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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of hepatocellular carcinoma with metastasis to the stomach and hyperlipidemia as a paraneoplastic syndrome was presented. The patient, a 69-year-old man, was admitted to Kurobe City Hospital with a complaint of epigastralgia. He was diagnosed as having hepatocellular carcinoma by an increased plasma AFP and the abnormalities of hepatic scintigram and abdominal angiography. Endoscopic examination of the stomach revealed an ulcerative lesion suggesting Borrmann type 2 gastric cancer and the gastric mucosal biopsy was interpreted as tubular adenocarcinoma. At autopsy, the liver was enlarged and weighed 4,170 g without liver cirrhosis. Histologic finding of the liver tumor was hepatocellular carcinoma of Edmondson's grade 2 and the gastric tumor with bile production was identical to that of liver tumor. The tumor architecture of the stomach, however, was mixed with trabecular pattern and tubular pattern near the site of gastric mucosa, and was concordant with the findings of gastric mucosal biopsy. Multiple tumor thrombi in the portal system suggested that hepatocellular carcinoma retrogradely metastasized to the stomach through the portal system.
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma with metastatic gastric cancer simulating Borrmann type 2 and hyperlipidemia. 301 13

Tumor growth and the incorporation of [3H]thymidine into tumor DNA in vivo are increased about 3 times in adult rats (greater than 250 g) after 1 to 2 days of starvation or the induction of diabetes with streptozotocin. These tumor growth responses require hyperlipemia and are reversed by refeeding or insulin treatment, respectively. They do not occur in young tumor-bearing rats (less than about 150 g) that lack appreciable fat stores. A direct relationship between the increased rates of both [3H]thymidine incorporation and tumor growth and host hyperlipemia suggests that tumor cell renewal in vivo in fed rats is limited by substances that are present in hyperlipemic blood. In this study we used a procedure for perfusion of solid tumors in situ to measure the sensitivity of tumor [3H]thymidine incorporation to hyperlipemic blood and to identify the rate-limiting substances. Tissue-isolated Morris hepatomas (7288CTC) growing in young or adult Buffalo rats were perfused with blood from donor rats. Hyperlipemic blood for perfusion was obtained from 2-day starved tumor-bearing (Buffalo) or non-tumor-bearing (Buffalo or Lewis) rats. At the end of the perfusions the tumors were labeled with a pulse of [3H]thymidine (2 microCi/g estimated tumor wet weight). [3H]Thymidine incorporation in tumors growing in fed adult rats was increased from 80 +/- 5 (SD) dpm/micrograms DNA at zero time (before perfusion) to 209 +/- 9 dpm/micrograms DNA (n = 3) after perfusion for 3 h. Tumors growing in fed or starved young rats showed similar responses, and hyperlipemic blood from non-tumor-bearing rats was as effective as hyperlipemic blood from tumor-bearing rats. Perfusion of tumors growing in starved rats with normolipemic blood from fed adult rats decreased [3H]thymidine incorporation from 211 +/- 13 dpm/micrograms DNA before perfusion to 68 +/- 9 dpm/micrograms DNA (n = 3) after perfusion for 3 h. Cells, plasma, and plasma subfractions from hyperlipemic blood were reconstituted to whole blood using plasma, cells, and whole blood, respectively, from fed rats and the mixtures were perfused into tumors growing in fed adult rats. Mixtures containing hyperlipemic plasma, lipid extracts (ethanol:acetone, 1:1) of hyperlipemic plasma, or albumin from hyperlipemic plasma increased tumor [3H]thymidine incorporation. Free fatty acid concentrations were increased about five times in hyperlipemic plasma and perfusion of tumors with normolipemic blood containing added linoleic and arachidonic acids increased [3H]thymidine incorporation. Blood mixtures containing palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids were inactive.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Identification of linoleic and arachidonic acids as the factors in hyperlipemic blood that increase [3H]thymidine incorporation in hepatoma 7288CTC perfused in situ. 313 Jan 86

Osseous xanthomatosis and a pathologic fracture of the femoral neck associated with hyperlipoproteinemia occurred in a 48-year-old woman. Widely distributed skeletal lesions suggested a primary neoplasm such as malignant lymphoma or multiple myeloma; however, needle aspiration cytology of the fracture site, cutaneous manifestations, and abnormally high concentrations of lipoproteins established a diagnosis of intraosseous xanthomatosis associated with hyperlipidemia. Histologically, the excised femoral head showed a dense aggregate of lipid-laden macrophages and depletion of normal bone trabeculae. The hyperlipidemia is classified as Type IIb hyperlipoproteinemia.
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PMID:Osseous xanthomatosis and a pathologic fracture in a patient with hyperlipidemia. A case report. 318 May 83

