Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

According to the NCEP resins and nicotinic acid were selected as drugs of choice to treat hypercholesterolemia. Gemfibrozil and nicotinic acid were recommended for patients with HDL cholesterol below 35 mg/dl. Current concepts of efficacy and side effects lead to the following recommendations. a) type IIa severe hypercholesterolemia (LDL > 220 mg/dl): HGMC inhibitors or combined therapy with resins and nicotinic acid, fenofibrate, or bezafibrate. b) Moderate hypercholesterolemia (LDL < 220 mg/dl): bezafibrate and/or acipimox if HDL is < 35 mg/dl; fenofibrate, bezafibrate and/or acipimox if HDL > 35 mg/dl. As second line drugs, the HGMC inhibitors. c) Type IIb hyperlipidemia: first line, acipimox; second line, fibrates associated to acipimox. d) Type III hyperlipidemia: first line, fibrates; second line, an association of HGMC inhibitors and fibrates or acipimox. e) Type IV moderate hyperlipidemia (TG < 500 mg/dl): first line, acipimox, second line, fibrates alone or in association with acipimox. As general remarks, lovastatin has been effective and well tolerated in 98% of cases. Pravastatin seems to have very little side effects. Acipimox, a nicotinic acid derivative is especially effective in elevating HDL2b levels and decreasing LDL III. Given its adequate tolerance, acipimox has replaced nicotinic acid.
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PMID:[Pharmacologic treatment of dyslipidemias: Analysis of initiation recommendations and drug selection]. 972 1

The present study was performed to investigate the relevance of cholesterol levels of plasma lipoproteins [HDL (high-density lipoprotein), LDL (low-density lipoprotein), IDL (immediate-density lipoprotein), VLDL (very-LDL) and chylomicrons] determined by a novel HPLC method, with adiponectin, which is decreased in Type II diabetes and assumed to be involved in dysregulated metabolism and atherogenesis. Type II diabetic patients who were not treated with insulin, statins and fibrates were enrolled. Study subjects included Type II diabetic patients with normolipidaemia (DM-NL; n=15), type 4 hyperlipidaemia (DM-T4HL; n=13), Type IIa hyperlipidaemia (DM-T2aHL; n=15) and Type IIb hyperlipidaemia (DM-T2bHL; n=13). Fasting blood samples were collected. The serum adiponectin level was lower in DM-T2bHL than in any of the other groups. Cholesterol levels of each lipoprotein fraction, serum triacylglycerol (triglyceride), remnant-like particle-cholesterol, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c (glycated haemoglobin), age, gender difference and BMI (body mass index) were incorporated into a stepwise regression analysis as independent variables. VLDL-cholesterol correlated inversely with adiponectin independently of age, BMI, gender difference and glycaemic control. Although the mechanisms remain to be explored, serum adiponectin was reduced particularly in Type II diabetics with type IIb hyperlipidaemia and correlated inversely with VLDL-cholesterol. Measuring VLDL-cholesterol may be helpful for understanding the pathological features of diabetic dyslipidaemia.
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PMID:Implications of decreased serum adiponectin for type IIb hyperlipidaemia and increased cholesterol levels of very-low-density lipoprotein in type II diabetic patients. 1590 89