Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020440 (hypercapnia)
 7,939 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 72-year old lady suffering from coronary heart disease was admitted with acute abdominal pain. Laparoscopy was performed and revealed perforation of a duodenal ulcer. The surgeon decided to suture the perforation via laparoscope. After an uncomplicated start he had to finish the laparoscopic procedure because of a massive hypercapnia and a developing subcutaneous emphysema. Laparotomy showed an iatrogenic perforation of the right diaphragm. A chest drain was inserted; after suturing of the perforated ulcer the abdomen was closed. The further hospital stay was uneventful. The possible causes for the increasing hypercapnia are discussed. We suggest close monitoring of patients during laparoscopy including capnometry and the anaesthesist should be aware of rare complications.
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PMID:[Capnothorax and subcutaneous emphysema in attempted laparoscopic suture of duodenal ulcer]. 794 6

The medical hazards of obesity are discussed. Risks include insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Obesity is also associated with gallbladder disease and some forms of cancer as well as sleep apnea, chronic hypoxia and hypercapnia, and degenerative joint disease. Obesity is an independent risk factor for death from coronary heart disease. A central distribution of body fat enhances the risk for most of these conditions.
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PMID:Medical hazards of obesity. 836 92

Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is a common clinical condition in which the throat narrows or collapses repeatedly during sleep, causing obstructive sleep apnoea events. The syndrome is particularly prevalent in middle-aged and older adults. The mechanism by which the upper airway collapses is not fully understood but is multifactorial and includes obesity, craniofacial changes, alteration in upper airway muscle function, pharyngeal neuropathy and fluid shift towards the neck. The direct consequences of the collapse are intermittent hypoxia and hypercapnia, recurrent arousals and increase in respiratory efforts, leading to secondary sympathetic activation, oxidative stress and systemic inflammation. Excessive daytime sleepiness is a burden for the majority of patients. OSAS is also associated with cardiovascular co-morbidities, including hypertension, arrhythmias, stroke, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis and overall increased cardiovascular mortality, as well as metabolic dysfunction. Whether treating sleep apnoea can fully reverse its chronic consequences remains to be established in adequately designed studies. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the primary treatment modality in patients with severe OSAS, whereas oral appliances are also widely used in mild to moderate forms. Finally, combining different treatment modalities such as CPAP and weight control is beneficial, but need to be evaluated in randomized controlled trials. For an illustrated summary of this Primer, visit: http://go.nature.com/Lwc6te.
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PMID:Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. 2718 35