Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The health condition of man has changed considerably since life insurance companies have been established. The initial problem of the companies was the fact that many young persons died from tuberculosis. For many decades persons from families with tuberculosis cases or with underweight were not accepted for insurance on their lives. Nevertheless companies observed many deaths causes by this disease. Medical directors and actuaries studied these cases in detail (dates and numbers), even of the deceased. The resulting statistics formed the premium calculation basis for persons with an increased risk. Comparative studies allowed acceptance for more people. Within the last decades when sulfonamides, antibiotics and insulin were discovered and produced the mortality ratio decreased. Nowadays, even persons who suffered from tuberculosis do not present an increased risk anymore. The life expectancy has doubled during the last century. This is why degenerative diseases increased, especially the coronary heart diseases. While thirty years ago the mortality ratio stood at about 500%, improved medical and surgical therapy made prognosis easier and when risk factors can be eliminated the mortality ratio tends to be less than 200%. Since insulin is available, patients with type I-diabetes do not die anymore in coma, the remaining risk is the sclerosis of the vessels. Diabetes with adults increases with overweight, high blood pressure and hyperlipemia. The mortality ratio depends on these risk factors. Morbus Crohn, first described in 1932, seems to increase. Life insurance needs more long-term statistical data. For only some years we are confronted with the immunodeficiency "Aids".(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Change in the panorama of chronic diseases and their insurability by life insurance]. 273 88

Increased intake of fiber and starchy foods has been recommended in the treatment or prevention of a range of diseases including dumping syndrome, hyperlipidemia, gallstones, diabetes, Crohn's disease, constipation, irritable bowel, diverticular disease, and colonic cancer. The nature and physiological effects of fiber are diverse. However in general, insoluble fibers increase fecal bulk and decrease transit time. On the other hand, soluble fibers have metabolic effects secondary to reducing the rate of small intestinal absorption. In the colon, along with undigested starch, they are largely fermented yielding short-chain fatty acids which may have further metabolic effects. At present although much further work is required, the clinical management of hyperlipidemia, diabetes, constipation, and diverticular disease have already been significantly influenced as a result of the ideas and experimental evidence generated by the fiber hypothesis.
 ...
PMID:Fiber and starchy foods: gut function and implications in disease. 302 Sep 70

There were 72 patients (19 with hepatic failure, 10 with fulminant hepatitis, eight with paraquat poisoning, eight with rheumatoid arthritis, five with myasthenia gravis, four with hyperlipidemia, four with systemic arteriosclerosis including brain infarction, three with pemphigus vulgaris, two with multiple myeloma, two with systemic lupus erythematosus, two cases non-specific Ig-G antibody, two cases medication with an anticancer drug, one with multiple sclerosis, one with Crohn's disease with amyloid kidney and one with chronic myeloblastic leukemia) treated by plasma exchange in the Kidney Center, Tokai University School of Medicine from Jan. 1983 to Dec. 1986. We performed plasma exchange using fresh frozen plasma in 40 cases and Lactate-Ringer's solution containing albumin (4.0-5.0%) in 20 cases as the replacement fluid. In 17 cases, we performed double filtration plasma exchange with the recycle system and no replacement fluid. Although PE therapy did not constitute a basic therapy for hyperlipidemia, pemphigus vulgaris, rheumatoid arthritis, myasthenia gravis, and systemic lupus erythematosus, it was effective in relieving severe clinical symptoms. At the present time, conventional plasma exchange does not improve the survival rate of patients with hepatic failure and fulminant hepatitis. Developments of a new artificial liver support apparatus and identity of many toxic substances in hepatic failure are necessary. No hypotension, hypovolemic shock or other significant complications were experienced.
 ...
PMID:Clinical reports on plasma exchange in the Kidney Center, Tokai University School of Medicine. 344 83

