Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020473 (hyperlipidemia)
 15,891 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A clinical trial was conducted in 22 SLE patients with central nervous system (CNS) disorder in which the efficacy of pulse methylprednisolone suleptanate at the dose of 400 mg or 800 mg (as methylprednisolone) was assessed. The symptoms of CNS disorder disappeared within 40 days after pulse therapy in all of the 16 patients with organic brain syndrome (OBS). No improvement in the symptoms took place in any but one of the five patients who had cerebrovascular disorder. One SLE patient with depression showed improvement 55 days after pulse therapy. In the patients with OBS who had not received pulse therapy until 28 days or more after onset of CNS disorder, the symptoms disappeared in 20 days or more in both 400 mg and 800 mg dose groups. On the other hand, five of the six patients given the dose of 800 mg within 10 days of occurrence of the disease experienced a complete relief of the symptoms in 10 days after pulse therapy. However, at least 13 days were required for complete relief in all the four patients of the 400 mg group. The adverse reactions reported consisted of hyperlipemia, diabetes mellitus, and infections such as thrush or herpes zoster. The above results suggest that methylprednisolone pulse therapy is useful in the treatment of CNS disorder associated with SLE, particularly in patients with OBS who are given the dose of 800 mg early after onset of the disease.
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PMID:[Methylprednisolone pulse therapy for SLE patients with CNS disorder]. 797 24

We examined the prevalence of HIV, general medical, and psychiatric comorbidities by age based on a recent multisite cohort of HIV infected veterans receiving care: the Veterans with HIV/AIDS 3 Site Study (VACS 3). VACS 3 includes 881 adult patients with HIV infection enrolled between June 1999 and July 2000. Providers reported their patients' CDC-defined HIV comorbidities, general medical comorbidities (based on Duke and Charlson comorbidity scales), and psychiatric comorbidity. Mean age of participants was 49 years and 54% were African-American. The most common HIV comorbidities were oral candidiasis (21%), peripheral neuropathy (16%), and herpes zoster (16%). The most common general medical comorbidities included chemical hepatitis (53%), hypertension (24%), and hyperlipidemia (17%). The mean number of HIV and general medical comorbidities experienced by patients were respectively 1.1 and 1.4 (P < .001). Older (> or = 50 years) HIV-infected patients experienced a greater number of general medical comorbidities than those < 50 years (respectively 1.7 versus 1.2, P < .001). There was no significant difference in mean HIV comorbidity number by age. Based on patient report, 46% had significant depressive symptoms (> or = 10 on 10-item CES-D) and 21% reported at-risk drinking (> or = 8 on AUDIT). Providers reported 32% of patients had anxiety, 4% mania, 4% schizophrenia, and 11% cognitive impairment/dementia. General medical and psychiatric comorbidities constituted a higher disease burden for HIV-infected veterans than HIV comorbidities. Whether these comorbidities are due to antiretroviral drug toxicity or are age or lifestyle-associated conditions, the substantial prevalence of these "non-HIV" comorbidities suggest an important role for general medical and psychiatric management of HIV-infected patients.
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PMID:General medical and psychiatric comorbidity among HIV-infected veterans in the post-HAART era. 1175 Feb 6

