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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A total of 108 patients with myocarditis and cardiomyopathies and 25 with chronic coronary disease (CCD) were investigated. The most informative diagnostic criteria were identified for the differentiation between noncoronarogenic myocardial disease (NMD) and CCD. Bicycle ergometry was positive in all CCD patients, whereas in those with NMD it was negative or had to be discontinued because of fatigue. NMD was associated with increased activity of transaminases, LDH and its isonenzymes (first and second fractions) and normal lipid spectrum. In CCD patients, enzyme activity was normal, and hyperlipidemia was detected in 88%. Coxsackie virus B2 was found in 24 of 58 NMD patients and only 3 of 25 patients with CCD. Echocardiography was effective in the diagnosis of cardiomyopathies. The diagnostic value of the patient's medical history is emphasized.
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PMID:[Differential diagnosis of myocarditis, cardiomyopathy and chronic ischemic heart disease]. 631 18

Rats treated chronically with the anticancer agent adriamycin exhibited lipid peroxides in the serum and hyperlipidemia. Independent assay methods based on thiobarbituric acid reactivity and iodometric titration confirmed the presence of both lipid endoperoxides and hydroperoxides. Fractionation studies indicated that lipid peroxides were mainly associated with neutral lipids, including triglycerides, cholesterol esters and cholesterol, rather than with phospholipids. The lipid peroxides were distributed throughout the major serum lipoprotein classes. Although the origin of the lipid peroxides has not been established, the dose dependence for elevation of serum lipid peroxides approximately corresponds to that required for the development of cardiomyopathy. These findings support the conclusion that lipid peroxides are formed in vivo in rats treated chronically with adriamycin.
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PMID:Serum lipid peroxides in rats treated chronically with adriamycin. 646 48

We studied the effects of 6-week treatment with nifedipine (35 mg/kg/day orally, p.o.) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Injection of STZ [45 mg/kg intravenously, (i.v.) single dose] produced a significant increase in blood pressure (BP), bradycardia, hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia, hypothyroidism, depression in left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), cardiomyopathy, and nephropathy. Treatment of diabetic rats with nifedipine normalized the BP and prevented bradycardia. Insulin levels were decreased after nifedipine treatment in diabetic as well as nondiabetic rats. However, serum glucose levels were also partially decreased in diabetic animals by nifedipine treatment. In control animals as well, glucose levels were in the normal range despite lower insulin levels observed after nifedipine treatment. Nifedipine treatment significantly prevented STZ-induced increase in cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Nifedipine treatment significantly prevented STZ-induced hypothyroidism and also prevented STZ-induced cardiac depression and cardiomyopathy. Our data indicate that nifedipine increases insulin sensitivity and has some beneficial effects on cardiovascular parameters. It may therefore be considered a preferred drug in the treatment of hypertension associated with diabetes mellitus.
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PMID:Effects of chronic nifedipine treatment on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. 756 66

With the improvement of survival rates following cardiac transplantation, the probability of recipients developing extracardiac disease is increased. Three cases are reported of abdominal aortic aneurysm successfully operated on in cardiac allograft recipients 1 to 4 years after transplantation. Indications for transplantation were valvular, idiopathic and ischaemic cardiomyopathy. Post-transplant hypertension and hyperlipidaemia may have played a role in the rapid growth of the aneurysms. Cardiac function and the incidence of graft atherosclerosis were assessed before surgery by coronary angiography. All three patients were discharged from hospital. Abdominal aortic aneurysm resection may be a safe procedure in cardiac transplant patients. In view of the rapid increase in the size of the aneurysms in transplanted patients, careful screening should be performed during follow-up.
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PMID:Successful abdominal aortic aneurysm resection in long-term survivors of cardiac transplantation. 765 49

