Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Charcoal, in divided oral doses totalling 35 g/day, was administered to six patients with renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance of 0 to 45 ml/min). Significant (P less than 0.01) reductions in serum cholesterol and triglycerides were observed in the three most hyperlipidemic patients. Maximal decreases in charcoal responders, as compared with control values, were for cholesterol (43%, 23.4% and 40.4%) and for triglycerides (76%, 60.3% and 64.3%). None of the patients showed altered concentrations of BUN, serum creatinine, uric acid, or vitamin A. Because of its safety and the profundity of its hypolipidemic action, it is suggested that charcoal may find applicability in the management of azotemic diabetic and nephrotic hyperlipidemia.
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PMID:Charcoal-induced lipid reduction in uremia. 27 86

Protein-restricted diets are widely used in the dietary management of uremia. These diets are undoubtedly effective in ameliorating many aspects of the uremic syndrome. However, there is no consensus as to whether diets providing less than 0.6 g/kg per day of protein are nutritionally adequate and capable of preventing the wasting syndrome. Wasting is common in the adult patient with renal insufficiency as is growth failure in the uremic child. There is some evidence that wasted patients do less well on hemodialysis and are more prone to infection. Experimental studies in uremic animals point ot diminihsed efficiency of utilization of protein, increased gluconeogenesis from animo acids, and increased catabolism of protein in the fasting state; in addition, the metabolism of a number of individual amino acids is altered in uremia. In view of these multiple abnormalities, it would seem unwise to routinely provide less than the Recommended Daily Allowances of protein. More recent developments, i.e., supplementation of essential amino acids and perhaps alpha keto acids, may provide useful alternatives. One important aspect of dietary management, i.e. prevention of hyperlipidemia, has attracted surprisingly little attention so far. Therapy with protein restricted diets in nondialyzed uremic patients has to compete with other modalities of treatment currently available, i.e., hemodialysis and transplantation, in providing optimal medical rehabilitaiton of the patient.
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PMID:Protein restriction in the conservative management of uremia. 68 83

Glucose, free fatty acids, triglycerides and cholesterol in serum were determined in 14 patients during one of the dialysis with terminal renal insufficiency, kept on chronic hemodialysis, at two-hours intervals. None of the patients had severe hyperlipidemia prior to dialysis. A moderate elevation of glucose level developed with a distinct increase of the free fatty acids valued after hemodialysis with a relatively high glucose content in dialyse solution. Elevated triglyceride values were found in single patients, whereas cholesterol was practically kept unchanged.
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PMID:[Changes in the plasma values of glucose, free fatty acids, triglycerides and cholesterol in terminal kidney failure during hemodialysis]. 91 13

A case of a pluriglandular-insufficiency syndrome (Diabetes mellitus and primary hypothyroidism) is described. The history and symptomatology of the patient is presented and prevously published references are briefly discussed. The case reported was complicated by renal insufficiency and by a "muscle-syndrome" after clofibrate therapy for hyperlipidemia--two complications, which were possibly intensified by the hypothyroid state of the patient.
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PMID:[Diabetic nephropathy, hypothyroidism and colfibrate-induced myopathy (author's transl)]. 99 42

In practice, some of the major problems for the physician who treats hypertension are patients who are resistant to treatment or who have other complicating risk syndromes. Therefore the overall efficacy of an antihypertensive agent must include an assessment of effect in patients with serious ancillary problems. In this article, doxazosin is reviewed for its efficacy in the treatment of severe essential hypertension and specific complications or conditions of mild or moderate essential hypertension, namely, left ventricular hypertrophy, hyperlipidemia, noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, renal insufficiency, pheochromocytoma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peripheral vascular disease, and smoking. Doxazosin is particularly efficacious in many specific subgroups of patients with hypertension, and the results of relevant studies are discussed.
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PMID:Efficacy of doxazosin in specific hypertensive patient groups. 182 52

