Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020440 (hypercapnia)
 7,939 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A total of 19 patients (aged 17-66 years) with priapism received primarily conservative treatment in the form of aspiration of blood from the cavernous bodies and subsequent intracavernous (i.c.) administration of the alpha-adrenergic drug metaraminol. In 15 patients the priapism was due to i.c. injection of vasoactive agents; 1 patient each it had developed after hemodialysis, during oral prazosin medication, and in conjunction with Fabry's disease; and in 1 patient the etiopathogenesis was unknown. Treatment of priapism with metaraminol was successful in the first 15 patients and in 2 patients with priapism due to hemodialysis and oral prazosin medication. Therapy failed in long-lasting priapism associated with Fabry's disease and in priapism of unknown etiopathogenesis. Penile detumescence took place in the first 15 patients 3 min to 2.5 h after the injection of 2-4 mg metaraminol. Hemodialysis- and prazosin-linked priapism was treated with 5 and 2 mg metaraminol, respectively; in these patients erection subsided within 15 and 4 min after onset of therapy. In a further 2 patients in whom therapy had failed Al-Ghorab shunts were constructed, with the subsequent postoperative complication of erectile impotence. Injection of metaraminol must be carried out under strict supervision of the patient's circulatory system: doses of 4 mg metaraminol or more led to an increase in blood pressure and heart rate. In 15 patients with priapism induced by i.c. application of vasoactive agents, the analysis of blood gas parameters demonstrated a severe hypercapnia (70.3 +/- 10.0 mm Hg) and acidosis (pH 7.08 +/- 0.08) 5-10 h after the onset of erection, but severe hypoxia (37.0 +/- 16.6 mm Hg) was not found until erection had lasted for more than 10 h.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Metaraminol in therapy of various forms of priapism]. 314 Apr 63

Priapism is a persistent erection which fails to subside after climax and is accompanied by penile pain and tenderness. The most common form of priapism to confront contemporary urologists is persistence of erection following pharmacologic stimulation. We reviewed our experience over 18 months with initial diagnostic intracavernous challenges of prostaglandin E1. Three-hundred and sixty-six new impotence patients presented to our center and underwent PGE1/color duplex Doppler assessment; 14 patients developed persistent rigidity of two or more hours accompanied by penile discomfort. Each of these patients was successfully managed with penile aspiration and direct corporal instillation of the alpha-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine. The mean PGE1 dosage injected was 6 micrograms and mean duration of erection preceding aspiration 180 minutes. Penile blood gases were obtained from the initial aspirate in all cases. The duration of pharmacologic erections were correlated with the partial pressures of oxygen, carbon dioxide, bicarbonate and the pH using linear regression analysis. There was a clear trend towards deoxygenation, acidosis, and hypercarbia with prolonged erection (105-342 minutes). The relationship between duration of pharmacologic erection and acidosis/hypercarbia was highly significant.
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PMID:Pharmacologic erection: time-dependent changes in the corporal environment. 801 18

Ischaemic priapism is characterised by hypoxia, hypercapnia and acidosis with resultant corporal fibrosis. Studies reported decreased erectile recovery after treatment of priapism longer than 36 h. However, a recent study revealed that half of patients with 3 days of priapism achieved recovery after T-shunt, although mechanism remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the effect of priapism duration on oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes. Twenty-four male rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 served as control. Groups 2, 3 and 4 represented 1, 2 and 4 h, respectively, of priapism induced by vacuum device and rubber band placed at base of erect penis. After 30 min of reperfusion, penectomy and blood withdrawal were performed to investigate levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Corporal MDA progressively increased with priapism duration (P = 0.01). Corporal SOD significantly differed between groups 1, 2 and 4. Also, there were significant differences in corporal GPx in groups 1 and 4 (P = 0.004) and groups 2 and 4 (P = 0.01). Corporal CAT was higher in group 4, but multivariable analysis revealed insignificant differences. Plasma MDA of the experimental groups was significantly higher than that of controls. There were no differences among groups in terms of other parameters. Increased antioxidant enzymes according to duration of priapism suggest that immediate treatment to relieve oxidative stress should be initiated in prolonged cases. However, further studies should be conducted to determine resistance mechanisms of the corpora to prolonged ischaemia.
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PMID:Duration of priapism is associated with increased corporal oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes in a rat model. 2622 51