Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This outline is based on dietary advice, regular exercise, diabetes education (including glucose monitoring) and, if necessary, an oral hypoglycaemic agent or insulin. Precipitating factors such as dietary indiscretions, infections, drugs, thyrotoxicosis and haemochromatosis should be sought, and associated cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity, hyperlipidaemia, hypertension and a history of smoking should receive attention.
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PMID:The patient with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus. 220 16

A study of the blood plasma content of total cholesterol in 575 healthy persons and 675 patients with diffuse toxic goiter (DTG), and the content of total lipids and triglycerides in 52 healthy persons and 132 DTG patients showed the development of adaptation hyperlipidemia in persons living long in the North. It was preserved in DTG patients irrespective of the gravity of thyrotoxicosis, stages of its therapy and the patients' age. Basing on the analysis of the level of lipid indices of erythrocytic membrane malonic dialdehyde and their refractoriness to peroxide hemolysis in 52 healthy persons and 53 DTG patients, a conclusion was made of excessive stable activation of lipid peroxidation biomembranes which can underlie the development of visceral complications.
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PMID:[Lipids of blood and erythrocyte membranes in healthy persons and in patients with diffuse toxic goiter, residing in the European North of the USSR]. 321 80

Plasmapheresis is the process by which plasma containing components causing or thought to cause disease is removed from the circulation, and the remaining blood components are returned with plasma or a harmless plasma substitute to the donor. It primarily removes protein-bound solutes or high-molecular-weight solutes such as circulating protein-bound toxins, autoantibodies, immune complexes, or other abnormally occurring molecules. Plasmapheresis has been used in the treatment of more than 100 diseases in human medicine, including immune-mediated diseases, neoplasia, infectious diseases, sepsis, hyperlipidemia, thyrotoxicosis, and removal of toxins. In immune-mediated disease, it is most useful to rapidly decrease plasma concentrations of antibodies or immune complexes, whereas other immunosuppressive measures are used to prolong the effect.
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PMID:Therapeutic plasmapheresis. 928 42

Beta-adrenergic-blocking drugs (BABs) have a firm place in the therapy of cardiovascular conditions including angina and hypertension. Although all BABs are competitive inhibitors of beta-receptors, they may differ in their additional pharmacodynamics, i.e., beta1-(cardio)selectivity, partial agonistic activity (PAA), and pharmacokinetic properties. Understanding these additional properties would allow the physician to choose the more appropriate agent for some patients or for specific situations. beta1-Selective BABs may be of potential importance in patients with obstructive airway disease, peripheral vascular disease, and hyperlipidemia and in diabetic patients receiving antidiabetic drugs. These BABs may better control the increased blood pressure in response to hypoglycemia, exercise, or cigarette smoking. Nonselective BABs may be preferably used to decrease epinephrine-induced hypokalemia or to prevent myocardial infarction, and in certain circumstances (i.e., migraine, anxiety, thyrotoxicosis or essential tremor). BABs with PAA may theoretically cause a lesser degree of cardiodepression (reduction of heart rate at rest, cardiac output, and AV conduction), bronchospasm, and peripheral vasoconstriction and minor effects on plasma lipids. Withdrawal syndrome may be absent after BABs with PAA. The pharmacokinetic properties of the BABs such as absorption, bioavailability, elimination half-life, liver metabolization, interindividual variability, as well as pharmacological interactions depend on their hydrophilic/lipophilic ratio. The development of new BABs continues. It has been possible to incorporate into a drug molecule combinations of PAA, preferred beta1-blockade, and beta2-agonist activity. Even if these new agents cause less adverse effects (e.g., vasoconstriction, bronchospasm), their clinical significance remains to be established.
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PMID:Optimization of beta-blockers' pharmacology. 1152 10

The aim of the study was to specify postprandial hyperlipidemia (PHL) and the level of hormones which regulate metabolism, lipids in particular, in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) vs those in healthy persons and patients with thyrotoxicosis as well as to clarify whether IHD pathogenesis correlates with fat metabolism disturbance. Lipid and apoprotein parameters of dyslipoproteinemia, concentrations of insulin, hydrocortisone, T3, T4 and thyrotropic hormone were tested before and 3, 6 hours after fat loading in IHD patients with angiographically documented coronary atherosclerosis, in healthy persons and patients with diffuse toxic goiter. In IHD patients postprandial PHL differed from that in healthy persons and thyrotoxicosis patients by higher and growing up to hour 6 after fat loading hypertriglyceridemia associated with lowering of antiatherogenic cholesterol of HDLP. In thyrotoxicosis both fasting and afterload lipid and apoprotein indices of the lipoprotein spectrum continued at low level except triglycerides the level of which returned to normal level. The hormonal spectrum in IHD patients was characterized by higher fasting insulin and its noticeable rise after fat loading. As healthy persons and patients with thyrotoxicosis had no significant changes in hormones levels after fat loading, it is suggested that development of atherogenic postprandial PHL caused primarily by hormone dysregulation of fat metabolism with a leading role of hyperinsulinemia contributes much to pathogenesis of IHD.
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PMID:[Hormonal dysregulation of lipid metabolism in pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease]. 1502 92

