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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 25-year-old man was at first dermatologically suspected as suffering from Weber-Christian syndrome because of subcutaneous panniculitis, but his skin lesions disappeared completely during the course. Hyperlipidemia, disturbances in liver function, and leukemoid reaction became remarkable and he died of subarachnoid hemorrhage eleven months after onset. Necropsy revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage at the base of the brain, lipogranulomatous and inflammatory lesions in the upper lobe of the left lung, a remarkable fatty liver, splenomegaly, pericarditis, and foam cells in the spleen, liver, and bone marrow. A comparison with 57 autopsy cases of Weber-Christian syndrome reported in the literature showed our case to be an exceptional instance of Weber-Christian syndrome, if the present case is not to be regarded as a different disease entity.
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PMID:An unusual case which began with subcutaneous panniculitis followed by fever, severe hepatic involvement and hyperlipidemia. 87 Oct 84

A report is made here on a rare case in which occurrence of multiple cerebral aneurysm was observed after radiotherapy. The case was that of a female aged 51 who was hospitalized with the chief complaint of consciousness disorder. The patient was discharged from the hospital 1 year before, after undergoing subtotal extirpation of a tumor through the transsphenoidal sinus in a case of pituitary adenoma, and post-operative radiotherapy (topical 50 Gy). Mild hyperlipidemia associated with hypothyroidism was observed by blood biochemical test during the patient's hospitalization, and multiple cerebral infarction was also observed by CT scanning and MR imaging. Therefore, conservative treatments including intensified endocrine-supplementing treatment, centering on thyroid hormone, were attempted. The patient's thyroid gland function and hyperlipidemia improved but the consciousness disorder persisted. Exacerbation of the consciousness disorder occurred suddenly 6 weeks after the patient's hospitalization. Subarachnoid hemorrhage and hydrocephalus were observed by CT scanning. Cerebral angiography detected a saccular aneurysm in the trifurcation of the right middle cerebral artery, 3 fusiform aneurysms in the periphery of the right middle cerebral artery, 2 fusiform aneurysms in the posterior cerebral artery and irregularity of wall width in the central artery including the terminal region of the internal carotid artery. These findings were not observed at the initial hospitalization and were considered to have been formed newly afterwards. Further, these findings were observed unexceptionally in all the radiated fields. The patient died 8 weeks after hospitalization, and no autopsy finding was obtained. From the above, we presumed that radiation vasculopathy caused by the radiation therapy made one year previously, had led to the formation of multiple cerebral aneurysms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Multiple intracranial aneurysms following radiation therapy for pituitary adenoma; a case report]. 157 76

Stroke, caused by either infartion or subarachnoid haemorrhage, can have devastating and debilitating effect on its victims. Traditional therapy has focused on the risk factors of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerotic heart disease and diabetes milletus. More recently, the literature has focused on smoking and the short and long term effects of cerebral blood flow. The purpose of this paper will be to review the most recent research literature on both the chronic and acute effects of smoking on the cerebral vascular system. More specifically, there will be an examination of the effect of smoking on the outcome of a carotid endarterectomy, subarachnoid haemorrhage and the progression of atherosclerosis. Smoking is harmful and its cumulative effects, along with additive effects must be recognized. Despite increased risk, people continue to smoke affecting disease progression and treatment. Two models will be discussed--the health belief model and the health decision model. These models can provide a basis for nursing to develop and assess comprehensive smoking cessation programmes.
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PMID:Smoking--the effects on cerebral vascular circulation. A variable in patient decision making. 265 66

A patient presenting with subarachnoid haemorrhage and high lipid concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid (taken at lumbar puncture), who has later shown to have type V hyperlipidaemia is described. This case, so far as can be ascertained by the authors, is the first report of hyperlipidaemia being diagnosed from CSF examination.
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PMID:Hyperlipidaemia diagnosed at lumbar puncture. 726 6

