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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

10 cases of myocardial infarction in females (mean age, 41 years, 4 months) on estrogen/progestin compounds for oral contraception have shown up the determinant role of the associated atherogenic risk factors. All patients had 1 other risk factor. In 6 cases there was hyperlipidemia with a cholesterol of above 2.60 and hypertriglyceridemia in 1 case. A family history of coronary artery disease was present in 5 cases. There was heavy tobacco consumption in 8 of the 10 cases. All of these factors, especially in combination, increase the risk of infarction in a female on estrogen/progestin tablets and constitute a contraindication to their use. 2 of the patients had hypertension, 2 were obese, and 1 was a mild diabetic. There was no warning in 1 case in 2, and early dilatation in 4 of the 10 cases. Coronary arteriography on 5 of 7 patients so examined revealed coronary lesions involving 1 trunk. The histological appearances of the occluded segment of the left coronary trunk in the 27-year-old patient who died were those of an organized occluding thrombus, perhaps having developed over a slight thickening of the intima.
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PMID:[Myocardial infarct and oral contraception]. 41 87

To date, there is little information available on stroke risk factors in a major ethnic minority such as Mexican-Americans (M-A) in the USA. Forty-three M-A patients were admitted to The Methodist Hospital and Ben Taub General Hospital (Houston) for a 12-month period, with diagnosis of atherosclerotic stroke. Thrombosis was diagnosed in 31 patients (72%), embolism from atherosclerotic sources in seven (16.4%), and parenchymal hemorrhage in five (11.6%). Hypertension was a common risk factor in all groups, being higher in hemorrhage followed by thrombosis and embolism. Arteriosclerotic heart disease was a common risk to all stroke types. TIAs, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, associated atherosclerotic lesions, smoking, obesity, erythrocytosis and sedentary life were significantly associated with embolism; less so with thrombosis or hemorrhage. Gout was only associated with thrombosis. These results indicate similar risk factors for Anglo-saxons and M-A in the USA with some minor differences between the Mexican and the USA stroke series.
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PMID:Risk factors in stroke in a Mexican-American population (Houston). 61 32

To compare angiographically-determined coronary artery disease in diabetic patients with controls, 1,653 patients coming to cardiac catheterization were reviewed retrospectively to find 37 diabetic and 79 control patients matched for sex, age (+/- 3 years), and risk factors (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and smoking). The severity of coronary artery disease was assessed using an angiographic grading system. The following results were obtained: 16 of 37 diabetic patients (43%) had three-vessel disease compared to 20 of 79 controls (25%). Seventy-six of 111 (68%) diabetic vessels were diseased compared to 110 of 237 control vessels (46%) (P less than 0.005). The total coronary score reflecting total extent of disease for diabetic patients was 371 (mean 10.0 +/- (SEM) compared to 594 for controls (mean 7.5 +/- 0.7, (P less than 0.01). Diabetic patients had a statistically similar number of diffusely diseased vessels as controls (28% vs 22%). There were only three of 76 diabetic vessels (4%) considered inoperable compared to seven of 110 (6%) control vessels. We conclude that diabetic patients with chest pain have more coronary artery disease than nondiabetics, but no more diffuse or inoperable disease.
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PMID:Diffuse coronary artery disease in diabetic patients: fact or fiction? 61 80

Coronary arteriography was performed because of suspected coronary disease in 239 women less than 45 years of age. Normal coronary arteries were found in 112 women, and a further 23 had insignificant stenosis (less than 50 percent narrowing of luminal diameter). Of the remaining 104 women, 56 had one vessel, 22 two vessel and 26 three vessel disease. Hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, smoking and a family history of coronary disease were significantly more frequent in women with significant stenosis than in women with normal arteries. Significant coronary disease was found in 55 percent (100 of 182) of women with more than two risk factors but in only 7 percent (4 of 57) of those with less than two risk factors (P less than 0.0001). Evaluation of symptoms and the resting electrocardiogram also discriminated between women with and without coronary disease, but exercise testing was of little value. Only 4 of the 46 women with previous myocardial infarction had normal or near-normal coronary arteries. Among women with segmental wall motion abnormalities on ventriculography, the site was anterior in 90 percent (19 of 21) of women who used oral contraceptive drugs but in only 60 percent (21 of 35) of nonusers (P less than 0.05). However, in most respects, coronary artery disease in young women does not appear to differ from coronary disease in other patients.
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PMID:Coronary artery disease in young women: clinical and angiographic features and correlation with risk factors. 67 35

A series of 35 xenon-133 (133Xe) ventilation studies yielded nine cases demonstrating accumulation of activity in the liver. Maximum intrahepatic deposition of radioxenon occurred during the washout phase of the study. In addition to those clinical instances which make this phenomenon possible, i.e., obesity, alcoholic-induced liver steatosis and diabetes mellitus, we found that hyperlipidemia and coronary artery disease also favor xenon-133 localization into the hepatic parenchyma. It is concluded that the lipid avidity of 133Xe facilitates its liver accumulation hyperlipidemic patients and in patients with coronary artery disease, and that this action may be explored to further understand deranged metabolic pathways in the liver of these patients. Hepatic accumulation of 133Xe during ventilation studies must be considered when assessing regional ventilation/perfusion relationships.
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PMID:Implications of liver activity associated with 133Xe ventilation lung scans. 67 63

