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Query: UMLS:C0020440 (hypercapnia)
 7,939 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of simulated joint effusion on pO2, pCO2, the regional blood flow and intraosseous bone marrow pressure in the subchondral bone of rabbit. Mass spectrometry was used for simultaneous and continuous registration of subchondral pO2 and pCO2, while the relative argon signal was used for qualitative estimation of regional bone blood flow. The bone marrow pressure was recorded continuously by pressure transducers. Isotonic sodium chloride infusion at a constant pressure of 75 mmHg into the knee joint cavity constituted the basis for joint effusion. An instant increase in the subchondral bone marrow pressure followed the joint effusion (P less than 0.001). This resulted in a significant (P less than 0.01) decrease in the qualitative bone blood flow, significant (P less than 0.01) hypoxia and significant (P less than 0.01) hypercapnia in the subchondral bone. Joint effusion always lasted 30 minutes. Following its release all changes were reversed to normal values within 15 minutes. Within the period of observation no nervous or humoral factors seem to be brought into action. It was concluded that regional venous stasis was responsible for all changes, and that joint effusion should not be left untreated for long periods.
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PMID:Effect of simulated joint effusion on subchondral haemodynamics and metabolism. 309 36

Laparoscopic techniques in general surgery have become a widely accepted method, especially for treatment of symptomatic gallstone disease. Many reports have investigated the indications, contraindications, equipment, techniques and outcome of laparoscopic procedures. However, as yet, relatively few studies have discussed the problems concerning patient's monitoring and care during the postoperative course. In the present paper, the authors review the pertinent literature analyzing the management of the postoperative period after laparoscopic surgery of the upper abdomen. Obviously, most data have regarded cholecystectomy, that is the most frequent procedure. Surgical laparoscopists have utilized knowledge deriving from gynecological experience, but these procedures are generally short and performed on young, otherwise healthy female patients. On the contrary, laparoscopic digestive surgery shows both gastrointestinal and peculiar general problems. These procedures are frequently performed on older patients who may have pre-existing diseases and require longer periods of peritoneal insufflation. During surgery of the upper abdomen, the pneumoperitoneum and the patient's operative position produce haemodynamic and respiratory changes coupled with acid-base disturbances. Intraabdominal hypertension causes a venous stasis along the inferior vena caval territory that can lead to a decrease in cardiac preload and in cardiac output. Usually, a compensatory increase in peripheral vascular resistance ensures normal or mildly high values of arterial tension. Furthermore, a hypercapnia and a mild mixed acidosis can develop as a result of the concomitance of different pathogenetic factors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Postoperative course after laparoscopic surgery of the upper abdomen]. 799 Nov 66