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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Screening for coronary risk factors is one approach to the prevention of premature coronary disease. Its usefulness will depend on the effectiveness with which identified risk factors can be dealt. This report describes the operation of a Risk Evaluation Service that screens for hypertension and hyperlipidaemia and offers dietary advice to individuals found to be hyperlipidaemic. It was found that 33% of men and 36% of women weighed more than 10% above ideal body weight. Serum cholesterol values of 6-4 mmol/l. (250 mg/100 ml) or above were found in at least one-quarter of men and women above the age of 40 years. Hypercholesterolaemia, defined in this way, responded readily to appropriate dietary advice (75% of men and 64% of women attained normal cholesterol levels in four to six weeks: mean pretreatment cholesterol level being 7-2 mmol/l. and 7-4 mmol/l. for men and women, respectively, mean post-treatment cholesterol level being 5-9 mmol/l. and 6-4 mmol/l. respiectively). The response was less impressive for cobined hyperlipidaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia (about one-half attained normal values in four to six weeks), possibly owing to insufficient time for adequate weight loss to have occurred. These data confirm the high prevalence of hyperlipidaemia in middleaged Australians and suggest the simple dietary conselling will frequently correct hypercholesterolaemia at least in the short term.
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PMID:Possible usefulness of screening for hyperlipidaemia. 90 82

Hyperlipemia is one of several risk factors for premature ischemic vascular disease. It usually represents a primary, lifelong metabolic disorder and control requires changes in life-style. These include a modification of diet (commonly caloric, cholesterol and saturated fat restriction), elimination of smoking and hypertension and, frequently, drug therapy. Drugs can attack endogenous triglyceride overproduction, lipoprotein lipase deficiency or defective remnant uptake, and can decrease cholesterol production and accelerate cholesterol degradation.
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PMID:A pathophysiologic approach to managing hyperlipemia. 94 21

We describe a 49 year old woman with impressive regression of renal artery stenosing atherosclerotic lesions in response to sustained excellent control of hyperlipidemia. Initially, she had high blood pressure necessitating combined drug therapy with chlorothiazide, methyldopa and propranolol, with only moderately satisfactory control. Renal arteriography revealed a 90 per cent stenosing lesion of the right renal artery and 75 per cent narrowing of the left renal artery. Peripheral vein plasma renin was markedly increased at 32 ng/ml. With a combination of cholestyramine and clofibrate, serum lipids were maintained at normal values for several years. Increased blood pressure diminished spontaneously, and the patient has maintained normal blood pressures after discontinuation of antihypertensive therapy. Repeat renal arteriograms showed almost complete regression of the right renal artery lesion and a possible decrease in left renal artery disease. Peripheral vein plasma renin became normal at 3 ng/ml. This case illustrates that sustained control of hyperlipidemia could lead to regression of atherosclerotic nodules and impressive clinical improvement in certain patients.
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PMID:Regression of atherosclerotic stenosing lesions of the renal arteries and spontaneous cure of systemic hypertension through control of hyperlipidemia. 96 6

Sumo is an ancient sport in Japan and there are at present over 800 professional sumo wrestlers (rikishis). After entrance into the wrestler society a wrestler takes strenuous daily training together with a very high calorie diet (more than 5,000 cal). Frequency of food intake is twice a day. The average diet of Japanese people contains of 2,279 calories and the meal frequency is generally three times a day. In 96 wrestlers average actual body weight and modified Broca index was 100.4 kg and 143.5%, respectively. In this group the prevalence of overweight with obesity, overweight without obesity, nonoverweight with obesity, and nonoverweight without obesity was 53.4, 39.1, 1.0, and 6.5%, respectively. Also mean serum levels of triglyceride, phospholipid, uric acid, and total protein were significantly higher than those obtained in 89 age-matched healthy males. The incidence of diabetes mellitus, gout, and hypertension in wrestlers was 5.2, 6.3, and 8.3%, respectively, all values being considerably higher than in controls. Weight correlated significantly with skinfold thickness, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and uric acid in each group. Multiple regression analyses were made treating weight or uric acid as dependent variables in both groups. Obesity, hyperlipidemia, and hyperuricemia in wrestlers were presumed to be caused chiefly by the high calorie diet and partially by the infrequent meal intake.
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PMID:Some factors related to obesity in the Japanese sumo wrestler. 97 5

Factors involved in the development of coronary atherosclerosis and the possible role of estrogens in its development are discussed. Risk factors in the development of atherosclerosis include hyperlipemia, hypertension, cigarette smoking, and diabetes. However, the incidence of heart disease and presence of risk factors are also related to heredity, geography, and socioeconomic conditions, and to diet, exercise, and emotional stress. Contrary to previous belief, high doses of estrogens aggravate the condition of men and menopausal women at risk of heart attack. Although estrogens do not markedly alter cholesterol levels, they do tend to elevate triglyceride levels and contribute to hyperlipemia. They are also associated with diabotegenic sequelae and hypertension. Pregnancy and estrogens increase blood clotting Factors VII and X, accelerate prothrombin time, shorten clotting time, and incre ase platelef aggregation. Further research into the role of estrogens in the development of atherosclerosis is recommended.
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PMID:Estrogens and atherosclerosis. 99 76