Coronary artery calcification (CAC) was easily demonstrated by plain CT-scan. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical significance of CAC in cardiovascular diseases. The subjects were 90 patients with ischemic heart disease (30 myocardial infarction, 50 exertional angina pectoris and 10 variant form of angina pectoris; 46 males and 44 females, 68 +/- 10 y/o) and 50 patients without ischemic heart diseases (30 hypertension, 10 arrhythmia, 3 valvular disease, 2 cardiomyopathy, 2 congenital heart disease and 3 others; 25 males and 25 females 65 +/- 9 y/o). CAC and calcification of thoracic aorta were evaluated by plain CT-scan (1 second scan time and 5 mm slice). The relationship between CAC and other clinical features (age, sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, smoking, resting ECG, exercise stress ECG, aortic calcification and optic fundi) were studied. CAC were seen more frequently in patients with ischemic heart disease (63%), old age (67%), aortic calcification (70%) and positive exercise testing (64%). On the other hand, CAC were rare in variant angina (30%). In younger patients (under 70 y/o), CAC were seen more frequently in diabetic patients. But, in older patients, CAC were frequently in those with hyperlipidemia. These results suggested that CAC was associated with not only systemic arteriosclerosis, but also ischemic heart disease, except vasospastic angina. The prognostic value of CAC would be studied later.
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PMID:Clinical significance of coronary artery calcification. 779 Jul 45

The burden of cardiac disease is high in chronic uremia. Cardiomyopathy results from a combination of cardiac disorders, particularly dilated cardiomyopathy, left ventricular hypertrophy with normal systolic function, and ischemic heart disease. The prognosis for these cardiac disorders is poor. Known potentially reversible risk factors include uremia, anemia, hypertension, smoking, coronary artery disease, hyperparathyroidism, hyperlipoproteinemia, and left ventricular hypertrophy. Randomized controlled clinical trials of interventions that may prevent or ameliorate cardiac disease in dialysis patients are required. These interventions include normalization of hematocrit with erythropoietin compared with partial correction of anemia, increased amount of dialysis compared with that provided by a dialysis prescription of KT/V of 1., control of blood pressure using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors compared with other antihypertensive agents, control of hyperlipidemia, and treatment of diabetes with agents that prevent collagen cross-linking.
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PMID:The management of cardiac disease in chronic uremia. 784 64

1. INTRODUCTION. In primary care, the appropriate selection of test items is needed for correct diagnosis; it is also needed from the point of view of cost effectiveness. Thus, the Japan Society of Clinical Pathology recommended screening test items in clinical medicine [1]. In this study, we developed a microcomputer-based decision support system using these screening items to guide general medical practitioners to a correct interpretation of the results of laboratory tests. 2. SYSTEM Configuration The current version of the decision support system is designed to be run on PC-9821Bp (486 NEC computer) under the Window 3.0 environment. The input parameters are 26 essential items of laboratory tests, including urinalysis, fecal occult blood, hematological, and biochemical and serological tests recommended by the Japan Society of Clinical Pathology. The support system is composed of two processes. Firstly, the system can output any of the following diagnostic categories: 1) inflammatory disease, 2) muscular or myocardial disease, 3) anemia, 4) malignant tumor, 5) reno-urinary disease, 6) hepatobiliary disease, 7) diabetes mellitus, 8) gastrointestinal disease, 9) bone disease, 10) hyperlipidemia, and 11) normal. In the next step, the system can output some recommendations as to what minimum tests or what maneuver must be done to reconfirm the final diagnosis. The diagnostic part of the program uses decision-tree logic. 3. RESULTS. The subjects were 219 patients who were admitted to the Nagoya University Hospital; the diagnostic categories had been already confirmed. In each diagnostic category, 10-20 cases of infectious disease, 34 of 74 cases of malignant disease, 2 of 6 cases of muscular disease, 14 of 14 cases of anemia, 2 of 16 cases of malignant tumor, 42 of 55 cases of reno-urinary disease, 8 of 14 cases of diabetes mellitus, 9 of 20 cases of gastrointestinal disease, 3 of 26 cases of bone disease, and 14 of 18 cases of hyperlipidemia were correctly diagnosed using the first step of this system. 4. DISCUSSION. This diagnosis supporting system was very efficient for screening anemia, reno-urinary disease, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia. If this system is combined with information from disease history and physical examination, the diagnosis will be both easy and enhanced. Since the system can suggest effective tests to pinpoint the disease, unnecessary tests will be avoided. Lower diagnostic accuracy was seen in infectious disease, malignant tumor, muscular disease, and bone disease. For these diagnostic categories, additional items are necessary. In conclusion, basic tests are very useful for screening anemia, reno-urinary disease, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia; the system can provide the minimum and correct test items for diagnosis in primary care.
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PMID:A decision support system for diagnostic consultation in laboratory tests. 859 61