Renal disease is a frequent and serious complication of type I glycogen storage disease. A type I glycogen storage disease patient with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and progressive renal insufficiency underwent a renal allograft transplantation. Despite the same cornstarch therapy, the post-transplantation course was complicated by worsening of the metabolic control manifested by exacerbated lactic acidaemia and hyperlipidaemia. This lactic acidaemia was remarkable for its association with hyperglycaemia. Hyperglycaemia accompanied by lactic acidaemia is strikingly unusual in type I glycogen storage disease, since this is a disease characterized by hypoglycaemia and an inverse relationship between blood glucose concentration and lactate levels. Both fasting insulin and C-peptide levels in the patient were greater than similar age-matched type I glycogen storage disease controls, indicating hyperinsulinaemia. The most likely mechanism responsible for the combined hyperglycaemia and lactic acidaemia was insulin resistance due to glucocorticoid treatment, instituted for immunosuppression. The hyperglycaemia associated with the lactic acidaemia was transient and resolved with steroid tapering. The exacerbated hyperlipidaemia, however, persisted after renal transplantation. Type I glycogen storage disease patients may be prone to glucocorticoid-induced insulin resistance, since the cellular metabolism in these patients may already be compromised with ineffective insulin action and/or reduced insulin output.
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PMID:Hyperglycaemia associated with lactic acidaemia in a renal allograft recipient with type I glycogen storage disease. 186 63

Hydroxyurea's place in the scheme of psoriasis therapy has diminished in recent years. Some practitioners mistakenly believe that it is used only in desperate situations, is of little or no benefit in patients unresponsive to more conventional systemic therapies, and may predispose patients to the development of secondary malignancies. Moreover, a legitimate argument against the use of this drug may be made by physicians concerned about the proliferation of systemic therapies for what is a benign, albeit unsightly, eruption. However, hydroxyurea therapy is not without advantages. It is easily dosed, relatively inexpensive, and has few contraindications or subjective side effects. In addition, patients with common systemic disorders such as hyperlipidemia, mild renal insufficiency, and cardiopulmonary disease who may not be potential candidates for other medications may be managed with hydroxyurea.
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PMID:Hydroxyurea therapy. 191 91

Type I glycogen storage disease (GSD-I) is due to the deficiency of glucose-6-phosphatase activity in the liver, kidney and intestine. Although kidney enlargement occurs in GSD-I, renal disease has not been considered a major problem until recently. In older patients (more than 20 years of age) whose GSD-I disease has been ineffectively treated, virtually all have disturbed renal function, manifested by persistent proteinuria; many also have hypertension, renal stones, altered creatinine clearance or a progressive renal insufficiency. Glomerular hyperfiltration is seen in the early stage of the renal dysfunction and can occur before proteinuria. In younger GSD-I patients, the hyperfiltration is usually the only renal abnormality found; and, in some patients, microalbuminuria develops before clinical proteinuria. The predominant underlying renal pathology is focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Renal stones and/or nephrocalcinosis are also common findings. Amyloidosis and Fanconi-like syndrome can occur, but rarely. The risk factors for developing the glomerulosclerosis in GSD-I include hyperfiltration, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperuricemia. Dietary therapy with cornstarch and/or nasogastric infusion of glucose, aimed at maintaining normoglycemia, corrects metabolic abnormalities and improves the proximal renal tubular function. Long-term trial will be needed to assess whether the dietary therapy may prevent the evolution or the progression of the renal disease.
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PMID:Type I glycogen storage disease: kidney involvement, pathogenesis and its treatment. 202 44

Three male children who had onset, at approximately age 2 years, of nephrotic syndrome, which progressed to renal insufficiency had left atrial atheromatosis at autopsy disproportionate to the degree of aortic or vascular atheromatosis found. The atrial atheromatous process was distributed in elongated nodules, which had a ridged or corduroy-like appearance on gross examination. Two of the patients showed renal lesions of advanced focal glomerulosclerosis, but one had membranoproliferative glomerulopathy, suggesting that the "syndrome" of early onset nephrotic syndrome progressing to renal insufficiency, hyperlipidemia, and exaggerated left atrial atheromatosis, of which association we have not found a specific report, is etiologically heterogeneous. The patients reported died in 1943, 1952, and 1963. Whether more recent methods of treatment of nephrotic syndrome, hyperlipidemia, or chronic renal insufficiency in children have altered the incidence of such disproportionate left atrial atheromatosis is not known.
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PMID:Left atrial atheromatosis in childhood nephrotic syndrome. 219 47

The available data indicate that in chronic renal failure (CRF) loss of renal function usually progresses at a constant rate toward end-stage renal disease. Although immunological events might be responsible for initiating most glomerular diseases, certain clinical and experimental observations suggest that the rate of progression of these diseases is influenced by several non immunological factors. These factors include systemic hypertension, proteinuria, hyperlipidemia, high protein intake, and probably conditions leading to glomerular hypertrophy. Interventions designed to minimize the potential contribution of these factors to the progression of renal insufficiency may halt or slow the loss of function at early and late stages of CRF.
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PMID:[Mechanisms of progression of glomerular sclerosis in chronic renal diseases in man]. 270 30


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