Benign symmetrical lipomatosis of the neck is a rare disease that has to be differentiated from goiter, sialadenitis, obesity or a lymphatic tumor. Most patients are severe alcoholics, but they may have other endocrine disorders, such as diabetes mellitus, hyperuricemia, or hyperlipidemia. Aside from the cosmetic disfigurement and consequent psychological stress, respiratory distress may be the indication for surgical treatment. Excision of the lipomatosis requires technical skill because the extensive and sometimes infiltrative growth makes dissection of muscle and nerves difficult. The computer tomogram provides good information on the extent of the disease. Three of our 5 patients died 2 1/2 to 6 years after the first operation because of their primary disease.
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PMID:Lipomatosis of the neck (Madelung's neck). 327 65

Tendon xanthoma, a nonneoplastic tumor of tendon is a significant physical manifestation of hyperlipidemia. These lesions may accompany rapidly progressive atherosclerosis and may signal the presence of life threatening hyperlipidemia. We have seen three patients with tendon xanthoma, and one patient was treated by surgical excision of large xanthomas arising from the substance of the extensor tendons over the metacarpophalangeal (MP) joints of the hand. Because these lesions arise from the substance of the extensor tendons complete removal may result in loss of tendon continuity and function. Surgery in the form of subtotal excision is advised for functional or cosmetic reasons. Although incomplete removal may be associated with recurrence, appropriate medical management may prevent or delay this recurrence.
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PMID:Tendon xanthoma: a physical manifestation of hyperlipidemia. 335 Dec 51

The rate of tumor growth in vivo in adult rats (250- to 350-g total body weight) is stimulated during an acute fast. No tumor growth stimulation is observed in fasted immature rats (less than about 200-g total body weight). The different tumor growth responses in rats of these two age groups appear to depend on the increased availability to the tumor of nutrients from host fat stores in adult rats. Immature rats, which lack significant fat stores, show neither hyperlipemia nor ketosis during fasting. These experiments were performed to determine the relationship between blood fat store-derived nutrient concentrations and the onset of stimulated tumor growth in fasted adult rats. Animals were matched for tumor size and growth during a period of ad libitum feeding preceding the fast. Tumor growth was documented by increased size and incorporation of [methyl-3H]thymidine into tumor DNA. Mobilization of host fat stores leading to increased blood concentrations of free fatty acids, glycerol, ketone bodies, and triglycerides started about 7 h after food was removed and reached its maximum after about 15 h. Increased rates of tumor growth and incorporation of thymidine into tumor DNA correlated closely with the higher circulating nutrient concentrations. Both the nutrient concentrations and tumor growth were decreased by refeeding. These findings suggest that the availability of nutrients derived from host fat stores may be rate limiting for tumor growth in vivo.
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PMID:Blood nutrient concentrations and tumor growth in vivo in rats: relationships during the onset of an acute fast. 380 90

Alterations in plasma lipoprotein lipid and apoprotein accompanying the hyperlipidemia of rats bearing Morris hepatoma 7288C were characterized. In tumor-bearing animals all plasma lipid classes except cholesterol ester (CE) were elevated, particularly free cholesterol (FC) and triglyceride (TG), which increased by 57 and 63%, respectively. Fasting only partially reduced the tumor-induced hyperlipidemia and had no effect on the ratios of FC/CE and TG/CE. Analysis of plasma lipoproteins revealed an elevation of VLDL, IDL, and LDL in host rats, with more than a 2-fold increase in both lipid and protein of VLDL. In contrast, the three high density fractions, HDL2, HDL3, and d greater than 1.21 g/ml, were reduced. The inverse changes in concentration of host lipoproteins of lower versus higher density indicate a defective catabolism of TG-rich lipoprotein. This possibility is supported by the analysis of apolipoprotein. The percentage of total apoprotein contributed by apo C-I and C-II was reduced in all host fractions except HDL2, while the C-IIIs remained unchanged except for a small decrease in C-III-3 of host VLDL and a slight increase in the combined C-IIIs of HDL2. These changes were reflected in the decreased C-I+C-II/C-III ratios of all host lipoprotein fractions. Apo E levels remained similar to control values except for a significant decrease in HDL2. Host VLDL showed increased apo A-IV and A-I content, while A-IV was decreased in HDL2. Changes in apo B profiles were also observed.
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PMID:Characterization of alterations in plasma lipoprotein lipid and apoprotein profiles accompanying hepatoma-induced hyperlipidemia in rats. 394 72

