Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) results from atherosclerosis of large and medium peripheral arteries, as well as the aorta, and has many risk factors, including smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. PAOD often coexists with coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease. Cross-matching a population-based list of Icelandic patients with PAOD who had undergone angiography and/or revascularization procedures with a genealogy database of the entire Icelandic nation defined 116 extended families containing 272 patients. A genomewide scan with microsatellite markers revealed significant linkage to chromosome 1p31 with an allele-sharing LOD score of 3.93 (P=1.04 x 10(-5)). We designate this locus as "PAOD1." Subtracting 35 patients with a history of stroke increased the LOD score to 4.93. This suggests that, although PAOD and other vascular diseases share risk factors, genetic factors specific to subtypes of vascular disease may exist.
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PMID:Localization of a gene for peripheral arterial occlusive disease to chromosome 1p31. 1183 3

Peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) of the lower extremities is becoming more prevalent worldwide. Nonsurgical treatment options provide the foundation for management. Lifestyle and risk factor modification should be emphasized in this patient population because of the associated adverse cardiovascular events. This includes implementation of a regular walking and smoking-cessation programs, aggressive control of hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia. Antiplatelet agents such as aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) or clopidogrel are not specifically indicated for claudication but these drugs should be used in all patients with PAOD to prevent secondary ischemic events. Currently, cilostazol is the only US FDA approved agent that appears effective for the treatment of claudication symptoms. Several agents have been used with success outside of the US and others are still undergoing testing. Definitive recommendations cannot be made on the use of these drugs until further evaluation is completed. Ongoing research with new strategies for angiogenesis and the use of progenitor cells has yielded encouraging results, particularly for patients with critical limb ischemia and limited options. Advances in endovascular technology over the last several years have greatly enhanced the ability to diagnose and treat specific anatomic lesions that previously would have required open surgical correction. The use of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stents in the lower extremities has had considerable success when following specific guidelines such as those set forth by the TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus Working Group.
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PMID:Current management of peripheral arterial occlusive disease: a review of pharmacologic agents and other interventions. 1735 66

Peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAD) is a highly prevalent atherosclerotic syndrome associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It is defined by atherosclerotic obstruction of the abdominal aorta and arteries to the legs that reduces arterial flow during exercise and/or at rest, and is a common manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis. PAD represents a marker for premature cardiovascular events, and in patients with PAD, even in the absence of a history of myocardial infarction (MI) or ischemic stroke, they have approximately the same relative risk of death from cardiovascular causes as do patients with a history of coronary or cerebrovascular disease. In addition, their death rate from all causes is approximately equal in men and women and is elevated even in asymptomatic patients. The major risk factors for PAD are the well defined atherosclerotic risks such as diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking, advanced age, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension. Due to the presence of these risk factors, the systemic nature of atherosclerosis, and the high risk of ischemic events, patients with PAD should be candidates for aggressive secondary prevention strategies including aggressive risk factor modification, antiplatelet therapy, lipid lowering therapy and antihypertensive treatment. This article reviews the current medical treatment and risk factor modification of patients with PAD.
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PMID:Optimal risk factor modification and medical management of the patient with peripheral arterial disease. 1830 27