoglycemic and hyperglycemic Sprague dawley rats with two doses (300 and 600mg/kg) against control, disease control and standard drug (Glibenclamide 2.5mg/kg). Outcomes of normoglycemic studies reveals insignificant glucose lowering effects however hyperglycemic studies (glucose challenge and Alloxan inducted hyperglycemia) demonstrates significant glucose lowering effect of Aseel date especially with 300mg/kg dose. Data obtained during this study reveal significant anti-hyperglycemic effects of Aseel dates in diabetes management however further preclinical and clinical studies are required to verify the same.
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PMID:Report - Antidiabetic effects of native date fruit Aseel (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in normal and hyperglycemic rats. 2908 4