Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tuberculous pericarditis is an exceedingly rare but a well-described extra-pulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis (TB) infection in Hong Kong. An 82-year-old woman with a known history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia was admitted for congestive heart failure. Routine echocardiographic study during admission revealed a massive pericardial effusion (~4 cm in thickness) but with no tamponade effect. Pericardiocentesis was performed and 1.6 L of heavily blood stained fluid was drained. All tumour and auto-immune markers were unremarkable. A whole body positron emission tomography-computer tomography (PET-CT) scan was then performed and showed an increased fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the entire pericardium with no sources of possible malignancy identified. Rapid acid fast bacilli culture and Genprobe examination of the pericardial fluid then demonstrated the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. She was started on anti-TB medications and tolerated them well. Follow-up echocardiographic study showed no re-accumulation of pericardial fluid.
 ...
PMID:Tuberculous pericarditis presenting as massive haemorrhagic pericardial effusion. 2274 46

Short- and long-term mortality in women who undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has been evaluated in multiple studies with conflicting results. The investigators conducted a meta-analysis of all existing studies to evaluate the impact of female gender on mortality in patients who undergo isolated CABG. A comprehensive search of studies published through May 31, 2012 identified 20 studies comparing men and women who underwent isolated CABG. All-cause mortality was evaluated at short-term (postoperative period and/or at 30 days), midterm (1-year), and long-term (5-year) follow-up. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. A total of 966,492 patients (688,709 men [71%], 277,783 women [29%]) were included in this meta-analysis. Women were more likely to be older; had significantly greater co-morbidities, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, unstable angina, congestive heart failure, and peripheral vascular disease; and were more likely to undergo urgent CABG (51% vs 44%, p <0.01). Short-term mortality (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.67 to 1.88) was significantly higher in women. At midterm and long-term follow-up, mortality remained high in women compared with men. Women remained at increased risk for short-term mortality in 2 subgroup analyses including prospective studies (n = 41,500, OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.59 to 2.12) and propensity score-matched studies (n = 11,522, OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.78). In conclusion, women who underwent isolated CABG experienced higher mortality at short-term, midterm, and long-term follow-up compared with men. Mortality remained independently associated with female gender despite propensity score-matched analysis of outcomes.
 ...
PMID:Comparison by meta-analysis of mortality after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting in women versus men. 2364 81

Cardiovascular risk management is common in patients suffering from manifest cardiovascular disease, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and diabetes mellitus. It is generally accepted that medication is the most effective treatment for reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in these patients. Remarkably, cardiovascular risk management is rare in patients suffering from branch retinal vein occlusion. This common retinal vascular disorder in middle aged and elderly people occurs where a thickened retinal artery compresses the affected vein. Although thrombosis is involved, procoagulant disorders are only present in selected cases. On the other hand, prior diabetes, hypertension, and peripheral artery disease are associated with an increased risk of developing branch retinal vein occlusion up to a decade later, and retinal vascular disorder is associated with an increased risk of subsequently developing hypertension, diabetes, congestive heart failure, and cerebrovascular disease later on. Therefore, branch retinal vein occlusion is a marker of developing cardiovascular disease and warrants adequate cardiovascular risk management.
 ...
PMID:[Branch retinal vein occlusion: high time for cardiovascular risk management]. 2369 11

Objective. To evaluate the effect of eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) on the progression of dementia in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with peptic ulcer. Methods. Participants with the diagnosis of AD and peptic ulcer were recruited between 2001 and 2008. We examined the association between eradication of H. pylori and the progression of AD using the multiple regression models. Medication shift from Donepezil, Rivastgmine, and Galantamine to Mematine is defined as progression of dementia according to the insurance of National Health Insurance (NHI) under expert review. Results. Among the 30142 AD patients with peptic ulcers, the ratio of medication shift in AD patients with peptic ulcers is 79.95%. There were significant lower incidence comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure and hyperlipidemia) in patients with H. pylori eradication as compared with no H. pylori eradication. Eradication of H. pylori was associated with a decreased risk of AD progression (odds ratio [OR] 0.35 [0.23-0.52]) as compared with no H. pylori eradication, which was not modified by comorbidities. Conclusions. Eradication of H. pylori was associated with a decreased progression of dementia as compared to no eradication of H. pylori in AD patients with peptic ulcers.
...
PMID:Eradication of Helicobacter pylori Is Associated with the Progression of Dementia: A Population-Based Study. 2437 35

Kyrle's disease (KD) is a dermatosis which was first described by Kyrle as "hyperkeratosis follicularis et parafollicularis in cutem penetrans" in 1916. Perforating dermatoses are a heterogeneous disorder group characterised by transepithelial elimination. KD has been seen in association with multiple disorders, including diabetes mellitus, renal and liver diseases, congestive heart failure, hyperlipidaemia, infective diseases and abnormal metabolism of vitamin A. This case report presents two patients with KD with associated systemic disease.
...
PMID:Kyrle's disease. 2442 45

An 86-year-old woman with history of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and coronary artery disease was admitted with new-onset congestive heart failure and pneumonia. She underwent coronary angiography after suffering a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction. There was severe coronary artery disease in addition to coronary artery-pulmonary fistulas involving proximal right coronary artery and a branch of left main coronary artery. Coronary artery fistula (CAF) is an abnormal communication between one or more coronary arteries and great vessels or a cardiac chamber. We reviewed 15 cases of CAFs published in PubMed and studied the clinical features of CAFs.
...
PMID:Diagnosis of coronary artery fistulas: clinical aspects and brief review of the literature. 2443 10

