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Query: UMLS:C0020438 (hypercalciuria)
 2,502 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Idiopathic hypercalciuria is a cause of a variety of urinary tract complaints in clinical pediatrics. These include gross or microscopic hematuria, enuresis, urinary frequency or urgency, dysuria, sterile pyuria, and proteinuria in addition to renal calculi. A random urine calcium-creatinine concentration ratio can be used to initially screen for hypercalciuria. Patients with indeterminate results should have the test repeated, while those with abnormal values should receive a complete metabolic workup to determine the cause of hypercalciuria. Identifiable causes of hypercalciuria should be treated specifically, and thiazide diuretics are the preferred treatment for uncomplicated renal calculi. Pharmacotherapy in children with idiopathic hypercalciuria and symptomatology other than renal stones is controversial and should be limited to patients with severe clinical manifestations.
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PMID:Hypercalciuria in clinical pediatrics. A review. 636 1

Thirty-one children with the extraordinary urinary frequency syndrome are presented. Several possible etiologies were identified including viral cystitis-urethritis, stress, and hypercalciuria. A case definition is provided and the literature is reviewed. The authors suggest that this problem is more common than is generally appreciated. The condition is usually self-limited, and invasive diagnostic imaging studies are unnecessary when the presentation is typical.
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PMID:Extraordinary urinary frequency syndrome. 837 34

The clinical manifestations of hyperuricosuria (HU) are usually underestimated by the clinician. The aim of this study was to review the clinical spectrum of symptomatology of HU and to evaluate the presence of associated hypercalciuria (HC) and hyperoxaluria (HX). A retrospective review was done on 64 children with HU seen between January 2004 and December 2008. The patients were divided into HU 19, HU + HC 4, HU + HX 21 and HU + HC + HX 20. The mean age at diagnosis was 80 months (range six to 156 months). Duration of follow-up ranged was from six to 66 months. There were 228 symptomatic episodes for 64 patients (males 31, females 33). The relationship of symptomatology to age and gender were not significant. The most common symptoms were abdominal pain 67.2% (in 7/44 it was localized to the right lower quadrant, mimicking appendicitis), flank pain 59.4%, increased urinary frequency 43.4%, urgency 39%, enuresis 31.25%, oliguria 29.7%, dysuria 25%, red urine 20.35%, vaginal itching 15.21%, dribbling 14.06%, orange urine 12.5%, hesitancy 12.5% and penile pain 7.81%. To our knowledge, the vaginal itching and penile pain were not previously described. Family history was positive for stones and/or gout in 62.5%. The presence of a positive family history and red urine were significant (P-value <0.05) for the presence of an underlying HU. In the presence of recurrent abdominal/flank pain, hematuria without proteinuria or edema and urological symptomatology, especially in the presence of red urine, and a positive family history of gout or stones, a search for HU is in order. This will avoid unnecessary and invasive investigations.
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PMID:The clinical spectrum of idiopathic hyperuricosuria in children: isolated and associated with hypercalciuria/hyperoxaluria. 2298 10