Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The renin-angiotensin system is an important modulator of arterial blood pressure and inhibitors of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE-Is) and are currently used in the treatment of hypertension. The pleiotropic actions exerted by angiotensin II (AngII) on the functionality of the vessel wall may have pro-atherosclerotic outcomes; evidence for an anti-atherosclerotic effect of ACE-Is has been presented and an antioxidant effect has been attributed to thiol-containing ACE-Is, like Captopril. The present study has been undertaken to investigate the effect of Delapril, a lipophilic ACE-I, on the development of atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits. While it did not correct hyperlipidemia, Delapril dose dependently inhibited the development of atherosclerosis, expressed as aortic area covered by lesions (23.3+/-4.1, 21.3+/-2.4 and 18.5+/-3.3% with Delapril at the daily dose of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg, respectively, versus 38.2%+/-6.4 for control animals) and its effect was similar to that of Captopril (14.5+/-5.1% at the daily dose of 25 mg/kg). Furthermore, Delapril partially and dose dependently restored endothelium-dependent relaxation, which is impaired in vessels from hypercholesterolemic animals (51.80+/-12.18, 59.74+/-5.16, 69.13+/-8.70 maximal percent relaxation versus 48.26+/-3.05% for the untreated control and 67.67+/-6.72% for Captopril-treated animals). An antioxidant mechanism is unlikely to explain this data, since Delapril does not contain thiol groups. These observations suggest that Delapril may represent an effective pharmacological approach for the treatment of atherosclerosis during its early phases.
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PMID:Delapril slows the progression of atherosclerosis and maintains endothelial function in cholesterol-fed rabbits. 956 38

The aim of present study--comparative characteristic of captopril and of losartan action on the oxidative metabolism in experimental hyperlipidemia. Experiments carried out on rabbits,which were divided into three groups(ten animal in each group) and orally receiving during 45 days: I control group (cholesterol 500mg/kg + methylthiouracil 100mg/kg, II group-captopril 5 mg/kg + cholesterol 500mg/kg + methylthiouracil 100mg/kg, III group-losartan 8mg/kg + cholesterol-500mg/kg + methylthiouracil 100mg/kg. Activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, level of malonic dialdehyde, osmotic resistance of erythrocytes and resistanse of LDL to oxidation and concentration of nitric oxide in the blood have been evaluated . The administration of captopril and losartan in experimental hyperlipidemia eqivalently increased activity of SOD and catalase, osmotic resistance of erythrocytes and resistanse of LDL to oxidation, whereas decreased content of malonic dialdehyde compared to the control group . Captopril was more effective than losartan in preserving of nitric oxide. We conclude that captopril and losartan inhibited oxidative stress, which are probably associated with the inhibition of angiotensin 11. Captopril and losartan are safely used in patients during cardio-vascular disease with dyslipidemia.
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PMID:[Comparative characteristic of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor--captopril and the angiotensin II receptor blokers--losartan action on the oxidative metabolism in experimental hyperlipidemia in rabbits]. 1798 66

The antihypertensive and hypolipidemic effects of milk fermented by specific Lactococcus lactis strains in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were investigated. The SHR were fed ad libitum milk fermented by Lc. lactis NRRL B-50571, Lc. lactis NRRL B-50572, Captopril (40mg/kg of body weight, Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO) or purified water for 4 wk. Results suggested that Lc. lactis fermented milks presented a significant blood pressure-lowering effect. No significant difference was noted among milk fermented by Lc. lactis NRRL B-50571 and Captopril by the second and third week of treatment. Additionally, milk fermented by Lc. lactis strains modified SHR lipid profiles. Milk fermented by Lc. lactis NRRL B-50571 and B-50572 were able to reduce plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride contents. Thus, milk fermented by Lc. lactis strains may be a coadjuvant in the reduction of hypertension and hyperlipidemia and may be used as a functional food for better cardiovascular health.
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PMID:Antihypertensive and hypolipidemic effect of milk fermented by specific Lactococcus lactis strains. 2362 47

Atherosclerosis and hypertension can potentially progess into dangerous cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Statins are widely used to lower cholesterol levels while antihypertensive agents such as captopril are widely prescribed to treat high blood pressure. Curcumin, a phenolic compound isolated from Curcuma domestica, has been proven effective for a broad spectrum of diseases, including hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. Therefore, curcumin is quite promising as an alternative therapeutic compound. Our previous studies have proven a significant increase in physical properties, bioavailability, and stability of curcumin when encapsulated in a nanoemulsion. The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of the nanoemulsion in enhancing curcumin activity as a antihypertensive and antihypercholesterolemic agent. The formulation and preparation method of the curcumin nanoemulsion have been developed in our previous study. Physical characterization was performed, including measurement of droplet size, polidispersity index, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and loading capacity. Antihypertensive activity of curcumin was evaluated by determining Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibition in vitro. A substrate for ACE, hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine was allowed to react with ACE, resulting in hippuric acid formation as the product. The degree of ACE inhibition by curcumin was represented by the amount of hippuric acid formed. Antihypercholesterolemic activity of curcumin was studied using the HMG-CoA reductase assay equipped with a 96-well UV plate. This assay was based on the spectrophotometric measurement of the decrease in absorbance which represents the oxidation of NADPH by the catalytic subunit of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) in the presence of the substrate HMG-CoA. Curcumin is known to have no significant difference in inhibiting ACE compared to Captopril, but when it was incorporated in the self-nanoemulsifying carrier, it slightly increased the inhibitory effect on ACE. In contrast, the effect of curcumin in reducing cholesterol based on the HMGR assay was more pronounced. Curcumin encapsulated in a nanoemulsion showed significant cholesterol-lowering activity compared to a standard drug, pravastatin. Therefore, we conclude that curcumin does not show ACE inhibitory effects, but has potential use as an alternative therapeutic compound to treat hyperlipidaemia. Curcumin encapsulated in a nanoemulsion increased not only the HMGR inhibition, but also ACE inhibition of curcumin. These effects are suggested to be the result of improved solubility in the nanoemulsion system.
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PMID:In Vitro Study on Antihypertensive and Antihypercholesterolemic Effects of a Curcumin Nanoemulsion. 2711 May 4