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in dialysis patients and the most common cause of death and allograft loss among kidney transplant recipients. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is associated with an increased incidence and prevalence of a wide range of CVDs including coronary artery disease, stroke, congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, sudden cardiac death, pulmonary hypertension, and valvular heart disease. CVD risk factors are very common in patients with ESRD, and most patients have multiple risk factors. Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for patients with ESRD, as a successful transplant improves longevity and quality of life, primarily by decreasing the incidence and severity of CVD. Correction of the uremic state and improved glomerular filtration rate seem to be the major mechanism of this benefit. Transplant candidates should undergo cardiovascular assessment, usually echocardiography and exercise stress testing, and may require formal cardiology consultation. Higher risk candidates, including those aged >50 years, hypertension, diabetes, established coronary artery disease or peripheral vascular disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, and dialysis duration >1 year, should have repeat cardiovascular assessment every 1-2 years. Transplant candidates and recipients should have individualized treatment for CVD and risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and obesity. Special consideration should be given for statin therapy, as its use is associated with decreased cardiovascular death in dialysis and transplant patients. Prospective randomized, controlled trials are needed to determine the optimal approach to diagnosis and treat CVD in the transplant candidate and recipient population.
...
PMID:Cardiovascular risk assessment before and after kidney transplantation. 2489 48

We compared baseline characteristics, clinical presentation, and in-hospital outcomes between Middle Eastern Arabs and Indian subcontinent patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Of the 7930 patients enrolled in Gulf Registry of Acute Coronary Events II (RACE II), 23% (n = 1669) were from the Indian subcontinent. The Indian subcontinent patients, in comparison with the Middle Eastern Arabs, were younger (49 vs 60 years; P < .001), more were males (96% vs 80%; P < .001), had lower proportion of higher Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events risk score (8% vs 27%; P < .001), and less likely to be associated with diabetes (34% vs 42%; P < .001), hypertension (36% vs 51%; P < .001), and hyperlipidemia (29% vs 39%; P < .001) but more likely to be smokers (55% vs 29%; P < .001). After multivariable adjustment, the Middle Eastern Arabs were less likely to be associated with in-hospital congestive heart failure (odds ratio [OR], 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.50-0.86; P = .003) but more likely to be associated with recurrent ischemia (OR 1.33; 95% CI: 1.03-1.71; P = .026) when compared to the Indian subcontinent patients. Despite the baseline differences, there were largely no significant differences in in-hospital outcomes between the Indians and the Middle Eastern Arabs.
 ...
PMID:Acute Coronary Syndrome in Indian Subcontinent Patients Residing in the Middle East: Results From Gulf Registry of Acute Coronary Events II. 2540 14

The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has now reached epidemic proportions and it is very likely that it will continue to rise with the increasing prevalence of juvenile diabetes mellitus, hypertension and aging population. CKD is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cardiovascular disease can lead to CKD. It is also well known that patients with CKD have a higher risk of death from CVD than of progressing to end-stage renal disease that requires renal replacement therapy. In patients with CKD, there is a higher mortality from sudden cardiac death and congestive heart failure than coronary artery disease, which is not the case in the general population. The high prevalence of congestive heart failure in CKD is due to cardiac remodeling which progresses from concentric remodeling to concentric and eccentric hypertrophy, leading to left ventricular hypertrophy with both systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Recent studies have suggested that, in patients with chronic kidney disease, common traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia and obesity may not be the main determinants of cardiovascular disease. Among the various non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors present in patients with chronic kidney disease, abnormalities of CKD related mineral and bone disorder, which includes elevated fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) have been one of the most extensively studied. However, after many years of research, the debate over the exact pathways by which FGF23 may lead to increased CVD still continues. FGF23 may have both direct and indirect effects on the cardiovascular system. Better understanding of the most relevant pathophysiologic pathways for FGF23 may lead to therapeutic interventions against cardiovascular disease in patients with CKD.
...
PMID:[FGF23 and the heart]. 2550 70

Morbid obesity is a chronic disease affecting millions of Americans. The disorder is likely to increase in prevalence because currently one third of the American population is obese. Many factors are associated with morbid obesity, including psychological (eg, depression), physiological (eg, hypothyroidism) mechanisms, sleep disorders (eg, sleep apnea), drug therapy (antidepressants, antidiabetic agents, steroids), and genetics. Increasing numbers of morbidly obese patients are requiring critical care, presenting major challenges to professional staff across the disciplines. This manuscript presents a case study describing the experiences of a morbidly obese woman in the final years of her life from the perspective of her health professional relative. The patient typifies many of the major risk factors for morbid obesity; her story reveals many of the issues faced as she revolved in and out of the critical care and acute care system. Her substantive health problems affected multiple body systems and included hypothyroidism, congestive heart failure, hyperlipidemia, and subclinical Cushing's Syndrome, likely related to previous medical therapy (cortisone) for rheumatic fever in childhood. The case description addresses many integumentary system issues the patient experienced; skin injuries and infections that can pose serious life-threatening situations for the morbidly obese patient must be prevented or treated efficiently. Health professionals can learn a great deal and improve the care they provide by listening to morbidly obese patients.
...
PMID:Clinician challenges in providing health care for a morbidly obese family member: a bariatric case study. 2558 6


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>