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a protein whose concentration in serum is increased in response to inflammatory stimuli. Increased levels serve to identify organic disease, monitor disease activity and assist differential diagnosis. High values are observed early in bacterial infections, active rheumatoid disease, Crohn's disease, acute myocardial infarction and after major trauma. In patients with ischaemic chest pain, a raised CRP value on hospital admission is associated with an adverse prognosis. In apparently healthy individuals, a raised CRP value indicates an increased risk of developing atherosclerotic vascular disease, but also increased benefit from aspirin prophylaxis and treatment of hyperlipidaemia.
 ...
PMID:C-reactive protein. 1140 13

Probiotics have been defined by The Food Agricultural Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) as "live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit to the host." They have been used for centuries in the form of dairy-based fermented products, but the potential use of probiotics as a form of medical nutrition therapy has not received formal recognition. A detailed literature review (from 1950 through February 2004) of English-language articles was undertaken to find articles showing a relationship between probiotic use and medical conditions. Medical conditions that have been reportedly treated or have the potential to be treated with probiotics include diarrhea, gastroenteritis, irritable bowel syndrome, and inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), cancer, depressed immune function, inadequate lactase digestion, infant allergies, failure-to-thrive, hyperlipidemia, hepatic diseases, Helicobacter pylori infections, genitourinary tract infections, and others. The use of probiotics should be further investigated for possible benefits and side-effects in patients affected by these medical conditions.
 ...
PMID:Probiotics and medical nutrition therapy. 1548 39

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin affecting approximately 2% of the world's population. Traditional systemic treatments, including methotrexate, ciclosporin, psoralen plus UVA (PUVA), oral retinoids and fumaric acid esters, are widely used for severe disease and are effective in the short term. Severe psoriasis is a chronic disease and patients and physicians have expressed concerns about possible harm from organ toxicity, such as skin cancer (PUVA), hyperlipidaemia (retinoids), renal (ciclosporin) or hepatotoxicity (methotrexate). Long-term monitoring is required and may not detect early organ damage. The pathophysiology of psoriasis remains to be clarified, but advances toward the understanding of the immunological basis of psoriasis have uncovered the involvement of immunological pathways; for example, the role of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, T cell proliferation and T cell activation, and migration to the epidermis. This advancement in knowledge combined with developments in recombinant technologies has led to the development of target-specific therapies. Biological agents are defined as proteins that can be extracted from animal tissue or produced via recombinant DNA technologies and possess pharmacological activity. Adalimumab, alefacept, infliximab, efalizumab and etanercept are examples of biological agents currently used for the treatment of psoriasis. Some of these are also therapy for other autoimmune conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease. These biological agents are effective in psoriasis but raise new safety concerns. Information on the safety of biological agents in conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease can not be directly extrapolated to psoriasis. An increased incidence of lymphomas has been postulated to be associated with etanercept, infliximab and adalimumab; serious infections, such as tuberculosis, have also been reported with these three biologicals, all of which target TNF-alpha. Demyelinating disorders, such as multiple sclerosis, have been reported with some biologicals as has congestive heart failure. Alefacept, because of its mechanism of action of lowering the number of active T cells, is associated with low T cell counts. Efalizumab has been associated with thrombocytopenia and haemolytic anaemia. Data on the safety of >2.5 years' continuous treatment with efalizumab are reassuring and a valuable beginning to understanding the role and risk of harm of long-term therapy for a chronic disease. Longer follow-up studies and safety databases, for each of the biologicals used in psoriasis, are needed to ensure both prolonged efficacy and minimal risk of harm.
 ...
PMID:Fulfilling an unmet need in psoriasis : do biologicals hold the key to improved tolerability? 1645 34

Inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of a number of chronic inflammatory systemic diseases (CISDs), including psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and Crohn's disease, and also in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. CISDs and cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, share common pathogenic features, and cardiovascular disease is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with CISDs. Activated inflammatory cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines contribute to the development of psoriatic lesions and play an important role in the breakdown of atherosclerotic plaques. Psoriasis and atherosclerosis also have similar histological characteristics involving T cells, macrophages and monocytes. In particular, the extravasation of T cells through the epithelium is characteristic of both psoriatic and atherosclerotic plaques. Cardiovascular disease is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with psoriasis, which is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk profile compared with the general population. Patients with psoriasis are at increased risk of arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, hyperlipidaemia, obesity and type II diabetes, which are more prevalent than in control patients. This increased risk could be due to the effects of chronic inflammatory changes, particularly the infiltration of T cells and subsequent secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Some drugs used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, such as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors have anti-inflammatory activity. In addition, systemic treatments for psoriasis may, by decreasing inflammation, reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. It is suggested, therefore, that an integrated approach to the treatment of the inflammatory processes underlying both psoriasis and atherosclerosis may be beneficial in reducing cardiovascular risk in patients with psoriasis. The newer targeted biological therapies, such as efalizumab and infliximab, which offer the potential for long-term disease control in psoriasis, may be of particular use in this setting.
 ...
PMID:Inflammation in atherosclerosis and psoriasis: common pathogenic mechanisms and the potential for an integrated treatment approach. 1870 Sep 10

Psoriasis has been associated with a number of behavioral and systemic comorbidities, including psoriatic arthritis, anxiety, depression, obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome, smoking, cardiovascular disease, alcoholism, Crohn's disease, lymphoma, and multiple sclerosis. Many of these conditions have a similar immunologic pathogeneses. Canadian and international studies have not only confirmed the presence of these comorbidities but also have demonstrated that patients with psoriasis have a significantly reduced life span. Given that patients with psoriasis are often unaware of their comorbidities, they should be screened for these conditions and treated if required by their dermatologist and/or primary care physician. It is important to keep in mind that the comorbidities and drugs used to treat them have an impact on the choice of antipsoriatic treatment. In addition, comorbidities often preclude the use of traditional systemic agents. Recent studies have demonstrated that patients with preexisting comorbidities can be safely and effectively treated with biologic therapy. Furthermore, literature is evolving to suggest that better control of psoriasis might decrease cardiovascular mortality and prolong life.
 ...
PMID:Psoriasis comorbidities. 1979 30

Epidemiological studies indicate an increased risk of co-morbidities and an association with other inflammatory diseases in psoriasis. However, most analyses have been performed on small samples of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of co-morbidities in psoriasis based on a large set of health insurance data. The database of 1.3 million patients in a German nationwide statutory health insurance scheme was analysed. Data-sets of patients with confirmed psoriasis were extracted and analysed for co-morbidities. Of 1,344,071 subjects, 33,981 had a diagnosis of psoriasis (prevalence 2.5%). Metabolic syndrome was 2.9-fold more frequent among these patients. The most common diagnoses were arterial hypertension (35.6% in psoriasis vs. 20.6% in controls) and hyperlipidaemia (29.9% vs. 17.1%). The frequencies of rheumatoid arthritis (prevalence ratio (PR) 3.8), Crohn's disease (PR 2.1) and ulcerative colitis (PR 2.0) were also increased among patients with psoriasis. In conclusion, psoriasis is associated with significant co-morbidities that imply an elevated risk of severe complications.
 ...
PMID:Co-morbidity and age-related prevalence of psoriasis: Analysis of health insurance data in Germany. 2016 97

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been linked to a myriad of diseases associated with inflammation, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Crohn's disease, and several types of cancer. In 2009 the US Food and Drug Administration accepted a complete-response submission for the use of Actemra (tocilizumab), the first humanized IL-6 receptor-inhibiting monoclonal antibody, for the treatment of RA. Although this treatment will certainly help in managing inflammatory disorders such as RA, we suggest that side effects of such blockade may be excess weight gain and hyperlipidemia.
 ...
PMID:Is interleukin-6 receptor blockade the Holy Grail for inflammatory diseases? 2030 72


1 2 Next >>