Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Although the clinical significance of gastric xanthelasmas is unclear, they are important lesions because they may be confused with malignant lesions. The etiopathogenesis is also unclear, but chronic gastritis, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia have been implicated. Xanthelasma is more frequent in women and its incidence increases with age. The lesions are frequently located in the stomach, and less frequently in the esophagus, duodenum and the colon. The lesions have a yellowish-white appearance, are between 0.5 and 10 mm in size and can be single or multiple. Xanthelasmas were found to be associated with chronic gastritis, gastrointestinal anastomoses, intestinal metaplasia, and H. pylori infection. These lesions are predisposing conditions for gastric cancer. Therefore, endoscopic biopsy is mandatory and careful follow-up is required. In this paper, four patients who attended hospital with abdominal pain and dyspepsia and by chance were found to have xanthelasmas on endoscopic examination are presented, and gastric xanthelasmas are discussed.
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PMID:An uncommon lesion: gastric xanthelasma. 1624 31

The aim of this retrospective study of patients with tongue pain who showed no improvement after initial treatment and examination was to find out if their lack of response correlated with serum concentrations of zinc, vitamin B12, folic acid, and copper, and if it was associated with coexisting systemic diseases. We studied 311 patients for whom we had data about serum concentrations of these elements, and recorded whether they had any systemic diseases and were taking medicines regularly. One patient (0.3%) had a copper concentration outside the reference range; 2 patients (0.6%) had folic acid concentrations outside the reference range. The corresponding number for vitamin B12 was 5 (2%), and for zinc 30 (10%). The systemic diseases with the highest rates were: hyperlipidaemia (n=53, 17%), gastritis or gastric ulcer (n=51, 16%), angina pectoris (n=39, 13%), diabetes mellitus (n=31, 10%), thyroid disease (n=31, 10%), mild mental disorder (n=27, 9%), hypertension (n=18, 6%), cerebral infarction (n=17, 6%), leiomyoma (n=15, 5%) and anaemia (n=15, 5%). Roughly 10% of the patients were deficient in zinc. This study suggested that the serum concentration of zinc was most important to the patients with tongue pain. Many patients had more than one systemic condition, and all were taking various drugs.
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PMID:Clinical study of tongue pain: Serum zinc, vitamin B12, folic acid, and copper concentrations, and systemic disease. 1973 64

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) results from autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells and is characterised by the presence of insulitis and &and beta-cell autoantibodies. Up to one third of patients develop an autoimmune polyglandular syndrome. Fifteen to 30% of T1DM subjects have autoimmune thyroid disease (Hashimoto's or Graves' disease), 5 to 10% are diagnosed with autoimmune gastritis and/or pernicious anaemia (AIG /PA), 4 to 9% present with coeliac disease (CD), 0.5% have Addison's disease (AD), and 2 to 10% show vitiligo. These diseases are characterised by the presence of autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase (for Hashimoto's thyroiditis), TSH receptor (for Graves' disease), parietal cell or intrinsic factor (for AIG /PA), tissue transglutaminase (for CD), and 21-hydroxylase (for AD). Early detection of antibodies and latent organ-specific dysfunction is advocated to alert physicians to take appropriate action in order to prevent full-blown disease. Hashimoto's hypothyroidism may cause weight gain, hyperlipidaemia, goitre, and may affect diabetes control, menses, and pregnancy outcome. In contrast, Graves' hyperthyroidism may induce weight loss, atrial fibrillation, heat intolerance, and ophthalmopathy. Autoimmune gastritis may manifest via iron deficiency or vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia with fatigue and painful neuropathy. Clinical features of coeliac disease include abdominal discomfort, growth abnormalities, infertility, low bone mineralisation, and iron deficiency anaemia. Adrenal insufficiency may cause vomiting, anorexia, hypoglycaemia, malaise, fatigue, muscular weakness, hyperkalaemia, hypotension, and generalised hyperpigmentation. Here we will review prevalence, pathogenetic factors, clinical features, and suggestions for screening, follow-up and treatment of patients with T1DM and/or autoimmune polyglandular syndrome.
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PMID:Type 1 diabetes and autoimmune polyglandular syndrome: a clinical review. 2000 14

