Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020438 (hypercalciuria)
 2,502 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Some biochemical and radiological parameters of bone loss associated with rheumatoid arthritis were compared with changes observed in patients suffering from osteoarthrosis. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis increased elimination of hydroxyproline correlated with hypercalciuria and elevated total serum alkaline phosphatase were found. It is suggested that in cases where special methods of assessment of bone changes are not available these biochemical values could serve as satisfactory screening method for detection of bone loss.
 ...
PMID:The evaluation of bone changes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 664 34

Enzyme replacement therapy for a severely affected 6-month-old girl with hypophosphatasia was attempted by repeated intravenous infusions of alkaline phosphatase-rich plasma, obtained by plasmapheresis, from two men with Paget bone disease. Circulating Paget AP activity was found to have a half-life (two days) similar to that reported in adults, which did not change during a five-week period of six AP infusions. Normalization of the patient's serum AP activity was followed by better control of her hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria. Sequential radiographic studies revealed arrest of worsening rickets with slight remineralization of metaphyses, although urinary excretion of the AP substrates phosphoethanolamine and inorganic pyrophosphate was unaltered by therapy. Our findings suggest that the infantile form of hypophosphatasia results from defective production of AP rather than from accelerated destruction of circulating enzyme, and that hydrolysis of AP substrates like PEA and PPi occurs primarily in tissue rather than blood. Study of additional cases of hypophosphatasia will be necessary to assess the clinical efficacy of this form of enzyme replacement therapy.
 ...
PMID:Infantile hypophosphatasia: enzyme replacement therapy by intravenous infusion of alkaline phosphatase-rich plasma from patients with Paget bone disease. 710 57

Fifty-six consecutive patients with sarcoidosis, 31 subacute and 25 chronic, were investigated for abnormalities of calcium and phosphate metabolism with particular reference to parathyroid function. No abnormality of serum calcium, phosphate, creatinine or alkaline phosphatase was found. Serum levels of 25-OH cholecalciferol were normal and parathyroid hormone levels were normal in all but one patient. Maximum renal tubular reabsorption capacities for calcium and phosphate (TmCa/GFR, TmP/GFR) in relation to glomerular filtration rate in the fasting state, were abnormal in some patients but this did not correlate with any other abnormality in parathyroid function. There was significant hypercalciuria (greater than 10 mmol calcium per 24 hours) in 7.5% of our patients and this is believed to be due to increased calcium flow.
 ...
PMID:Calcium and phosphate metabolism in sarcoidosis with particular reference to parathyroid function. 725 66

A 60-year-old woman was evaluated for bone pain and incapacitating weakness. Initial laboratory studies showed a serum calcium level of 10.1 mg/dL, severe hypophosphatemia (1.1 mg/dL), and an elevated alkaline phosphatase level. X-ray films showed changes consistent with osteomalacia. Further studies revealed hypercalciuria (448 mg/24 hr) but absent urinary phosphorus. These data indicated phosphate malabsorption. Excessive use of an aluminum hydroxide-containing antacid was the cause of this patient's failure to absorb dietary phosphate. The features of this syndrome are reviewed to increase physicians' awareness of this illness, which occurs particularly in the elderly and is easily treated.
 ...
PMID:Osteomalacia and weakness from excessive antacid ingestion. 743 92

Biochemical studies were performed on 80 adult males with renal stones and 24 controls from Northern Sudan. Similar studies were performed on 44 controls from Southern Sudan, where urinary stones rarely occur. No significant differences between stone formers and controls from Northern Sudan were found regarding serum uric acid, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, albumen, daily urine calcium or uric acid. Similarly, no significant difference was found between 2 groups in the incidence of hypercalciuria, hyperuricaemia of hyperuricosuria. The serum calcium was significantly higher in stone formers. The mean serum and daily urine calcium were significantly lower, and the mean serum and daily urine uric acid were significantly higher in controls from Southern Sudan compared to either stone formers or controls from Northern Sudan. The mean daily urine volume was significantly higher in Southern controls compared to Northern controls. The increased prevalence of stone formers in Northern Sudan appears to result from the higher calcium output in the urine and the lower urine volume in the North compared with the South.
 ...
PMID:Urolithiasis in the Sudan. Studies on a stone-prone and a stone-free population. 747 Aug 5

Walker carcinoma 256 (W256) was reported to induce hypercalcemia dependent on bone metastasis and/or parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) in the rat, providing a model of the humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. In this study, after the subcutaneous inoculation of cells of the W256/S line, which is maintained in this laboratory, into young female Wistar Imamichi rats (6 weeks old), serum calcium and phosphorus levels changed only within the control range, whereas serum alkaline phosphatase activity and urinary calcium level significantly increased and urinary phosphorus decreased during the tumor growth, resulting in hypercalciuria and hypophosphaturia. W256/S did not express PTHrP-mRNA, whereas LLC-W256 cells did express it. Serum PTHrP level was not changed in W256/S-bearing rats. Osteoporosis-like changes, bone weight loss, low contents of bone calcium and phosphorus, and a decrease in the bone mineral density (BMD), were observed in the femur 14 days after the tumor inoculation. There was a pronounced decrease in the serum 17 beta-estradiol level during the tumor growth. The reduction of BMD of femurs in W256/S-bearing rats was significantly inhibited by treatment with salmon calcitonin or 17 beta-estradiol. On the basis of these results, W256/S carcinoma-bearing rats seem to be a useful model for osteoporosis of hypoovarianism.
 ...
PMID:Osteoporosis-like changes in Walker carcinoma 256-bearing rats, not accompanied with hypercalcemia or parathyroid hormone-related protein production. 754 Jun 9