Over a 12-year period, from 1965 to 1977, 43 women under 46 years of age were documented with angiographic evidence of coronary atherosclerosis at St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney. Twenty-five of the women were able to be followed up at a mean interval of 31 months. This group of young women with coronary artery disease was compared with an age-matched control group of 660 "healthy" women drawn from the general population. Hyperlipidaemia was present in 72% of patients and in 13% of controls. Seventy-three percent of patients were regular cigarette smokers compared with 21% of controls. Only one patient out of 43 showed neither hyperlipikaemia, nor hypertension, nor smoked cigarettes, and multiple risk factors were commonly present. The level of high density or alpha-lipoprotein was significantly reduced in young women with coronary artery disease. These results highlight the presence of classical risk factors in these young women, as well as the importance of alpha-lipoproteins.
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PMID:Coronary artery disease in young Australian women. 73 44

Fasting serum cholesterol and serum triglyceride levels were determined in 15 maintenance hemodialysis (MH) and 35 renal transplant (RT) patients. Fourteen of 15 MH patients (93%) had elevated triglyceride levels (greater than 140 mg/100 ml) compared to 11 of 35 RT recipients (31%) (P less than .001). Two of 15 MH patients (13%) had elevated cholesterol levels (greater than 230 mg/100 ml), compared to 18 of 35 RT recipients (51%) (P = .03). In MH patients, a positive correlation was noted between serum triglyceride levels and carbohydrate intake (P = .03). Autopsy material from 12 children who underwent MH or RT was compared to material from 16 age-matched controls; an increased collagenous content of intima, a possible early indicator of coronary artery disease, was noted more frequently (P less than .006) in index patients compared to controls. Our data demonstrate that hyperlipidemia is a frequent finding in pediatric patients treated with MH and RT, and may be associated with premature coronary artery disease.
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PMID:Hyperlipidemia in pediatric hemodialysis and renal transplant patients. Associated with coronary artery disease. 78 6

Starting in childhood, blood lipid levels rise progressively with each ten-year period until age 70, when cholesterol and triglyceride levels begin to stabilize and then decline. By age 80 there is a precipitous drop to approximately the values noted in persons of the 20-30 age group. Data on 195 residents of a geriatric center are included. Despite the lower average lipid levels, 30 per cent of the elderly show some lipid abnormality. There is a definite increase in the risk of death from coronary artery disease in hyperlipidemic persons as compared to those who are normolipidemic, even during the eighth and ninth age decades. Hyperlipidemia appears to be a significant risk in the elderly, as in persons of any age, and should be treated accordingly.
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PMID:Hyperlipidemia and its significance in the aged population. 115 Oct 38

Nephrotic mixed hyperlipidemia may be associated with accelerated coronary artery disease. To investigate the response of experimental nephrotic hyperlipidemia to therapy, a 2(4) factorial study of sodium clofibrate and beta-benzalbutyrate, halofenate and oxandrolone (250, 150, 100 and 10 mg/kg/day, respectively) was carried out. Nephrotic syndrome was induced by a single i.p. injection of puromycin aminonucleoside (90 mg/kg) in 80 female white rats of average weight 160 g. Oxandrolone proved to be significantly hypotriglyceridemic in combined therapy (average fall, 38%; P less than .05), and also lowered serum total cholesterol and phospholipid concentrations (23% and 21% falls, P less than .01) and less than .05), due largely to synergistic interactions with clofibrate-like drugs. Hypocholesteremic effects (23 and 22% average falls) were also significant for halofenate (P less than .01) and clofibrate (P less than .05) . Serum triglyceride levels actually rose significantly (P less than .05) with drug combinations containing beta-benzalbutyrate. Clofibrate and its analogs (halofenate and beta-benzalbutyrate) produced significant hepatomegaly (mean responses of +18, +18 and +10%, respectively) whereas oxandrolone produced significant hepatic shrinkage (-10%)(P less than .05). Secondary effects (drug interactions) were also found; hypotriglyceridemic synergism (effects more than additive) occurred between oxandrolone and clofibrate or its analogs (P less than .05), whereas antagonism (effects less than additive) was observed within the clofibrate-like group (P less than .01 or less .05).
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PMID:Efficacy and interactions of oxandrolone, halo-fenate and clofibrate in a factorial study on experimental acute nephrotic hyperlipidemia. 117 Dec 21

Risk factors for coronary artery disease were present to a greater degree in children of men who had experienced premature myocardial infarction when compared to children of unaffected male parents. Levels of cholesterol and body weight, as well as family history of premature CAD, differed significantly between the groups of children. The chance of identifying a child with hyperlipidemia was three times greater if the father had premature CAD. Data regarding familial aggregation of risk factors for CAD are reviewed and their significance discussed.
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PMID:Risk factors for coronary artery disease in children of affected families. 118 18


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