Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020440 (hypercapnia)
 7,939 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The health risks of obesity increase with its severity and reach significance at a weight greater than 20% above optimal, by using life insurance tables, or at a body mass index greater than 27. Risks include hypertension, insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, and, in some studies, high total-and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol. There is an increased mortality from endometrial cancer in women and from colorectal cancer in men. Chronic hypoxia and hypercapnia, sleep apnea, gout, and degenerative joint disease can occur with more severe obesity. The distribution of body fat is directly related to these health risks. Abdominal obesity is more dangerous than gluteal-femoral obesity because the amount of intraabdominal fat seems to determine much of the increased peril; therefore, risks of cardiovascular disease, stroke, hypertension, and diabetes increase with abdominal obesity, even independently of total fat mass.
 ...
PMID:Health implications of obesity. 203 92

Massive obesity may be accompanied by severe and sometimes lethal respiratory complications. The restrictive ventilatory deficit which results from a decrease in thoracic wall compliance and perhaps also from diaphragmatic dysfunction is more severe in males and in subjects with abdominal obesity. Diurnal hypoxaemia results from 2 mechanisms: diminution of the ventilation/perfusion ratio at the base of the lung, and alveolar hypoventilation. Hypercapnia is a fairly frequent complication of massive obesity. Although usually moderate, hypercapnia is a major indicator as it is very often associated with sleep apnoea syndrome. The most severe respiratory complication of massive obesity is this syndrome which must be looked for systematically by questioning the patient and her husband or his wife before serious cardiopulmonary and neuropsychic disorders appear. The effects of weight loss of nocturnal apnoea are inconsistent and variable. Continuous positive pressure ventilation by means of a nasal mask is the choice treatment of sleep apnoea syndrome, especially since the results of rhino-laryngeal surgery are often disappointing.
 ...
PMID:[Respiratory function in massive obesity]. 831 Feb 44