Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020438 (hypercalciuria)
 2,502 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Prolonged immobilization or physical inactivity has been shown to produce increased bone resorption due to enhanced osteoclastic activity and diminished bone formation. These skeletal changes are a typical complication in tetraplegic patients, who are at risk of developing hypocalcemia. Hypercalciuria is the most characteristic symptom. However, some patients develop hypercalcemia, which is infrequent in these patients, and the hypercalcemia can become a life-threatening complication. Until now, it has been unclear why a small percentage of immobilized patients develop hypercalcemia. Here we present a case of symptomatic hypercalcemia (serum calcium: 3.5 mM/l) following immobilization due to a critical illness polyneuropathy. The diagnosis could be established after malignant hypercalcemia, primary hyperparathyroidism, and other causes of hypercalcemia were excluded. Treatment with intravenous saline, furosemide, and calcitonin was not effective in lowering serum calcium. Treatment with pamidronate (Aredia) was successful and reduced the serum calcium to normal values.
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PMID:[Immobilization hypercalcemia as a complication of polyneuropathy]. 1099 16

Although 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is a potent cell-differentiating agent, its use in cancer prevention or therapy is precluded because it induces hypercalcemia. Synthetic analogs have been developed which inhibit tumor progression in animal models of breast cancer. One analog, Seocalcitol (EB1089) has been shown to be effective in causing regression of N-methyl-nitrosourea-induced rat mammary tumors. However, at the most effective oral dose, a significant increase in serum and urinary calcium levels were observed. In order to compare the efficacy of different dosing schedules of Seocalcitol, rats were treated either 6 times weekly (1 microg/kg) or by intermittent dosing to achieve the same total weekly dose. All dosing schedules of Seocalcitol were effective in inhibiting tumor progression. Once daily dosing was significantly more effective than intermittent dosing but was associated with a greater rise in serum calcium concentration. In order to evaluate alternative treatment strategies to limit calcemic effects, we assessed the efficacy of limiting vitamin D-induced hypercalcemia using bisphosphonates. Seocalcitol (2.5 microg/kg daily p.o. for 4 weeks) alone and in combination with pamidronate (APD 0.4 mg/kg per day s.c.) or the same dose of the bisphosphonate EB 1053 caused substantial tumor regression. No statistically significant difference was seen between combination treatment and Seocalcitol treatment alone. Co-treatment with APD or EB 1053 did not limit the rise in serum calcium induced by Seocalcitol alone. Cessation of treatment or administration of a lower dose (1microg/kg twice weekly) reversed hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria and weight loss induced by high dose Seocalcitol. However, reduction in tumor volume was maintained in the majority of animals.
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PMID:Effects of Seocalcitol (EB1089) on nitrosomethyl urea-induced rat mammary tumors. 1450 2