The total population in Taiwan increased at a rate of about 20% per five-year interval during the period from 1957 to 1972 and has continued to increase at about 15% in the subsequent five-year periods. The number of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) deaths increased rapidly during the period from 1962 to 1982 and has tended to level off since 1982. From 1962 to 1977, the rate of increase in CVD deaths among the elderly almost paralleled the growth in the elderly population, but it has slowed in recent years. The age-adjusted CVD death rates are consistently higher in men than in women. In both sexes, the highest CVD death rates were reached in 1972, and a decreasing trend has been conspicuous since 1977. The age-specific death rates have shown a similar tendency in all age groups for both sexes, except for men aged 45 to 54 years. The cumulative mortality rates are higher for men than for women in all age groups over 55 years. Although cerebral hemorrhage (CH) constitutes 35.5% (Taiwan series) and 35.2% (Taipei series) of acute strokes, it comprises 60.1% (Taiwan series) and 57.7% (Taipei series) of all fatal strokes. The case-fatality rate for CH is three to four times that for cerebral infarct (CI). Hypertension is the most significant risk factor for almost all major types of stroke, being most frequently seen among patients with CH. Diabetes mellitus, cardiac disease and hyperlipidemia are more frequent in CI than in CH and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The low CI to CH ratio clearly indicates the high incidence of CH in Taiwan. The more rapidly declining death rate from CVD since 1982 is largely due to a reduction in the case-fatality rate for CH. The ratio of CI to CH has gradually been increasing since 1983, indicating a relative increase in the incidence of CI. The effective anti-hypertension campaign started in 1986 has contributed to the reduction in the incidence and fatality of stroke.
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PMID:Changes in mortality from cerebrovascular disease and clinical pattern of stroke in Taiwan. 790 42

A higher prevalence of stroke is found in the patient with both diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes and glucose intolerance. Because of local cerebral acidosis caused by ischemia and hyperglycemia, morbidity and mortality from a stroke are increased. Most studies show that individuals with admission serum glucose > 120 mg/dl (6.7 mM) have a higher morbidity and mortality from a stroke. The prevalence of cerebral infarcts, especially lacunar infarcts, is increased and the prevalence of subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral hemorrhage, and transient ischemic attacks are decreased in the diabetic patient. Age, race, hypertension, and the presence of diabetic nephropathy and coronary and peripheral vascular disease are risk factors for stroke in the diabetic patient, whereas obesity, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and glycemic control are not. Investigation and treatment of the diabetic patient with a stroke is discussed.
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PMID:Stroke in the diabetic patient. 817 50

The authors describe a case of xanthofibroma of the skull. A 53-year-old female was admitted to our hospital in September, 1991, with subarachnoid hemorrhage due to a ruptured aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery. The roentgenogram of her skull incidentally revealed the presence of a radiolucent (a punched out) lesion of about 20 x 25 mm in the right occipital bone. On computed tomography (CT), the mass was seen to be mainly localized in the diploe, and the outer table of the skull was thinned. On both T1 and T2 weighted magnetic resonance image (MRI), the mass showed a high intensity signal equivalent to that found in adipose tissue. The bony tumor was totally removed. Histology revealed a collection of foamy cells, benign fibrous tissues and so on which led to a diagnosis of xanthofibroma of the skull without hyperlipidemia. Xanthofibroma of the skull is extremely rare. To our knowledge, including our case, only three cases have been reported.
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PMID:[A case of xanthofibroma of the skull]. 837 4

