Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hypertensive disease is reported to be more severe in black patients than in white patients, but most available data concern African-Americans. We studied blood pressure history and levels, the prevalence of associated risk factors, renal and cardiovascular complications, and secondary forms of hypertension in patients born in sub-Saharan Africa and managed in France, by comparison with up to five control patients born in Europe and matched for age and sex. Compared to European hypertensive women, African hypertensive women had a higher body-mass index (28.8 vs 26.3 kg/m2, p<0.001) and were more often diabetic (12 vs 5%, p<0.001). Hypertensive men and women born in sub-Saharan Africa had higher systolic blood pressure (152 vs 148 mmHg, p<0.001), were more likely to have a history of stroke (11.7 vs 6.7%, p<0.001) and were less likely to have a history of smoking or hyperlipidemia than European controls. Sub-Saharan Africans were more frequently given antihypertensive medication than their paired controls (84 vs 74%, p<0.001), and their antihypertensive regimens were more likely to include a diuretic (54 vs 46%, p=0.001) or a calcium channel antagonist (58 vs 49%, p=0.001). Compared to European controls, patients born in sub-Saharan Africa had more frequent proteinuria (test strip positivity : 32 vs 18%, p<0.001), irrespective of blood pressure and diabetes. The overall prevalence of secondary hypertension was similar in the two populations. However, patients born in sub-Saharan Africa were more likely than their European controls to have primary hyperaldosteronism (12 vs 7%, p=0.001) and less likely to have renovascular disease (1 vs 5%, p=0.001). Thus, the higher prevalence of cardiovascular and renal complications at referral among patients born in sub-Saharan Africa relative to age- and sex-matched European patients does not seem to be explained solely by observed differences in blood pressure or associated risk factors. The difference in the distribution of secondary hypertension warrants further study.
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PMID:[Hypertensive disease in subjects born in sub-Saharan Africa or in Europe referred to a hypertension unit: a cross-sectional study]. 1866 71

Primary aldosteronism characterized by the overproduction of aldosterone by the adrenal glands, is sometimes accompanied by autonomous cortisol secretion. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed 8 cases of primary aldosteronism (PA) with subclinical Cushing's syndrome (SCS). A total of 71 patients with PA underwent surgery at Jikei University Hospital from 2004 to 2013, and 8 of them were diagnosed with coexistent SCS. Four patients were male and four were female. The mean patient age was 56.9 years. One of the patients also had pheochromocytoma in the adrenal gland on the ipsilateral side. All patients had hypertension, 6 had hypokalemia, 5 had diabetes mellitus, and 3 had hyperlipidemia. All patients had autonomous cortisol secretion as shown in 1 mg- or 8 mg-dexamethasone suppression tests even though baseline cortisol levels were normal. Adrenal venous blood sampling with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation was performed on 5 patients, but the localization of PA could not be detected in 1 patient. Adrenocortical scintigraphy revealed suppression of the contra-lateral adrenal uptake in all 7 patients. Six patients including one patient who showed complete suppression of the contra-lateral adrenal uptake in adrenocortical scintigraphy, and 2 patients, whose ACTH levels were less than the detection limit, received postoperative steroid hormone replacement. In the literature, SCS co-existed in approximately 8. 6% of the patients with PA. In our study, SCS co-existed in approximately 11.3%. The degree of the autonomous secretion of cortisol varied with the patient, and some cases are accompanied by Cushing's syndrome. Therefore, it is important to analyze the autonomous cortisol secretion even in patients with PA.
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PMID:[Clinical Evaluation of Primary Aldosteronism with Subclinical Cushing's Syndrome]. 2608 19