High dose glucocorticoids (GC) are commonly used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. The frequencies, occurrence day and dose-dependency for side effects may be different among the events such as diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, infectious disease, osteoporosis, and peptic ulcer. We investigated GC-induced side effects in 68 patients treated with GC for autoimmune diseases. Initial dose of GC (prednisolone equivalent) was 0.67+/-0.35 mg/kg/d. Hypercholesterolemia (66%), hypertension (62%), insomnia (50%), hypertriglyceridemia (44%), excessive appetite (38%), hyperglycemia (18%), digestive symptom (16%), moon-shaped face (13%) and oral candidiasis (12%) were observed in 63 patients treated with GC. Hypercholesterolemia, excessive appetite, digestive symptom, moon-shaped face, and oral candidiasis were associated with the initial dose of prednisolone greater than 0.80 mg/kg/d. Insomnia [median 6 days (range 1-88)], excessive appetite [7 days (2-57)], hypertension [8 days (1-37)], digestive symptom [15 days (1-87)] and hypercholesterolemia [19 days (3-77)] were observed early after 6-19 days starting GC. On the other hand, hypertriglyceridemia [33 days (2-131)], oral candidiasis [35 days (7-52)] and hyperglycemia [60 days (4-134)] were developed after 33-60 days starting GC. Since the frequencies, dose-dependency and occurrence day were different among the side effects of GC, medical staffs including physicians and pharmacists should pay attention such features of the events in the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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PMID:[Investigation of glucocorticoid-induced side effects in patients with autoimmune diseases]. 1933 98

HIV/AIDS is still an important health problem worldwide and the number of people living with HIV worldwide continued to grow in the last years. The first HIV/AIDS cases had been reported in 1985 from Turkey and with an increasing trend during the following years, the number of cases reached to 3898 with 528 new cases in 2009. The aim of this retrospective study was to share the 18 years experience with the patients who were followed-up in Erciyes University Hospital Infectious Diseases Clinics in Cappadocia region. The records of 55 (81%) HIV/AIDS patients out of 68 who were admitted to our clinic between 1992- 2009 have been attained and the demographic and clinical characteristics, administered therapy regimens and adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy of those cases have been evaluated. Forty-three (78%) of the patients were male and 12 (22%) were female of which 11 (92%) of their spouses had HIV/AIDS. The median age of the patients was 45 and 20 (36%) of them were over 54 years old. Fifty (91%) of patients lived in Cappadocia region, and 24 (44%) had lived in foreign countries. Fifty (91%) patients had risky heterosexual contact as a risk factor. Of these patients, 47 (85%) were in full-blown AIDS stage at admission. Twenty-seven (49%) of the patients diagnosed occasionally during routine anti-HIV testing, did not have any symptoms. Fever, weakness and weight loss were the most frequently detected symptoms in the rest of the patients. Ten (18%) patients had underlying diseases such as hypertension, chronic hepatitis B or C, coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus and chronic renal disfunction. Opportunistic infections were determined in 25 (45.5%) patients and 20 (40%) of these infections were determined at admission. The most frequent opportunistic infection was oral candidiasis, followed by Pneumocystis (carinii) jiroveci pneumonia and tuberculosis. Malignancy was diagnosed in three patients; two had Kaposi's sarcoma and one had multiorgan adenocarcinoma. Antiretroviral therapy was started in 37 (67%) of the patients and lamivudin/zidovudin + lopinavir/ritonavir was the most commonly used combination. Antiretroviral therapy was changed in 13 (35%) patients most frequently due to the development of side effects of the drugs. Nausea, vomiting and hyperlipidemia were the most frequent side effects, while diarrhea, skin rashes, anemia, leucopenia and lipoatrophy have also been detected. One patient discontinued therapy by his own will. Sixteen (27.6%) of 58 patients, whose records could be achieved, died. The mortality rates detected in 1992-1999 and 2000-2009 periods were 78.6% (11/14) and 11.4% (5/44), respectively. The mean exitus time of the patients was six months after the diagnosis. The reasons of mortality were opportunistic infections in six patients, and adenocarcinoma in one patient. Autopsy had been performed in seven cases, however three patients' records could be attained. One had disseminated candidiasis and miliary tuberculosis, one had multiorgan carcinoma, and one had pneumonia, kidney and colon necrosis and condyloma acuminata. In conclusion, increasing awareness of physicians about HIV/AIDS epidemiology in Turkey provides early diagnosis and prevents the dissemination of illness in community.
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PMID:[Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients followed-up in Cappadocia region: 18 years experience]. 2134 Nov 67