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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis is a form or peripheral arterial disease that tends to affect older subjects with hyperlipidemia, history of tobacco use, and who have other coexistent forms of vascular insufficiency. An abdominal bruit on physical exam can be a helpful clue. Slowly progressive, it can lead to critical narrowing of the renal arteries which creates a cascade of events such as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone activation (RAAS), hypertension, acute pulmonary edema, and renal fibrosis. The hypertension is considered a secondary form and can even be resistant to multiple antihypertensives. The diagnosis can be made with imaging (duplex ultrasound CT scans, MRA, or angiography). Because of the unique circulation to the kidney, stenting and angioplasty are rarely curative. This was confirmed in three recent large clinical trials. Therapy consists of lipid and blood pressure control, and dual anti-platelet agents. Because the disease activates the RAAS system, ace inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers can be useful agents but carry the risk of ischemic nephropathy, a form of acute kidney injury related to reduced renal blood flow after challenge with these agents. As such these agents are used with caution. Little is known about optimal blood pressure agents or the effect of lifestyle modification.
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PMID:Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis. 2787 31

Mitral valve aneurysm (MVA) is an ominous complication of infective endocarditis (IE), with worse outcomes seen among patients with preexisting valvular disease or intravenous drug use. Valve aneurysms can perforate or lead to rupture of the chordae tendineae, with the consequent development of severe mitral regurgitation and acute pulmonary edema. We present a case of a 54-year-old woman with hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peptic ulcer disease, obstructive sleep apnea, gastroesophageal reflux disease, intravenous drug abuse and bipolar disorder who developed MVA one month after being discharged for IE. Decline in the clinical status of patients with IE is a troubling sign that may indicate an IE complication such as MVA. Physicians should diligently monitor patients with IE for changes in signs and symptoms, as early recognition and surgical intervention are key to prevent further morbidity and mortality.
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PMID:Mitral Valve Aneurysm in Mitral Valve Endocarditis:A Case Report. 3243 57