Lumbar spine bone mineral density and bone mineral metabolism were studied in 13 children three months or more after completion of cytotoxic chemotherapy that included ifosfamide given for different malignancies. Blood and urine were analysed for calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium and blood for alkaline phosphatase activity, parathyroid hormone, and 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at the lumbar spine (L1-L4) using a commercial dual x ray absorptiometer. Serum concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium and alkaline phosphatase activity, as well as plasma 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 concentrations were normal in all children. Slightly raised parathyroid hormone concentrations were seen in two children. An increased urinary excretion of calcium was found in five children. Mean (SD) BMD of the children was -0.88 (1.44). Three children had osteopenia, as defined by a BMD lower than -2 SD for age and sex related standards. No significant relation was found between the BMD and the biochemical parameters. In conclusion, a normal BMD was found in most patients who had received ifosfamide, even in those with persisting hypercalciuria.
 ...
PMID:Bone metabolism and mineralisation after cytotoxic chemotherapy including ifosfamide. 797 31

Clinical course of the idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis (IJO) was monitored in the group of 45 patients of both sexes with diagnosed disease, verified during follow-up period. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between clinical symptoms and the results of biochemical, anthropometric, and densitometric measurements. An analysis of the obtained data enabled to distinguish the acute and chronic IJO phases. Evolution of the acute phase into chronic one was manifested by the cessation of pain and pathological gait stereotype, normalization of muscular strength, anthropometric parameters and urinary Pyr and DPyr excretion, as well as improvement in bone density. Hypercalciuria and increased urinary excretion of Pyr and DPyr, observed in the acute phase of IJO, may indicate that bone resorption exceeded bone formation. Tendency to maintain of alkaline phosphatase activity within lower limits of the normal values with slight increase during an improvement of densitometric parameters suggested transient osteoblast dysfunction.
 ...
PMID:[Dynamics of the course of idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis]. 830 31

Six cases of tubular disorder of antenatal onset responsible for biological manifestations characteristic of Bartter syndrome and severe hypercalciuria are reported. In all six cases, severe hydramnios occurred during pregnancy between the 26th and 28th week after the last menstrual period. All six patients were born prematurely; gestational age ranged from 20 to 35 weeks. Major polyuria with dehydration occurred immediately after birth. The amounts of water and sodium needed to compensate urinary losses ranged from 280 to 370 ml/kg/day and 25 to 43 mmol/kg/d, respectively, during the first two postnatal months. Decreased serum potassium levels and increased plasma levels of renin and aldosterone were seen in all six patients. Increased urinary excretion of calcium was evidenced during the first postnatal week in three cases. Urinary calcium excretion in the six patients ranged from 15 to 30 mg/kg/d. Nephrocalcinosis developed in all six patients and two patients developed urinary lithiasis. One patient died at one month of age from necrotizing enteropathy. The five remaining patients gradually developed severe growth failure with measurements between 4 and 5.5 SDs below the mean. These five patients had evidence of hyperparathyroidism including increased serum levels of parathyroid hormone (5/5), increased serum alkaline phosphatase activity (4/5), and roentgenographic bone changes (1/5). Ionized calcium assays performed in three of the five patients disclosed low values (range 1.25-1.47 mmol/l; mean = 1.35; normal values = 1.42-1.62), although total serum calcium levels were normal or high (range 2.16-2.98 mmol/l; mean 2.61; normal values = 2.45-2.65) probably as a result of chronic dehydration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Antenatal form of Bartter's syndrome]. 845 38

A standard preterm formula was supplemented with calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) (F-CaP: Ca 87 mg/dl, P 43 mg/dl) and compared to the non-supplemented form (F: Ca 62 mg/dl, P 36 mg/dl). VLBW and small-for-gestational-age infants (n = 79) were included in the study which was performed to look for adverse effects and to decide about a reasonable start and duration of supplementation. In preterm infants with a birth weight lower than 1500 g and a body weight of more than 2000 g, the additional supplementation with Ca and P lead to a significant higher Ca- and P-retention without further load for the kidney. In addition, preterm infants with a body weight lower than 1500 g also had a better retention of Ca and P. Both, F-CaP and F lead to a high urinary excretion of phosphorus, a high renal net acid excretion and a relatively high activity of serum alkaline phosphatase. Anthropometric measurements did not reveal any evidence for an impaired caloric absorption due to an increased fecal fat excretion. Hypercalcemia or hyperphosphatermia was not seen. Hypercalciuria occurred in less than 5% of the samples studied. The results of this study indicate that a continuation of the supplementation with Ca and P is justified in VLBW infants with a body weight of more than 2000 g. There was no evidence for adverse effects of Ca and P supplementation in VLBW infants with a body weight lower than 1500 g, who might therefore also benefit from supplementation. Further studies are necessary to investigate unsatisfactory metabolic conditions of these children e.g. the high renal load.
 ...
PMID:[Supplementation of premature infant nutrition with calcium and phosphor for improving mineral supply of premature and small-for-gestational age newborn infants]. 856 36


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>