The release of histaminase activity in plasma after small intravenous of heparin was studied in 85 normal subjects and patients. In normal subjects, plasma histaminase activity (basal level, 1.7+/-0.1 U/ml, mean +/-SEM) increased 1.6+/-0.2 U/ml after 10 U of heparin/kg, 8.5+/-2.4 U/ml after 20 U/kg, and 33+/-4.9 U/ml after 75 U/kg. The extent of the increase varied widely among individuals but in a particular individual the response was constant and dose-dependent. Histaminase activity rose to peak levels within 7-15 min and then declined exponentially with a half-life of 40-120 min. This pattern of response was also observed in two patients with the histaminase-producing tumor, medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. A significantly reduced response was observed, however, in 14 patients with type I hyperlipoproteinemia, a disorder in which high plasma triglyceride levels are associated with low postheparin plasma lipolytic activity. After 10 U heparin/kg, plasma histamine activity increased 0.5+/-0.2 U/ml, and after 75 U heparin/kg, 10.9+/-5.6 U/ml. In contrast, in 27 patients with other types of hyperlipoproteinemia in whom postheparin lipolytic activity was normal, the increase (2.4+/-0.6 U/ml) in plasma histaminase activity after 10 U heparin/kg was not significantly different from that of normal subjects. The reduced response of the plasma histaminase activity to heparin in patients with type I hyperlipoproteinemia did not appear to be due to the presence of lipemia or to an inhibitor of the enzyme in plasma. These findings suggest that many patients with type I hyperlipoproteinemia may have deficient release of both lipolytic and histaminase activities into plasma after heparin administration.
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PMID:Response of plasma histaminase activity to small doses of heparin in normal subjects and patients with hyperlipoproteinemia. 419 95

This review summarizes 169 cerebral vascular accidents in women taking oral contraceptives: 94 arterial (including 13 of the authors' cases), 20 venous, 37 neuroophthalmologic (5 of the authors'), and 18 undetermined diagnoses. The arterial accidents involved the carotid in 56, the vertebrobasilar in 27. Few were fatal; most were considered thromboses; none were due to hemorrhage; few could have been due to emboli or dissecting aneurisms. Aggravation or appearance of migraine was noted in 34 and transient focal cerebral ischemia in 28 cases before arterial accident. No definite time span was obvious, but many occurred 1-6 months or over 2 years after starting pills. Venous accidents were usually fatal, often extended thromboses of the superior longitudinal sinus. Clinically there was severe headache (85%), vomiting, fever without rapid pulse, alteration of consciousness, papillary edema, focal cerebral signs. Ophthalmologic accidents included retinal, arterial, and venous occlusion; paralysis of oculomotor nerve; optic neuritis; and pseudo-tumor-cerebri. The authors recommended caution with oral contraceptives in case of cerebral vascular episodes, migraine, visual disturbances, chorea, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension.
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PMID:[Cerebrovacular accidents and oral contraceptives]. 443 14

The transplantable pituitary tumor MtT-F4 secretes several pituitary hormones in Fisher rats, resulting in severe cardiovascular disease with a mineralocorticoid type of hypertension and hyperlipidemia. The mineralocorticoid-dependent hypertension possesses particular characteristics in humans and animals. It was of interest to study cyclic nucleotides and platelet aggregation in the Fisher rat with an MtT-F4 tumor in order to evaluate the type of abnormalities in this form of hypertension. The effect of administration of an anti-hyperlipidemic agent (clofibrate) was also evaluated. The animals bearing the tumor showed anomalies of platelet aggregation induced by the divalent cation ionophore A 23187, in that there was an apparent enhanced change in shape and a decreased rate of aggregation. Although the basal concentrations of cyclic nucleotides were normal, as were the increases in cyclic GMP induced by epinephrine, cyclic AMP concentrations increased less (about 2.7-fold) in response to PGE1 than in control Fisher rats (about 6-fold). A decreased stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity by PGE1 was observed in platelets of tumor-bearing rats. The administration of clofibrate to sham-operated animals somewhat lowered the increase of cyclic AMP in response to PGE1. In tumor-bearing animals, clofibrate considerably reduced plasma lipids, blood pressure and the degree of abnormalities in platelet aggregation and cyclic AMP in platelets. Thus, the abnormalities of platelet aggregation and regulation of cyclic nucleotides in the mineralocorticoid-type of hypertension induced by MtT-F4 were opposite to those found previously in spontaneous hypertension in rats. Hyperlipidemic and hypertensive rats with MtT-F4 tumor may provide a useful model for the study of the relatioship between hyperlipidemia and hypertension.
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PMID:Cyclic nucleotides and platelet aggregation in hypertensive rats with ectopic pituitary tumor. 624 46


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