In this review, the clinical reality, the statistical risk, and the frequency of thromboembolism in pill users are evaluated, 6 cases described, and premonitory signs, treatment, and etiology are discussed. Clinically these thromboembolisms appear in unlikely subjects and unusual bodily locations such as the mesenteric veins, without warning. The risks are 8-11 times higher for pulmonary thrombosis, 3-6 times higher for myocardial infarction, based on previously used higher dosed pills. The frequency is about .5-1/1000, or 500-1000/year in France. Some of the cases described used pills with less than .05 mg estrogen, some were heavy smokers, 1 woman died, 1 had a lower extremity amputation, and 1 woman had demonstrated IgG lamda antibodies against ethinyl estradiol. Premonitory signs are rare, and unsually ignored. The immediate action is to stop the pill and start anticoagulants. The cause of these disorders is not known in detail, but is presumed to be estrogens, therefore, low-dose pills, i.e., those with .05 or .03 mg ethinyl estradiol, should be used if possible. Other risk factors are surgery, age, immobilization, history of vein disorders, smoking, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, especially since the pill potentiates hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and hypercoagulation. Some mechanisms proposed are hyperlipidemia, disturbed blood coagulation factors, decreased fibrinolysis, alterations in the blood vessel endothelium and immunity against the estrogen in the pill.
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PMID:[The thromboembolic risk of the pill]. 99 99

The purpose of the investigation was to study the alterations in the lipid and lipoprotein content in the blood serum, the liver and the aortic wall of rats with experimentally induced salt, renal (Goldblatt) and adrenal-regeneration hypertension. The experiments were carried out on 59 Wistar rats (25 normotensive controls). It was established that both the serum and the liver lipid patterns vary in the three experimental models of hypertension. Thus, while in salt-induced hypertension no hyperlipidaemia and hyperlipoproteinaemia were established, in renal hypertension the serum lipid and lipoprotein levels were significantly increased in comparison to the controls. The cholesterol content in the liver was increased in all the three models of hypertension. The remaining lipid fractions were within normal ranges or a little decreased in salt-induced hypertension, while in renal and adrenal-regeneration hypertension their quantity was significantly increased. A two weeks' treatment with hypotensive prostaglandin E1 diminished the lipid and lipoprotein contents in the liver of rats with adrenal-regeneration hypertension, only cholesterol remaining unaltered. The blood serum level of free fatty acids increased in all the three models of experimental hypertension, as did the cholesterol and beta-lipoprotein level in the aortic wall. The alterations in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism established in this study are regarded as specific for the hypertensive process itself, since no histological alterations characteristic of atherosclerosis were observed.
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PMID:The action of arterial hypertension on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. I. Salt, adrenal-regeneration and renal (Goldblatt) hypertension. 100 Sep 84

Atherosclerosis risk factor, 8,5% two, 2,7% three and 0,6% four.rs have been investigated in 194 males and 135 female, 25 years old. Elevated lipids were found in 7,3% of the sample; "labile" and stable hypertension in 2,7%; diabetes mellitus in 2,7% and overweight in 19%. 19% of the subjects smoked more than 20 cigarettes daily. Prevalence of hyperlipemia and electrocardiographic changes was higher among people in the lower socioeconomic classes. Taking into consideration hyperlipidemia, hypertension, cigarette smoking, overweight and diabetes mellitus as risk factors, 25% exhibited one risk factor, 8.5% two, 2.7% three and 0.6% four.
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PMID:[Studies on the risk factors of arteriosclerosis in a health district region of Lombardy]. 100 70

A case of chorea in a woman taking oral contraceptives, without a previous history of chorea or rheumatic fever, is presented. All laboratory findings were normal except for a considerable increase in triglyceride levels. Complete recovery occurred within 4 months after discontinuing the contraceptive treatment, without any other treatment. It is suggested that the contraceptive steroids may cause some metabolic disorders, which produce secondary vascular disorders. It is emphasized that oral contraceptives should be prescribed only to patients whose anamesis rules out precedents of or predisposition to vascular diseases (thrombophlebitis of the lower limbs, obesity, arterial hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, tabagism, migraine, or temporary ictus).
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PMID:[Chorea and the use of contraceptives]. 100 33

Obesity is variably considered to be a major contributor to hypertension and hyperlipidemia, and its treatment is recommended in the management of coronary heart disease. Total body fat was measured by tritium dilution in a large male population and its relationship to age, blood pressure, serum lipids, uric acid and the diagnoses of coronary heart disease, hypertension and glucose intolerance was examined. In addition, three commonly used weight: height indices of obesity were correlated with each of these parameters. The correlation of body fat with blood pressure, serum cholesterol and triglycerides, although statistically significant, was of only small magnitude. Mean levels of body fat were not significantly different between patients with coronary disease and control subjects, whereas serum cholesterol and, to a lesser extent, systolic blood pressure were potent risk factors for the disease. It is concluded that obesity is only a minor determinant of blood pressure and lipid level, and that its contribution to coronary heart disease is small or nonexistent.
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PMID:Body fat: its relationship to coronary heart disease, blood pressure, lipids and other risk factors measured in a large male population. 100 68


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