A 65-year-old male with a history of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, gout, Barrett esophagitis, and chronic gastritis developed acute pancreatitis after taking one week of the herbal medicine, saw palmetto, for symptoms related to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Ultrasound and computed tomography ruled out cholelithiasis and obstruction, triglycerides were normal, and he had no recent infection or trauma. He had a history of occasional alcohol consumption, though there was no recent increased intake. The most likely cause of pancreatitis in this case was saw palmetto. Saw palmetto (Serenoa repens) is an herbal medication used primarily in the treatment of symptoms related to BPH. It has a high content of fatty acids and phytosterols which are thought to exert their effects by inhibiting the enzyme 5-alpha-reductase, thereby preventing the conversion of testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT). It has been postulated that saw palmetto directly stimulates estrogenic receptors and inhibits progesterone receptors in the prostate tissue. A previous report implicated the estrogen/antiandrogen properties of saw palmetto as inducing hepatotoxicity in a patient. Additionally, it has also been postulated that stimulation of the estrogenic receptors may lead to increased triglyceride levels or induction of a hypercoagulable state that leads to pancreatic necrosis. Finally, inhibition of cyclooxygenase, a property of saw palmetto, may be linked to acute pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis, a serious and sometimes fatal disorder may occur secondary to medications. Although the mechanism is not fully known, this is the second case of acute pancreatitis that has been documented secondary to the herbal medication saw palmetto. It is important for clinicians to obtain detailed medication histories, including over-the-counter and herbal medications, in order to prevent further complications from occurring.
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PMID:A possible case of saw palmetto-induced pancreatitis. 2053 Oct 44

An adult male chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera) presented with severe lethargy and tachypnea; the physical examination was otherwise unremarkable. Due to the animal's clinical condition, it was submitted for necropsy but died immediately prior to euthanasia. Clinicopathologic findings included leukocytosis with a left-shift neutrophilia and lymphopenia, azotemia, hyperphosphatemia, hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia, electrolyte imbalance, cholestasis, and hepatocellular damage. Neutrophilic enteritis with gramnegative bacterial colonization, hepatic lipidosis, interstitial pneumonia, suppurative tubulonephritis, erosive gastritis, cerebral edema, and lymphoid depletion were present microscopically. Attaching and effacing, eae-positive, Escherichia coli characterized by the presence of the intimin virulence factor was isolated from both the kidney and spleen. The cause of death was attributed to acute E. coli septicemia and subsequent disseminated intravascular coagulation.
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PMID:Enteric infection and subsequent septicemia due to attaching and effacing Escherichia coli in a Chinchilla. 2432 26

Gastritis is a major disease that has the potential to grow as gastric cancer. Gastric cancer is a very common cancer, and it is related to a very high mortality rate in Korea. This disease is known to have various reasons, including infection with Helicobacter pylori, dietary habits, tobacco, and alcohol. The incidence rate of gastritis has reported to differ between age, population, and gender. However, unlike other factors, there has been no analysis based on gender. So, we examined the high risk factors of gastritis in each gender in the Korean population by focusing on sex. We performed an analysis of 120 clinical characteristics and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using 349,184 single-nucleotide polymorphisms from the results of Anseong and Ansan cohort study in the Korea Association Resource (KARE) project. As the result, we could not prove a strong relation with these factors and gastritis or gastric ulcer in the GWAS. However, we confirmed several already-known risk factors and also found some differences of clinical characteristics in each gender using logistic regression. As a result of the logistic regression, a relation with hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, hyperlipidemia therapy, hypotensive or antihypotensive drug, diastolic blood pressure, and gastritis was seen in males; the results of this study suggest that vascular disease has a potential association with gastritis in males.
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PMID:Epidemiological and genome-wide association study of gastritis or gastric ulcer in korean populations. 2531 12