This study is designed to determine whether patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage have mutations in the phospholipase C-delta 1 (PLC-delta 1) gene, which was identified as a gene responsible for hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Seventy-two cases (31 male and 41 female) with intracranial saccular aneurysms were analyzed. The mean age was 60.1 +/- 11.5 years (mean +/- SD) (range 24-85 years). There were 35 patients (48.6%) with hypertension, 5 (6.9%) with diabetes mellitus, 12 (16.7%) with hyperlipidemia, 8 (11.1%) with ischemic heart disease, and 25 (34.7%) who were active smokers. The location of aneurysm was distributed as follows: 33 (33%) were at anterior cerebral artery, 23 (23%) were at middle cerebral artery, 28 (28%) were at internal carotid artery, and 16 (16%) were at vertebro-basilar artery. Six patients (8.3%) had a family history of intracranial aneurysms. There were 20 patients (27.8%) with multiple aneurysms, and 8 patients (11.1%) with a large or giant aneurysm. The four regions of PLC-delta 1 gene (bases 1099-1271, 1254-1401, 1343-1481, and 1882-2023) where genetic mutations were found in spontaneously hypertensive rats, were screened by PCR-SSCP analysis and their nucleotide sequences of all patients were determined. However, no mutations were detected in all patients. These results suggest that mutations of PLC-delta 1 gene previously implicated in hypertensive factor in rats may not be the case with human patients and therefore may be poorly related with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
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PMID:Analysis of phospholipase C gene in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage due to ruptured intracranial saccular aneurysm. 1040 8

From January 1997 to December 2001, patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) among 14,008 residents in an isolated mountainous area; Oguni and Minamioguni towns in Kumamoto Prefecture, were evaluated. The subjects were patients being treated at Oguni Municipal Hospital. Over a period of 5 years, 19 patients were found to be suffering from SAH in this area, 3 of whom were visitors (residing outside this area). The annual incidence rate of SAH in this area was calculated as 22.9 per 100,000. The sex ratio (men:women) was 4:12. The average age was 67.9 years; 65.0 years for men and 68.8 years for women. Eleven patients were older than 65, and constituted 68.8% of the subjects. The risk factors of SAH were recognized, and both hypertension and smoking constituted 31.6%. Alcohol was 21.1% and hyperlipemia was 15.8%. In 13 clipping operated cases excluding 1 test craniotomy, Hunt & Kosnik's Grades at admission were G.I: 2, G.II: 5, G.III: 3, G.IV: 2 and G.V: 1, and Fisher's Groups were G.I: 0, G.II: 8, G.III: 3 and G.IV: 2. The sites of 16 operated aneurysms were internal carotid-posterior communicating artery (IC-PC): 2, anterior communicating artery (A Co.A): 4, middle cerebral artery (MCA): 10 and vertebral artery-basilan artery (VA-BA): 0. The aneurysmal size were < 5 mm: 5, 6-10 mm: 9 and 11 mm < :2 (average 7.6 mm, 2-15 mm). The results were evaluated at discharge, excluding 1 SAH of unknown etiology. 9 were good, 2 were dependent and 7 including 5 non-operative cases had died. We were satisfied with these results, because we were treating older patients. Although we attempted the clipping operation using only a three dimensional computed tomographic angiograply (3D-CTA; X-Vision GX (TOSHIBA) & X-Tension), we had no problem, except for 1 test craniotomy. 3D-CTA was useful during the clipping operation in the small hospital, especially, in regard to cost.
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PMID:[Treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhages in an isolated mountainous area]. 1266 29

Obesity is widely recognized as a risk factor for coronary artery disease, but opinion is divided regarding whether it is an independent risk factor for cerebrovascular disease; even now there is no common view. In this study, the review sought to focus on a prospective study, but since obesity and non-obesity basically cannot be randomly assigned, randomized controlled trials (RCT) are nonexistent. Accordingly, a cohort study (a method of clinical study in which the obesity group is actively followed up for comparison with the non-obesity group in regard to cerebrovascular disease) was mainly conducted. For reference, retrospective case-control studies are also shown. As a result, most epidemiological surveys on the relation between simple obesity and cerebrovascular disease denied any relation. That is, obesity alone, determined only on the basis of height and weight as shown by BMI (body mass index), etc., cannot be an independent risk factor for cerebrovascular disease; obesity can become a risk factor only when accompanied by hypertension, hyperlipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, etc. Recently, however, most papers conclude that abdominal obesity is a risk factor for cerebral infarction, provided that there are no data confirming that obesity is a risk factor for hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease (cerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage).
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PMID:Obesity as a risk factor for cerebrovascular disease. 1509 22


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