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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The prevalence of pediatric obesity is increasing in the United States. Sequelae from pediatric obesity are increasingly being seen, and long-term complications can be anticipated. Obesity is the most common cause of abnormal growth acceleration in childhood. Obesity in females is associated with an early onset of puberty and early menarche. Puberty is now occurring earlier in females than in the past, and this is probably related either directly or indirectly to the population increase in body weight. The effect of obesity on male pubertal maturation is more variable, and obesity can lead to both early and delayed puberty. Pubertal gynecomastia is a common problem in the obese male. Many of the complications of obesity seen in adults appear to be related to increased accumulation of visceral fat. It has been proposed that subcutaneous fat may be protective against the adverse effects of visceral fat. Males typically accumulate fat in the upper segment of the body, both subcutaneously and intraabdominally. In females, adiposity is usually subcutaneous and is found particularly over the thighs, although visceral fat deposition also occurs. Gender-related patterns of fat deposition become established during puberty and show significant familial associations. There are no reliable means for assessing childhood and adolescent visceral fat other than radiologically. Noninsulin-dependent diabetes is being seen more commonly in the pediatric population. Diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance are noted particularly in obese children with a family history of diabetes. In this situation, a glucose tolerance test may be indicated, even in the presence of fasting normoglycemia. Hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels are the primary lipid abnormalities of obesity and are related primarily to the amount of visceral fat. Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels are not typically elevated in simple obesity. The offspring of parents with early coronary disease tend to be obese. Very low-density lipoprotein and intermediate-density lipoprotein particles, which are small in size, may be important in atherogenesis but they cannot be identified in a fasting lipid panel. The propensity to atherogenesis cannot be interpreted readily from a fasting lipid panel, which therefore should be interpreted in conjunction with a family history for coronary risk factors. Hypertriglyceridemia may be indicative of increased visceral fat, familial combined hyperlipidemia, familial dyslipidemic hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, or diabetes. Almost half of adult females with polycystic ovary syndrome are obese and many have a central distribution of body fat. This condition frequently has its origins in adolescence. It is associated with increased androgen secretion, hirsutism, menstrual abnormalities, and infertility, although these may not be present in every case. Adults with polycystic ovary syndrome adults are hyperlipidemic, have a high incidence of impaired glucose tolerance and noninsulin-dependent diabetes, and are at increased risk for coronary artery disease. Weight reduction and lipid lowering therefore are an important part of therapy. Obstructive sleep apnea with daytime somnolence is a common problem in obese adults. Pediatric studies suggest that obstructive sleep apnea occurs in approximately 17% of obese children and adolescents. Sleep disorders in the obese may be a major cause of learning disability and school failure, although this remains to be confirmed. Symptoms suggestive of a sleep disorder include snoring, restlessness at night with difficulty breathing, arousals and sweating, nocturnal enuresis, and daytime somnolence. Questions to exclude obstructive sleep apnea should be part of the history of all obese children, particularly for the morbidly obese. For many children and adolescents with mild obesity, and particularly for females, one can speculate that obesity may not be a great health risk
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PMID:Childhood obesity, adipose tissue distribution, and the pediatric practitioner. 965 56

The prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) increases with age. ED has organic aetiologies and is associated with other clinical comorbidities. Men with ED are more likely to have: cardiac disease, diabetes, hypercholesterolaemia, angina, hypertension, prostate disease and depression. Similarly, men with these conditions are more likely to have ED. It is believed that vasculogenic ED shares a common aetiology with coronary artery disease, including hyperlipidaemia, diabetes and hypertension. Taking a careful history of onset, duration and associated symptoms may reveal possible causes of ED. Past medical history, disease control, trauma and medication use can provide vital information. ED patients with a sedentary lifestyle should be encouraged to exercise. In obese men, weight loss of 10% or more can improve IIEF score. Regular exercise, healthy diet, smoking cessation, limiting alcohol intake and avoiding recreational drugs can reduce the risk of, or improve, ED. It is important to differentiate between patients suffering from nocturnal frequency, enuresis or nocturnal polyuria as the causes and treatments for each of these conditions are different. Reducing fluid intake after 6 pm and avoiding alcohol and/or caffeine at night may reduce nocturnal voiding. Anticholinergics can decrease bladder overactivity. An improvement in nocturia and nocturia bother score have been shown after administration of oral melatonin. Nocturnal enuresis can often be the only symptom of high-pressure chronic retention which is prevalent in older men. It is important to recognise this condition as treatment can prevent further renal impairment. In nocturnal polyuria the urine output at night is more than a third of the total daily urine output. If conservative measures are not successful, in the absence of heart failure, a low-dose diuretic in the afternoon can help the kidneys get rid of the fluid before bedtime.
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PMID:Diagnosing urological disorders in ageing men. 2030 27

Objective To observe distribution laws and features of syndrome types of Chinese medicine (CM) in hyperlipidemia patients of Han, Uyghur, Kazakh nationalities in Xinjiang Uyghur Auton- omous Region. Methods Using cluster random sampling, 1 410 hyperlipidemia patients (18 -70 years old ) were recruited from Urumqi, Turpan, Altay, Ili, Aksu, Hetian in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Re- gion. The general condition, susceptible factors, classification of blood lipids, complications, syndromes of CM, tongue figure, etc. clinical data were investigated using self-formulated Epidemiological Investiga- tion Questionnaire on Susceptible Factors in Different Nationalities of Hyperlipemia Patients in Xinjiang (abbreviated as Questionnaire thereafter). Factor analysis and cluster analysis were performed. Results Cronbach's coefficient for the 54 syndrome items in Questionnaire was 0.891, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) 0. 897, Sig <0.05 in Bartlett's sphericity test. Seventeen common factors were obtained using principal component analysis (PCA). Totally 54 common symptoms of hyperlipidemia were screened, which were then divided into 17 groups with 1 -6 symptoms in each group. F4 (soreness and weakness of waist and knees, sour pain in joints and muscles, body numbness, heavy body sensation, cold limbs), F5 (frequent and clear nocturia, dysuria,-dribble of urine, frequent urination at night), F10 (thirsty, no desire for water, tastelessness, hydroadipsia) , F12 (a white complexion with puffiness, hid- ing fever, hypoactive sexual desire) , and F17 (enuresis) were merged as Shen yang deficiency (SYD) ; F2 (fatigue, drowsiness, depression, spiritlessness, fatigue and disinclination to talk) and F15 (poor ap- petite) were merged as Pi-qi deficiency (PQD) ; F3 (dry mouth and dry pharynx, thirsty, propensity for water, bitter mouth, greasy mouth, stingy mouth, irritability and upset) and F16 (dark red tongue proper, greasy tongue fur) were merged as damp-heat trapped in Pi (DHTP). Results of cluster analysis showed that Pi-Shen deficiency (PSD) was most often seen in hyperlipidemia, and main syndrome types were sequenced from high to low as Pi-Shen deficiency type (46. 2%, 652/1 410) , blockage of cardiac vessels type ( 31. 1% , 438/1 410 ), phlegm and blood stasis internal resistance type ( 13. 3% , 187/1 410), Pi-deficiency induced damp abundance type (8. 3%, 123/1 410), Gan-Shen yin deficiency type (0. 7%, 10/1 410). Conclusions Deficiency syndrome was dominant in hyperlipidemia patients of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. Phlegm turbidity, damp heat, and etc. were often complicated. The complex situation was manifested to be involved in multiple organs, qi-blood-fluid mixed disease.
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PMID:[Syndrome Features of Chinese Medicine in Hyperlipidemia Patients of Han, Uyghur, Kazakh Na- tionalities in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region]. 3064 Sep 86