The paper summarizes the studies documenting the outlasting of increased cardiovascular mortality in patients with Cushing's syndrome even after the hypercortisolism resolution. Despite the hypercortisolism resolution the mortality during the subsequent period of life is up to four-fold higher than in the comparable population as a whole. The pathogenesis of this cardiovascular risk is based on arterial hypertension, steroid cardiomyopathy and hyperlipidaemia with subsequent atherosclerosis. The post mortem material bears a parallel of the extent of atheromatous changes and duration of hypercorticolism. The prevention has to its disposition two mutually complementing means. The first is represented by clinical screening of hypercorticolism which enables an early recognition and therapy of the Cushing's syndrome. The successive measure resides in increased attention to the cardiovascular system even after hypercorticolism resolution. (Tab. 1, Fig. 1, Ref. 25.).
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PMID:[Cushing's syndrome is still a potentially fatal disease]. 862 39

Cardiomyopathy is a consistent feature of diabetic myocardium as well as in prolonged alcohol consumption. Diabetes-induced myocardial dysfunction has been attributed, in part, to calcium overload within individual myocytes. The present study compares the effectiveness of the calcium channel blocker nifedipine (dihydropyridine-type) with verapamil (phenylalkylamine-type) in reversing myocardial dysfunction and diminishing the negative inotropic effect of ethanol on diabetic rat myocardium. Wistar rats were made diabetic with streptozotocin (55 mg/kg, i.v.) and isolated electrically stimulated papillary muscles were studied under isometric conditions in the absence and presence of clinically relevant concentrations of ethanol (80-240 mg/dl, i e., 17.4-52.1 mM). Subgroups of diabetic and normal animals received daily injections of verapamil or nifedipine 2 weeks after induction of diabetes for 8 weeks. Untreated diabetic animals exhibited hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, reduced growth, cardiomegaly, and hepatomegaly. Compared to verapamil chronic nifedipine treatment normalized or reversed the effects of diabetes on myocardial mechanical function. The negative inotropic effect of ethanol was attenuated only in muscles from verapamil-treated diabetic animals. Thus, chronic nifedipine treatment may be more effective than verapamil in reducing hyperglycemia, attenuating both cardiac and liver enlargement, and restoring myocardial mechanical function, in experimental diabetes. However, chronic verapamil therapy is more effective in diminishing the negative inotropic effect of ethanol on diabetic myocardium. These findings may have clinical significance among diabetic patients who consume alcoholic beverages while receiving long-term calcium blocker therapy.
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PMID:Differential effects of chronic calcium channel blocker treatment on the inotropic response of diabetic rat myocardium to acute ethanol exposure. 876 17

Ten patients, eight males and two females with a mean age of 51.20 +/- 8.23 (SD) were seen in ABU Teaching Hospital, Zaria from 1985 to 1994 with either myocardial infarction or angina. Three patients were Asians and Lebanese. Seven had myocardial infarction and two had angina and one patient had ischaemic cardiomyopathy. There were four patients with anterior-lateral, two with inferior lateral and one anterior septal myocardial infarction. The diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction was based on symptoms and electrocardiograph. Five patients had angiogram with evidence of severe coronary disease. The risk factors identified were hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, smoking, Diabetes mellitus and male sex. Laboratory evidence was minimal because CK-MB is not a routine investigation in our centre, this might compromise the diagnosis.
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PMID:Ischaemic heart disease and myocardial infarction in ABU Teaching Hospital, Zaria: a 10 year review (1985 to 1994); a short report. 893 88


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