Subclinical and overt hypothyroidism are relatively common disorders in the general population. Thyroid hormone is known to play a role in regulating the synthesis, metabolism, and mobilization of lipids. In patients with overt hypothyroidism there is an increase in serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, lipoprotein(a) levels, and possibly triglyceride levels. The effects of subclinical hypothyroidism on serum lipid values are less clear. The preponderance of evidence suggests that total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and possibly triglycerides are increased in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, whereas high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and Lp(a) remain unchanged. Most lipid abnormalities in patients with overt hypothyroidism will resolve with thyroid hormone replacement therapy. However, clinical trials to date have not shown a beneficial effect of thyroid hormone treatment on serum lipid levels in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. The lipid-altering effects of thyroid hormone make it an appealing target for drug development. The development of specifically targeted thyroid hormone analogues that could potentially treat hyperlipidemia without causing systemic thyrotoxicosis is currently ongoing.
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PMID:Hypothyroidism and dyslipidemia: modern concepts and approaches. 1548 7

In this study three problems concerning interactions between thyroid and cardiovascular system are discussed. Cardiac arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, pleural effusion, hyperlipidaemia, arterial hypertension may be consequences of thyroid disorders leading to inappropriate hormone secretion. During such illnesses as heart failure, myocardial infarction and in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery profound changes may occur in thyroid hormone metabolism known as sick euthyroid syndrome. Treatment with amiodarone may lead to changes in thyroid tests results and to development of hypothyroidism or thyrotoxicosis.
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PMID:[Thyroid and cardiovascular disorders]. 1551 16

We review the association between disorders of endocrine function and hemostasis. The content of more than 570 review articles were appraised to provide the core of 81 key articles referenced in this chapter. The search method used MEDLINE and EMBASE electronic databases and the key words e NDOCRINE DYSFUNCTION, DIABETES, GRAVES' DISEASE, HYPOTHYROIDISM, HYPERTHYROIDISM, THYROTOXICOSIS, VON WILLEBRAND DISEASE, VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR, BLEEDING DISORDERS, PLATELETS DYSFUNCTION, HEMOSTASIS DYSFUNCTION, and REVIEW. Abnormalities of hemostasis, platelets, and endothelium and the presence of microparticles, abnormal expression of adhesion molecules, and elevated von Willebrand factor are all associated with cardiovascular disease and are also features of various endocrine disorders, including diabetes and its complications, insulin resistance, polycystic ovary syndrome, and various thyroid disorders. Related causes and associated factors, including obesity, alcohol, hyperlipidemia, omega fatty acids, vitamin D, serotonin, insulin-like growth factors, angiotensin-converting enzyme, and C-reactive protein, are also discussed in this review.
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PMID:Hemostatic dysfunction associated with endocrine disorders as a major risk factor and cause of human morbidity and mortality: a comprehensive meta-review. 1817 85

The objective of this study was to define the types of disease seen at the only endocrine clinic in Jamaica. The diagnoses of all patients attending the endocrinology clinic of the University Hospital of the West Indies over a 7-year period were analysed. Of the 1503 patients attending 263 weekly endocrinology clinics, 1251 patients had thyroid-related diseases, of which 684 patients had thyrotoxicosis and 233 patients had hypothyroidism. There were 17 pituitary tumours, eight cases of Cushing's syndrome and four of acromegaly. Cases of Sheehan's syndrome (n=11), hypopituitarism (n=17), hypoadrenalism (n=13), hypogonadism (n=9), primary hyperparathyroidism (n=3) and phaeochromocytoma (n=3) were rare. Thyroid disease was the most common diagnosis. New emerging endocrine disorders that are public health problems, such as obesity (n 21) and hyperlipidaemia (n=1), were rare. More traditional diseases, such as Sheehan's syndrome have become rare with improvements in obstetric care.
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PMID:Endocrine disorders in a specialist hospital in Jamaica. 2130 97

Several types of endocrine complications and metabolic disorders can occur during treatment with targeted therapies: thyroid dysfunction, hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia, etc. Thyroid dysfunctions are mainly observed with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), with a high frequency with sunitinib (18 to 85%) and sorafenib (21%). Hypothyroidism can be symptomatic with clinical signs including asthenia, constipation, cold intolerance, with elevated TSH and low free T 4 levels; or subclinical with non-specific clinical signs (asthenia) with TSH less than 8-10mIU/L and free T 4 normal, and often requiring supplementation with thyroid hormones. The occurrence of thyroid dysfunction does not mean that treatment with TKI must be stopped. Thyrotoxicosis, usually transient, can precede the onset of hypothyroidism during treatment with TKI. Specialist opinion from an endocrinologist should be considered with the occurrence of thyroid dysfunction. Abnormalities in the glycaemic and lipid profile are often seen with mTOR inhibitors and require monitoring before and during the treatment, as well as a specialist opinion from an endocrinologist in the event of hyperglycaemia or dyslipidaemia.
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PMID:[Management of side-effects of targeted therapies in renal cancer: endocrine side-effects and metabolic disorders]. 2581 26


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