As a major factor participating in the organism antioxidation and detoxification process, GSH is of vital importance to human beings. Detecting GSH content in single cells is significant to diagnosis and prevention of many diseases. In this work, the amount of GSH within single erythrocytes was detected and analyzed via statistical analysis. All erythrocytes tested were collected from people in different ages and people of different pathological states. The correlation between GSH level, age and pathological state were investigated. Results showed that the GSH level in erythrocytes decreased with the ages of patients increased. There was little difference between the GSH level in erythrocytes from people who had chronic diseases (hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and hypertension) and from healthy people. However, the GSH level in erythrocytes from people who had inflammation (myocarditis, nephritis and gastritis) was generally higher than that from the healthy people. This study provides basic data for researches of cell senescence and cytopathic effect and is helpful to diagnosis and prevention of diseases. In addition, it also provides a simple and effective method for rapid GSH detection within single cell.
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PMID:Detection of glutathione within single erythrocyte of different ages and pathological state using microfluidic chips coupled with laser induced fluorescence. 2598 61

Verruciform xanthoma is a rare benign verrucopapillary lesion that develops in the oral mucosa and genital skin. Its development in the esophagus is extremely rare, with only 5 reported cases. We present 2 cases of verruciform xanthoma of the esophagus. Case 1 involved a 91-year-old woman, who had hypertension and chronic gastritis with Helicobacter pylori infection, with a 12-year history of a 10-mm white-yellow elevated lesion on the esophagus, 35 cm from the incisor teeth. Case 2 involved a 70-year-old man with fundic gland polyp, hyperlipidemia, and lung cancer, who had a 10-mm whitish granular/verrucoid lesion on the esophagus, 28 cm from the incisor teeth. Microscopically, these lesions show verrucous and papillomatous epithelial hyperplasia with neutrophilic intraepithelial exocytosis. The histological hallmark is the presence of numerous foamy histiocytes infiltrating the elongated squamous epithelial papillae. Although its etiology is unknown, irritation or trauma caused by radiotherapy has been suggested.
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PMID:Verruciform Xanthoma of the Esophagus: Two Case Reports With Review of the Literature. 3159 40

Gastric xanthelasma (GX) is a rare tumor-like lesion customarily found as an incidental finding due to its asymptomatic appearance. Grossly, it is a well-marked yellow-white plaque created in the lamina propria by microscopic clusters of foamy macrophages. Xanthelasma is rarely correlated with gastric hyperplastic polyps; gastric xanthomas are rare benign lesions that appear to be associated with inflammation of the gastric mucosa. Etiopathogenesis is also unclear, but it has been suggested to be involved in chronic gastritis, infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia. The gastric xanthoma prevalence ranges from 0.23% to 7%. Orth first described the condition in 1887. It has been found that xanthelasmas are associated with chronic gastritis, gastrointestinal anastomosis, intestinal metaplasia, and H. pylori infection. These lesions predispose patients to gastric cancer conditions. Xanthoma (GX) was reported to be a predictive marker for early gastric cancer. However, the effectiveness of these scores and xanthoma (GX) as predictive markers for early gastric cancer detected after H. pylori eradication remains unknown.
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PMID:Gastric Xanthoma Associated with Gastric Cancer Development: An Updated Review. 3214 48

The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between periodontitis and chronic gastritis/peptic ulcer using a cross-sectional study design. The present prospective cohort study used epidemiological data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) recorded from 2004 to 2016. Among 173,209 participants, 9983 with periodontitis and 125,336 with no periodontitis were selected. Histories of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer between periodontitis and no periodontitis participants were analyzed. The participants were questioned around any history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, cerebral stroke, ischemic heart disease, periodontitis, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, nutritional intake, and financial income. Chi-square tests, independent t-tests, two-tailed analyses were used in statistical analysis of the data. The adjusted odds ratio of chronic gastritis was 2.22 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.10-2.34, p < 0.001) and that of peptic ulcer was 1.86 (95% CI = 1.74-1.98, p < 0.001) in model 2. This study demonstrated that periodontitis was associated with an increased risk of chronic gastritis/peptic ulcer. These findings provide additional evidence for an association between periodontitis and chronic gastritis/peptic ulcer.
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PMID:Analysis of the Relation between Periodontitis and Chronic Gastritis/Peptic Ulcer: A Cross-Sectional Study Using KoGES HEXA Data. 3257 Aug 64


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